2021届西安高级中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析.docx

2021届西安高级中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Origins of Famous BrandsOur lives are full of brand names and trademarked products that we use every day. Although many brand names are simple acronyms（首字母缩略词）or versions of their founders names, some of the companies we trust every day actually have fascinating and surprising back stories.StarbucksIt seems fitting that the most famous coffee brand in the world would take its name from one of the world's greatest works of literature. The inspiration for the name of the coffeehouse came from Herman Melville'sMoby Dick. The founders' original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahab's ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasn't a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahab's first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead.GoogleGoogle was originally called Backrub, for it searched for links in every corner of the Web. In 1997, when the founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology, a friend suggested the word “googol”. When a friend tried to register the new domain （域）name, he misspelled “googol" as “google".NikeOriginally founded as a distributor for Japanese running shoes, the company was originally named BRS, or Blue Ribbon Sports. In 1971, BRS introduced its own soccer shoe, a model called Nike, which is alsothe name for the Greek goddess of victory. In 1978, the company officially renamed itself as Nike, Inc.The right name is essential to a company's success, and a great origin story is just as important as a great product. An attractive origin story is one more thing that keeps customers guessing, wondering, and buying its products.1. What is the name of the Captain Ahab's ship?A. Moby Dick.B. Starbucks.1 .说明目的；.提出建议；2 .解释原因。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考答案.C1 .D.D2 .C. A3 . A.D12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31, B 32.C33.D 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D41. was postponed 42. influential 43. to discover44. has written 45. where 46. generally47. the 48. boundaries49. it 50. becoming51.(1. thea(2) . Describing-Described.surprising-surprised(4) . up 后加 for. major-majors(5) . whowhose. virtualvirtually(6) . whichwho/that(9),删除in(10) . himselMherself52 .略C. Pequot.D. Herman Melville.2. Why did the founders of the Google want to change its name?A. They mistook their name.B. They wanted new customers.C. The company's original name was too long.D. The company's search technology was improving rapidly.3. Where does the importance of the origin story of one company lie in?A. It can change the company's image.B. It can add myth to the company.C. It explains the development of the company to customers.D. It makes customers imagine and purchase its goods.BWhen I was 13,1 lost my sight. Since then, I had learned to get about with a walking stick, but had to stay at home because my parents thought I would get lost or robbed, even get hit by a car.I, however, believed I could regain my way if I lost it. A neighbor told me that a public library was offering a free course designed for the blind. That's an important opportunity for me to kill two birds with one stone: I could practice my getting about skills on my way to learning practical technology. My parentssettled forit.But how would I plan my course? I knew that the blind singer Ray Charles, get around without a walking stick by counting steps. But I couldn't seem to do that the way he had. I developed the power of my imagination, catching the layout （布局） of places I visited and taking note of landmarks in my mind. Every time I visited a place, the mental map I'd drawn would turn up and helped me with the direction. But that doesn't mean I didn't lose my way in the process of acquiring this skill. Td have to swallow （吞下） my pride to ask kind strangersfor help.On those days I lost my way, I'd go to bed feeling down. But my desires to beat blindness and further my education were usually enough to get me out of bed the next day and try again. Today, Tm a published reporter and audio producer.Yes, Tve lost my way at times and found it again. And when people ask me,“Aren't you afraid to be out on your own?H the answer to me is clear： I'd rather risk and find happiness than stick to safety and be painful.Now, impressed by my progress, my father told my mother, "Our boy can see!".4. What does the underlined phrases "settled for" in the second paragraph mean?A. Talked about.B.Stuckto.C. Agreed to.D. Cared about.5. How did the author go around on his own after losing his sight?A.He created pictures of places in his mind.B. He drew a map on the paper to help him.C. He was always asking strangers for directions.D.He threw away the walking stick and counted steps.6. Which of the following can best describe the author?A. Determined and adventurous.B. Patient and intelligent.C. Warm-hearted and positive.D. Adventurous and outgoing.7. How did the author's parents feel about his progress?A.Concerned.8. Surprised.9. Confident.10. Proud.CI don't want to talk about being a woman scientistagain. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it's like to work in a field dominated （controlled） by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space, time and the nature of black holes.At 19, when I began studying astrophysics （天体物理学工 it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement jobs, research papers, awards was viewed through the lens （镜片） of gender （性另ll） politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus （相对于）right brain, or nature versus nurture （培 育），I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations （挑衅）:I don't talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn't want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don't study sociology or political theory.Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women's college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45.I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don't dismiss those concerns. Still, I don/t tell them "war" stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual oftheir physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that's a sight worth talking about.8. Why doesn't the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?A. She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination （歧视）.B. She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.C. She is not good at telling stories of the kind.D. She finds space research more important.9. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute （把归因于）theauthor's failures to.A. the burden she bears in a male-dominated societyher involvement in gender politicsB. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicistthe very fact that she is a woman10. