初二英语上册知识点总结：短语、句型.docx

初二英语上册知识点总结：短语、句型（工）1、 如有 always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a.,every.ffl 一般现在时，第一、二人称复数后跟动词原形，第三人称单数后跟动词加's/es'。2、如有 now ,look!,listen, at the moment .用现在进行时,结构是 be （am, is, are） +v-ing3、如有 tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in 段时间，some day, next.用一般将来时，结构：will + v原 be going to+v原（没有动词用be ）4、如有 yesterday,ago , last.just now 用般过去时动词力口 edgive sb. Sth.=give sth. to sb,给某人某物every day 每天,write down 写下，t己下 write it （them） down everyday 每天的，日常的，how about doing sth.=what about doing sth,做怎么样 each other 互相.thanks a lot= thank you very much 非常谢谢回答 That's all right. =You're welcome.= That'OK.= It's my pleasure. = Not at all.Why don't you+V 原=why not+V 原 为什么不help sb. with sth,在某方面帮助别人help sb. （to ）do sth,帮助某人做某事with one's help=with the help of sb.在某人的帮助 help oneself to sth,请自用食物watch sb. do sth.看到某人做了某事，（现在没有做，做过）watch sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事（正在做）see, hear类似remember to do sth.想起记得要做某事，未做事remember doing sth.相起记得做过 某事forget to do sth.忘记要做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事welcome back欢迎回来, new term新学期this term这学期，next term 下学学期，last term上学期,give you some advice 给你一些建议0ther其他的，另外的，别的;0ther其他的，另外的，别的;another另一个人或事物;the other两个中的另一个；the others其余的，剩下的人或事物；others其他的，另外的，别的人或物MODULE 5 on earth ,究竟，到底，可用在 when ,what,who,where,how ,which,why 等之后,相当于in the world,用在否定句中相当于not .at all；a fan of ,的迷give a concert =give concerts,举行音乐会be famous for ,因,而著名（后+人或物某方面的特点，特长）be famous as，作为而闻名（后+身份职业）at the age of =when sb.was.years old,在.,岁的时候not only.but also.不仅.,而且（就近原则）上classical music,古典音乐belong to，属于sth belong to sb.物属于人across，从一定范围内的一边到另一边，表面进行through,从中间通过或穿过,里面进 行;over上方通过，不接触表面；hear of 听说， be born 出生，go through 穿过，rm not sure我不确定， I'm sure肯定，make sb.+adj使某人怎么样，make sb .do sth,使某人做某事，take sb. around 带人四处走走，a piece of music 一首乐曲，in addition to 除.以外，buy him a guitar=buy a guitar for him 给某人买吉他，go on with sth.继续做某事，go on doing sth.继续做某事，die of 患.,而死，常接 hunger, cold, illness,cancer 内部原因，die from 由于,而死，常接 a wound ,an accident,carelessness 夕卜部原因,learn to do sth学做某事，learn from sb,向某人学习，Learn.by heart 熟记,背诵，learn one's lesson from.从中吸取教训I,反意疑问句：1,先断”定）判断是否定或肯定.如有 not,never, few, little, hardly, no ,nobody,seldom,nothing 等词，贝U是否定，后 面该用肯定.2,后找”动”，观察前面的动词，若含有或情态动词直接用，若为实义动词原形，用do,三单用 does,过去式用 did, had better had3,换代，主语定代词，三单用he ,she ,it，复用they we ; somebody,nobody类似的用 they,和thing 一起的用4,肯定祈使句，反问句部分可用will you /won't you ?否定祈使句，用will you ?5Let's,用 shall we? let us一,用 will you?,.在think,believe,suppose+从句结构中，疑问句部分与从句保持一致，同时主句的否定 转移到从句中；但第二，三人称与主句保持一致：I don't think you have done it.have you? /He doesn't think you have done it ,does he?即：当主句人称是一，从句是二 时，看二；当主句是三时，就看三。6 .回答只针对事实作答;Yes+肯定，No+否定初二英语上册知识点总结：短语、句型（5）give sb.sth=give sth.to sb,给某人某物,give in 投降,give up doing sth 放弃，give out 分发，give a way to对让步，on the earth在地球上，both.and既又就近原则neither.nor既不.,又不，就近原则either.or 要么.要么.there be, not only.but also 就近原则,may be可能是.mdybe=perhaps大概，也许In addition to .,除以外（还有）=besides, but除.之外,常与否定意义词连用，当 but前有do时but后接原形,except,除.