考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文u.docx

考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析 详解附译文1. Illustrated with an entertaining array of example from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable . But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle , why we should f like , care .结构： Illustrated with an entertaining array of example from both high and low culture z the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents 主is 系unmistakable 表. But it 主is 系less clear 表,to take the question of his subtitle , why we should , like , care 状单词：array n.大量各种陈歹Isubtitle n.副标题 字幕vt给加副标题 词组:See A as B把A看成B解析： 疑问词开头进行部分倒装：Nor do they aspire to such command themselves 正常语序：They nor aspire to such command themselves直译：无论是在演讲还是写作中，美国人都已不再期待要求英语语言的 技巧和华丽的公共形象了。他们也不再渴望那样要求他们自己了。在他 最新的书中做我们自己的事情：语言和音乐的堕落，以及为什么我们 应该喜欢和在意，约翰，一个语言学家以及混合了自由和保守观点地 争论者，认为20世纪60年代反文化的胜利应该为正式英语的衰落而 负责 译文：无论是在演讲中还是写作中，美国人都不再期望公众人物运用技 巧和文采来掌握英语了。公众人物也不渴望这样。语言学家约翰麦克沃 特喜好争论，他的观点参杂者自由派和保守派的看法。在其最近出版的 名为自行其是：语言和音乐的退化以及我们为什么会退化，愿意退化 并在意这一点的书中，他认为，20世纪60年代反文化的胜利，应该 对正式英语的衰落负责任 重点:No longer 不再 aspire to渴求立志追求 See A as B把A看成B 疑问词开头进行部分倒装：Nor do they aspire to suchcommand themselves 正常语序:They nor aspire to such command themselves2. Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new f but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education . Mr. McWhorter1 s academic speciality is language history and change , and he sees the gradual disappearance of " whom " , for example f to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English .结构： Blaming the permissive 1960s 主is 系nothing new 表, but this 主is not yet 系another criticism against the decline in education 表. Mr. McWhorter' s academic speciality 主is 系language history and change 表,and he 主sees 谓the gradual disappearance of “ whom "宾 插入语：，for example ,to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English 状单词：Permissive a.宽容的放任的Speciality n.专业专长Gradual a.逐渐的Regrettable a.不幸的令人遗憾的Case-ending n.词格尾缀词组：Not yet还没有For example 举例More A than B和B相比更A直译：责备20世纪60年代的宽容放任并不新鲜。但还没有另一种对 教育衰落的批判。MW先生的学术专业是语言历史以及其改变，他发现 了 whom 一词的逐渐消失,这是自然的，举个例子，旧式英语中词格尾缀的消失就并没有让人觉得很遗憾译文：责备放任的20世纪60年代并不是什么新鲜事，但是，这还算 不上对教育衰落的另一种批评。麦克沃特先生的专业是语言史和语言的 演变，比如，他认为"whom"一词的逐渐消失是很自然的事情，同古 英语中词格尾缀的消失一样并不令人遗憾重点： Not yet还没有 For example 举例 More A than B 和B 相比更 ABut the cult of the authentic and the personal f doing our own thing ”, has spelt the death of formal speech , writing , poetry and music .结构： But the cult of the authentic and the personal 主 插入语：,"doing our own thing ，has spelt 胃the death of formal speech , writing , poetry and music 宾单词：cult n.异教团体狂热崇拜时尚Authentic a.真实的逼真的可靠的Spell v.导致意味着替换拼成直译：但是对真实的和个性的狂热崇拜，比如自行其是，导致了正式演 讲，写作，诗歌和音乐的消亡 译文：但是，崇尚真实和个性，即"自行其是已经导致正式演讲，写 作，诗歌以及音乐的消亡3. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s f even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page .结构： While even the modestly educated 主sought 谓an elevated tone 宾 时间状语从句：when they 主put ii pen to p叩er 宾before the 1960s 状,even the most well regarded writing since then 主has sought to 谓capture spoken English on the page 宾单词:Modestly ad.谨慎的适当的Regard vt.注重 看待Sought /seek vt.寻找追求词组：Since then从那以后Sought to 追求 直译：然而，在20世纪60年代以前，当他们把笔指向纸张的时候, 甚至那些稍稍有些教育的人都在追求一个更高的层次。但是从那以后, 那些曾经十分重视写作的人已经开始寻求在纸上运用口语 译文20世纪60年代以前即使是稍稍受过教育的人在动笔写东西时，都在寻求高雅的语调，然后，从那以后，连那些最受关注的写作都在寻求应用口头英语重点：Since then从那以后Sought to 追求4. Equally f in poetry f the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness . In both oral and written English , talking is triumphing over speaking , spontaneity over craft.结构： Equally , in poetry , the highly personal , performative genre 主is 系the only form 表 定语从句:that 主could claim 谓real liveliness 宾. In both oral and written English , talking 主is triumphing 谓over speaking , spontaneity over craft 宾单词：performative a彳亍为的genre n.体裁类型样式Liveliness n.活泼 热烈 鲜明生动Spontaneity n.自发行为自然举动Craft n.航天器工艺vt精心制作解析:that引导定语从句，修饰form，句子中做主语直译：同样的，在诗歌当中，高个性，表现体裁是展现真正生动的唯 形式。在口头英语和书面英语中，口语战胜了演讲，自然的行为战胜了精心的准备 译文：同样，在诗歌中，高度个性化，富有表现力的创作风格成了能够 表达真实生动含义的唯一形式。在口头和书面英语中，随意言谈胜过了 正式演说，自发性胜过精心准备。