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and postdoctoral research?A. Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.B. Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.C. People's fixed attitude toward female scientists.D. Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.11. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?A. Women students needn't have the concerns of her generation.B. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.C. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.D. Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.DImaginary friends in childhood refer to the invisible beings that a child gives a personality to and plays with for over three months.Crabbycrab （蟹）appeared on a holiday in Norway by running out of my four-year- old son Fisher's ear after a night of tears from an earache. Like other childhood imaginary friends, Crabby should be a sign thatFisher's mind is growing and developing positively. Indeed, research shows that imaginary friends can help develop children's social skills.Research has shown that the positive effects of having imaginary friends as a child continue into adulthood.Adolescents who remember their imaginary playmates have been found to use more activecoping （应对）styles, such as seeking advice from loved ones rather than bottle things up inside. Even adolescents with behavioral problems who had imaginary friends as children have been found to have better coping skills through the teenage years.Scientists thinkthis could be because these teens have been able to adjust themselves to the social world with imagination rather than choose to be involved in relationships with more difficult classmates. It could also be because the imaginary friends help to reduce these adolescentsjoneliness.These teens are also more likely to seek out social connections -they tend to turn to others for advice. Current research by Tori Watson is taking this evidence and looking at how adolescents who have imaginary friends as children deal withbullying （欺凌）at school. It is found that teens who remember their imaginary friends are better at dealing with bullying.While we know a lot about childhood imaginary friends such as Crabby Crab and the positive effects they can have, there is still a lot to learn about imaginary friends.12. What is Crabby crab?A. It is a crab Fisher caught inNorway.B. It is Fisher's imaginary friend.C. It is a toy Fisher like much.D. It is a cause of earache.13. Why do children with imaginary friends have better coping skills?A. Imaginary friends help improve their adjustment.B. Having imaginary friends makes them smarter.C. They have rich imagination.D. They are no longer alone.14. What will a child with imaginary friends probably do if he is bullied?A. Escape from the bully.B. Fight with the bully bravely.C. Keep silent about being bullied.D. Ask a parent or a teacher for help.15. What is the author's attitude towards the effect of imaginary friends?A. Concerned.B. Doubtful.C. Optimistic.D. Indifferent.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项 Choosing a major is a very important thing in our life. However, it can be extremely challenging. So it's necessary to learn some simple tips that much easier._16_. And how does that choice affect your future career? We can help guide you in choosing a major.Your major is your primary field of study in your undergraduate （大学的）program. It is the subject in which you earn your bachelor's degree. After completing a list of general education courses, you spend the rest of the time studying one subject of your choice.17.For many students, it's best to try out different classes to figure out a major you'll like,but you need to have a couple of solid choices.18, you should begin taking courses you are required to complete before graduation, so it will decrease your chances of needing to switch majors later because you already know what to expect.-19_, you should begin thinking about how your field will lead to a job as soon as possible.Consider clubs, research programs and part-time jobs related to potential career choices for your major.For more career-specific majors like nursing and engineering, the majority of your studies will include skills that can be used in a future job.20. The sooner you begin working in a lab, on research projects or helping as a teaching assistant for a professor, the better yourll be able to figure out your career.A.You have to think of ways to choose a majorB.Be sure that you choose a major that suits your interestsC.Once you have a better idea of which major you like bestD.While your major may or may not lead directly to a careerE.Do some research to find out which majors can help you get that jobF.Roughly one-third to one-half of your courses will be related to your majorG.However, you should still consider doing activities outside of the classroom to better prepare you第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项 Ruby Kate, 11 likes to spend time with residents at the local nursing homes where her mother Amada works as a nurse.Oneday last summer, Ruby_21_that a resident namedPearlwas staring out of the window and looking very_22_. Ruby and Amanda learnt thatPearFs dog had just left. She couldn't 23 to have someone takecare of her dog and it was basically homeless. After a little more_24, Amanda and her daughter found out thatPearlonly gets $40 each month from her Medicaid check. Many of the other residents received just as little - if 25一 spending money at all.Pearl's story 26 Ruby. She wanted to do something to 27 her and theother residents. So she got out a 28 and wrote down a simple question: "Whatare three things you wish you had?"Amanda was 29 of Ruby's broad question. She didn't think her daughterwould 30 with anything helpful. un my adult mind, that question is not goingto 31" said Amanda. "They're going to tell you that they want things you can'tgive them.”She went door to door at the nursing home,32 residents to list their threewishes. When Amanda saw what her daughter wrote in her notebook, she was 33 that the list was filled with just 34 requests like new pillows,books, razors and peanut butter.Ruby and Amanda 35 all of the items on the first list and that started a chainreaction of 36 and kindness. They launched a GoFundMe pageto 37 money to fulfill more wishes. Soon after,Ruby's story went viral andshe's now collected more than $250,000 and 38 her own nonprofit calledThree Wishes for Ruby's Residents."I'd like it to go on 39 and ever and ever," she said. "Because I just want it togo 40 and I want it to go around the states and even in different countries/'21. A. warned B. noticed C. screamed D. worriedA. upset B. curious C. exhausted D. satisfied22. A. expect B. bother C. afford D. agreeA. discussing B. examining C. sharing D. digging23. A. any B. so C. not D. everA. moved B. struck C. changed D. depressed24. A. comfort B.