之外（不包括）on holiday 度假,on holiday 度假,of course=,sure 当然all types of 呼种,all types of 呼种,part time job,一份兼职工作be led by由带领be led by由带领on one's own 独自，MODULE 6过去进行时 用法：1 .表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或正存在的状态，一般常和at that time, at点 yesterday, then, last night,this time yesterday ,the whole morning,when I arrived等特定的过去时间连用。2 ,表示一个过去动作发生时或发生之后，另一个动作正在进行或两个延续性过去的动作同时 进行，常与when,while引导的时间状语从句连用。结构：was /were +V-inggo on继续,go on继续,go on doing sth继续做某事（同一件事）,go on to do sth继续做某事（另一件事）, go on with sth继续做同一件事，但中间暂停过,How is it going ?=How are you getting on /along?近况如何?by the river,在河边 at this time yesterday 昨天 的这个时候，in a tree=in the tree，在树上（外来物）on a tree =on the tree,在树上,（树本身的）smile at sb.朝着某人微笑,laugh at sb.嘲笑某人fall off掉下来，fall in love with,爱上fall into，掉进，跌入fall behind，落后，跟不上be careful,小心by mistake由于出错by mistake由于出错at that /this time 在那/这时have nothing to do 没事可做，nothing strange 没什么奇怪的,take sth. out of.把从.拿出来,happen to do sth,碰巧做某事感官动词see ,hear ,watch,feel,notice,smell,taste后+名词或代词+动词原形（表示动 作已经发生）后十名词或代词+Ving（表示动作正在进行）under th hedge在树篱下面,go down 下去,think about 考虑，think of 想起，认为，think over 仔细考虑，think out,想出think hard,努力想，努力思考What happened to sb.?某人发生了什么事?why not 为什么不，make a mistake=make mistakes 犯错误correct spelling 正确的拼写，what else?=what other things?还有什么a piece of advice 一条建议，follow /take one's advice 采用别人的建议，send sth to sb.=send sb. sth.寄给某人 send for 派人去请/取send up 发射,all the time 一直enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun,玩得愉快lots of =a lot of =many(可数)、much(不可数)许多，,spend : sb. spend some time on sth.某人花费时间做某事sb. spend some time (in) doing sth.某人花费时间做某事Sb. spend some money on sth,某人花费钱买某物Sb. spend some money (in) buying sth,某人花费钱买某物Cost: sth. cost sb. some money 某物花去某人钱pay: sb. pay some money for sth,某人支付钱Take: It takes (took) sb.some time to do sth.做某事花去某人时间ask for请求，要求， ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事a piece of一块enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事,finish,practise, mind, miss .consider,keep, continue, 这些词语后跟动名词形式V-ingplace sth.in =put sth. in把某物放在里面else常修饰不定代词，关系代词或副词，也可修饰all, much,little等，else要位于其后。 所有格为else's.take a deep breath 深呼吸， catchhold one's breath 屏住呼吸，out of breath上气不接下气，wish sb. to do sth,希望某人做某事，the number of的数目，后跟名词复数，动词用三单，a number of =many,大量，许 多后跟名词复数，动词用复数形式。a large number of, a small number of ,invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事 find+ it+ adj+to do sth,发现做某事怎么样try to do sth,尽力做事try doing sth.尝试做某事try not to do sth ,尽力不做某事try one's best尽某人最大的努力，a group of一组，一群， borrow sth from sb,从某人处借入某物，lend sth.to sb=lend sb.sth.借给某人某物keep借一段时间practice doing sth,练习做做某事come from = be from 来自，look for 寻找，look after=care for=take care of 照顾look up向上看，查阅，look like看起来像，look at看着，look on sb. as把某人看作，look forward to doing sth.盼望，期待做某事lookove检查，翻阅，look out当心，向外看，look through仔细查看，be ready for =get ready for= prepare for 为.，be ready 准备好，be (get ) ready to do sth.准备做某事，乐意做某事translate.into.将.