重点：that引导定语从句，修饰form，句子中做主语。Illustrate with用来说明 给加（插图）Array of大量陈列一系列直译：MW先生说，用大量来自高和低文化的娱乐例子来说明，这种趋 势是正确的。但是，副标题带来的问题是为什么我们应该这样做，愿意以及在意是不清晰的 译文：麦克沃特先生从高雅文化到粗俗文化中举了一系列有趣的例子, 从而说明他所记录的这种趋势是准确无误的。但是，面对副标题的问题: 我们为什么会退化，愿意退化并在意这一点，则不那么清楚 重点： Illustrate with用来说明 给加（插图） Array of大量陈列一系列2. As a linguist , he acknowledges that all varieties of human language , including non-standard ones like Black English , can be powerfully expressivethere exists no language or dialect in the world thatcannot convey complex ideas . He is not arguing , as many do , that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper .结构: As a linguist, he 主acknowledges i胃宾语从句:that all varieties of human language 主 插入语：,including non-standard ones like Black English zcan be 系powerfully expressive 表 there exists no language or dialect in the world定语从句：that 主cannot convey 谓complex ideas 宾. He 主is not 系arguing 表ffiA® : , as many do , 宾语从句:that we 主can no longer think straight ®时间状语从句：because we 主do not talk proper 谓单词：Dialect n.方言Proper a.像样的正规的适宜的严格意义上的Straight a.笔直的直截了当的连续的正统的词组：All varieties of 各种各样No longer 不再解析： that弓I导宾语从句，作acknowledges的宾语.两个逗号之间是插入语 单个破折号表示解释说明that引导定语从句,用来修饰language or dialect ,句子中作 主语.that引导宾语从句，做非谓语动词arguing的宾语 because引导时间状语从句直译：作为一个语言学家，他承认人类各种语言，包括非正式语言，比 如黑人英语渚B能够进行有利的表达一世界上没有任何一种语言或方 言不能传达复杂思想。像很多人做的一样，他不承认，因为我们不能适 当地说，所以不能再直白的思考译文：作为一名语言学家，他承认所有类型的人类语言，包括黑人英语那样不标准的语言。都可以极具表现力那样不标准的语言。都可以极具表现力世界上还不存在不能表达复杂思想的语言或方言。与许多人不同，他并不认为我们说话的方式不规范，就会使我们不能有条理的思考 重点： that引导宾语从句，作acknowledges的宾语.两个逗号之间是插入语 单个破折号表示解释说明that引导定语从句，用来修饰language or dialect ,句子中作主语 that引导宾语从句，做非谓语动词arguing的宾语 because引导时间状语从句Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads f while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers.结构:Russians 主have 谓 1 a deep love for their own language 宾 1 and carry 谓 2 large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads 宾 2,while Italian politicians 主tend to 谓elaborate speech定语从句:that 主would seem 系old-fashioned to most English-speakers 表单词：chunk n.大块Old-fashioned a.旧时的古时候Elaborate a.复杂的周密的精心制作的解析:that引导定语从句，修饰speech ,在句子中做主语直译：俄罗斯人对他们自己的语言有深深的爱恋，并在他们的大脑中记 忆大量的诗歌，意大利政治家往往精心准备的演讲，对大多数讲英语的 人来说是过时的 译文：俄罗斯人深爱他们自己的语言，并在脑海中记忆了大量诗歌，而 意大利的政客们往往精心准备演讲，这些演讲对大多数讲英语者来说似 乎已经过时了3. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary , and proposes no radical education reforms he is reallygrieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful.结构：Mr. McWhorter 主acknowledges 谓宾语从句：that formal language 主is not 系strictly necessary 表,and proposes 谓no radical educationreforms 宾he 主is really grieving over 谓the lossof something beautiful more than useful 宾 单词：grieve vt.使悲伤是苦恼词组：Grieve over悲痛哀悼直译：MW先生承认真是英语并不严格需要，以及提出非根本性的教育改革他真的非常悲痛关于丢掉美的东西超过了实用译文：麦克沃特先生认为，正式语言并非不可或缺，他没有建议彻底的 教育改革他其实是在那些美好但不实用的事物的失去而感到悲伤 重点： Grieve over悲痛哀悼We now take our English “ on paper plates instead of china ” A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one .结构:We 主now take 谓our English " on paper plates instead of china "宾.A shame , perhaps , but probably an inevitable one单词：Plate n.盘子金属片直译：如今，我们把英语放在"纸盘子上，而不是瓷器上”。可能这时 一个耻辱，但是可能这也是不可避免地。译文：我们现在把英语放在"纸盘上而不是瓷器上。这也许是一种遗 憾，但可能是无法避免的。1. Americans no longer expect public figures , whether in speech or in writing , to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves . In his latest book , Doing Our Own Thing : The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should , Like, Care , John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views , sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English .结构： Americans 主no longer expect 谓public figures 宾 插入语:,whether in speech or in writing ,to command the English language with skill and gift 状. 倒装句：Nor do they 主aspire to 谓such commandthemselves 宾. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing : The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should , Like , Care , John McWhorter 主插入语：，a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as 谓 responsible for the decline of formal English 宾单词：Degradation n.堕落恶化衰退Controversialist n.争论者Liberal a.开明的自由的大量的Conservative a.保守的守旧的词组：No longer 不再aspire to渴求立志追求