译成take a message 捎个信，leave a message 留个信，be good for对有好处， be good at =do well in擅长于.be poor at =be bad at =do badly in = be weak in 不擅长 Think of 想起，think about 想出，think over 仔细考虑，else 修饰不定代词 something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody 和 who, what,when,where 时放后， 四说,1,speak说语言，2.say说内容，3,talk与谁说，4,tell告诉，讲述,四看，1,watch观看电视，比赛和表演，2,see看人，电影，医生，风景，3,read看书，报，4,look就看。看场电影要用see,读书看报用read电视、戏居U、 比赛，凡是表演用watch,observe细观察，一时注意用notice.make+宾语+补足语（形容词）使某人某物怎么样。,make+宾语+do让某人做某事make+宾语+过去分词 使某人被怎么样；make friends with sb.与某人交朋友，初二英语上册知识点总结：短语、句型（2）hear of 听说,hear of 听说,hear from收到某人的来信,be bad for 对.有害，it is+ddj.+of sb+to do sth,写性格，品质 kind, good nice ,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish 等。It is+adj+for sb +to do sth,对物的评价 difficult,easy hardzdangerous,important, 等write to.给写信，do some concerts 办音乐会,say hello to sb.给某人问好，write to.给写信，do some concerts 办音乐会,say hello to sb.给某人问好，next to在旁边，speak to sb,和某人讲话，say bye to sb.向某人说再见,show sb. around somewhere 带某人参观某土也,learn sth from sb,向某人学习choose the correct answers 选择正确答案，correct the mistakes 改错,17131：（：卜1,7/注11.把和搭酉己起来建议：l.why don't you do sth?=why not do sth?2 .How about doing sth?=what about doing sth?3 .You should /can do sth. 4.Remember to do sth.5 .Don't forget to do sth. 6,can you do sth ?7 .Let's do sth. 8.1t'sa good idea to do9 .would you like to do ? 10.Shall we do11 .You'd better (not )do sth.回答:Thafs a good idea.Thanks a lot.Great, OK. Thafs right. All right. Good idea. Sure.MODULE2现在完成时： 1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或结果，常与recently, ever,never,already,yet Just,before still 连用；2,表示发生在过去并且一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for+时间段或since+时间点 连用。结构：have(has)+过去分词，get into=enter 进入,whafs the price of . = how much is .问价格dream about 梦至ij,dream of 梦见，around the world=all over the world 全世界,stay with sb.与某人呆一起stay in bed呆在床上，take off脱下，起飞，all over China,全中国，stay at home呆在家里，walk to =go to.on foot 步行去land on/in /at 着路，take a seat =have a seat 请坐,come ture 实现，fly to =go to .by plane(by air),坐飞机drive to =go to.by car 开车，at the end of 在.尽头/结尾sell out卖光，at the end在结束时，have been to去过(现在不在那儿),have gone to去了(现在不在说话地)everyday English 日常英语,everyday English 日常英语,first price 一等奖,The most exciting experience 最激动人心的经历， before long 不久，long before=soon=a little later 很久以前， no problem 没问题,have a problem in doing sth.做某事有困难， work out a problem 解决一个问题，invite sb to do sth,邀请某人做某事invite sb to some place邀请某人去某地，one day,某一天，（过去或将来）some day某一天（将来），连系动词，一是 be （am, is ,are ,was ,were,）感觉 feel , 一保持 keep,三变 become, get turn,四起来taste ,smell , look, sound,后跟形容词作表语。不定代词：somebody, some one 某人，anybody,anyone 任何人 nobody,no one, 没人 everyone,everybody 每个人,something 某物,anything 任何物,nothing 没 事簿verything 一切事物，修饰他们的形容词放后。different kinds of =all kinds of不同种类的,各种各样的,by the end of至U.末为止，不迟于give a concert=give concerts 举办音乐会初二英语上册知识点总结：短语、句型（3）in the end =finally 最后，终于，take a photo=take photos 照相,店 cook sth for sb.=cook sb.sth.为某人做 饭 buyzmakesuch+a/an+adj+单数名词=$。+adj+a/an+单数名词（名前such,形副so,多多少 少也用so,little属特殊，''小用such,少用so.）交通工具的乘坐，take the（a） +交通工具to , =goby+交通工具=900口 /in+a（the）+交通工具（小汽车只能用in ,其余的可用in ,on）;walk to some where=go to.on foot; fly to somewhere.=go .by plane ride to somewhere=go.,by bike, drive to somewhere=go to by car,a kind of 一种， be kind to sb对某人友善 since then从那时起, take off 脱下，起飞，请假， reckon=consider =regard =think 考虑，认为，be reckoned (to be),被以为 reckon.as.相当于regard .as.把当成in the photo,在照片里go abroad,出国 be abroad,在国夕卜travel abroad,至ij国夕卜旅行sell out,卖光sell to ,卖给某人 sell well卖得好，四个也：also,肯定，行前be后；too肯定，句末；either,否定,句末；as well,肯定, 句末。go to sleep,去睡觉the price of,.的价格，形容价格用high/ow。sell sth at a high price,以高价出售， sell sth at a low price,以低价出售。yet,用于完成时态的否定句和疑问句中；have a wonderful time玩得高兴，would like to do sth=want to do sth,想要做某事would like sb. to do sth=wat sb to do sth 想要某人做某事MODULE3 already早已，用于完成时的肯定,；yet,用于完成时的否定和疑问；just,用于完成时just now=a moment ago 用于过去时，arrive at （小地方）/in（大地方）= reach=get to，到达bring,从外往里拿，take，从里往外拿，carry无方向，fetch往返拿，more than ,=over,多于alone,个体单独,独自；most of.的大多数，on a visit 参观as .as.和样more than ,=over,多于alone,个体单独,独自；most of.的大多数，on a visit 参观as .as.和样less than,少于lonely,孤独，寂寞，也表示荒凉，a visit to对的参观，for a visit 参观， pay a visit to，拜访not as .as. = not so .as 不如,sothat如此以致于.,如果that后是否定，就可以用too.to转换，如果是肯定就用， 形容+enough（for sb ）to do sth.be famous for因面著名（原因），be famous as以身份或产地而著名prefer doing sth. to doing sth. = like doing sth better than doing sth 更喜欢做某事, prefer to更喜欢 prefer to do sth rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事， return from a visit to 从访问返回,be named after以.的名字命名，be proud of以自豪， be up to sb,由某人决定，up to从事于，忙于，space station在太空站，show sth to sb.=show sb sth把某物给某人看，on business出差，因公事，在的上面over,在,上面,正上方，中间有段空间,反义为underon在上面，贴着物表，反义beneath,above在.,上方，高出，反义belowin the sky=in the air 在天空中， by air=by plane 坐飞机，in the last three years在过去三年里，用于现在完成时，none用于三个以上的全否定，反义为aH； neither两个都不，反义为both,the lastest news,最新消息， share sth.with sb,与分享某物MODULE4 get on /along with sb,与相处，get on well with sb.与相处融洽 hear about ,hear of 听说， in fact 实际上，the Hope Schools,希望学校look after=take care of =care for,照顾初二英语上册知识点总结：短语、句型（4）drop out of school,缀学 take part in,参力口pay for，支付，付钱pay for，支付，付钱how long，多长时间how soon,多久how soon,多久get on badly with，与相处不好hear from sb,收到某人的信，邮件等on the farm，在农场上in the last+一段时间,in th past +一段时间in the recent+ 一段时间，这三个用于现在 完成时because of 因为,sell sth.to sb.=sell sb .sth,，把某物卖给某人buy sth from .buy sth for sb,.给某人买东西get an education 接受教育,take part in=join 参力口，in good/bad health 身体健康/不健康，care about 关心,在乎，take care 当心，how often隔多久一次，stop doing sth.停止做某事.stop to do sth.停下来去做别的事，dress /undressr+Azput on/wear/take off+衣，drop out 退出,离队，drop in 顺便来访，drop out of school 退学point at 指着，point to 指向 put on one's clothes 穿上衣服with the help of sb.=wiht sb's help 在别人的帮助下without the help of sb,无人帮助的情况 at home and abroad 在国内外非延续性动词变为延续动词：buy-have open-be open join -be in borrow-keep die be deadleavebe away come here-be here go therebe there begin-be onfinish-be over make friends-be friends get ready-be ready buy-get /havearrive/get to /reach/come-be in be at /stay, put on-have on /wear get up-be up可延续性动词不可以与for或since连用，非延续性动词的否定式也可以和for/since连 用.