2020年高考真题——英语（新课标Ⅲ） Word版含解析.docx

2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷III）英语考前须知：L答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2 .答复选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干 净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答复非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听完每段 对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1 .Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a supermarket.B. In the post office.C. In the street.【答案】C【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。2 .What did Carl do?A. He designed a medaLB. He fixed a TV set.C. He took a test.【答案】B【解析】【原文】此题为听力题。解析略。3 .What does the man do?A. He's a tailor.B. He's a waiter.C. He's a shop assistant.【答案】A【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。4,When will the flight arrive?A. At 18:20.B. At 18:35.C. At 18:50.【答案】C【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。5 .How can the man improve his article?A. By deleting unnecessary words.B. By adding a couple of points.C. By correcting grammar mistakes.【答案】A【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。第二节（共15小题；每题L5分，总分值225分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选 项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。47upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keepI remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was. 49 absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a “regular” . After a while, she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 52. and since she'd found it too much to cope with （应对），she'd taken it out on 53 people.That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market. Don't take it 56. If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she's had a row with her husband. Maybe herchild's not 57, Always water it down and don't let your ego （自 我）get 58, If you do, you won'be able to 59 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60everyone9s day.41. A. shopkeepersB. customersC. salespersonsD. receptionists 42. A. sayingB. pretendingC. guessingD. replying 43. A. agreeB. promiseC. imagineD. swear 44. A. forgetB. decideC. discoverD. assume 45. A. foodsB. cataloguesC. belongingsD. goods 46. A. particularB. differentC. matchingD. natural 47. A. fightingB. smilingC. waitingD. changing 48 A. generousB. politeC. carelessD. difficultA. curious aboutB. displeased withC. patient withD. uncertain about49. A. relaxedB. delightedC. surprisedD. embarrassedA. searchedB. arguedC. prayedD. apologized50. A. by chanceB. by herselfC. on purposeD. on dutyA. rudeB. suchC. otherD. lonely51. A. lessonB. trickC. skillD. tradeA. workB. shopC. meetD. quarrel52. A. kindlyB. secretlyC. personallyD. casuallyA. readyB. awayC. upD. well53. A. out of sightB. in the wayC. behind the sceneD. above the lawA. stressB. expectC. handleD. blame54. A. ruinsB. makesC. startsD. saves【答案】41. B42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. B 51.D 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. A 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. A【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人，遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客，而有一个难缠的顾客，一开 始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者，是因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气撒到 其他人身上，这让作者学到了珍贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，不然当事情开展成 不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主；B. customers 顾客；C. salespersons 售货员； D. receptionist 接待员。 根据上文 I care deeply about my customers 可知作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。应选B。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会冲进来,说手提包被偷了。A. saying说;B.pretending假装;C. guessing 猜想；D. replying答复。结合后文their handbag's been sen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。应选A。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们 的车里。A. agree同意；B.promise承诺；C.imagine想象；D.swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦 地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。应选D。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们 的车里。A. forget 忘记；B. decide 决定；C. discover 发现；D. assume 假设。结合后文 it had been in their car all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。应选C。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. foods 食物；B. catalogues目录；C.belongings所有物；D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的是商店 里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。应选D。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. particular 特别的;B. different 不同的；C. matching 相配的;D. natural 自然的。结合上文 the only style you don't haveleftina可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色particular）没有存货的款式。 其它选项带入不符合语境。应选A。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting打架；B. smiling 微笑；C.waiting等待；D. changing改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这 种情况，虽然店员会很沮丧，但是作者还是努力说服他们保持微笑，效劳顾客。应选B。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨的； B. polite礼貌的；C careless粗心的；D. difficult难缠的，困难的。结合后文nothing was right可知这位顾客 对一切都不满，很难缠。应选D。【49题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常 客 o A. curious about 好奇；B. displeased with 对 不满意;C. patient with 对 有耐心；D. uncertain about 对 不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。应选B。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常 客”。A. relaxed放松的;B. delighted快乐的；C.surprised惊讶的;D.embarrassed为难的。结合上下文可知 这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。应选C。51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，她为自己一开始的行为抱歉。A. searched搜索；B. argued争论；C. prayed 祈祷；D. apologized抱歉。顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的 行为抱歉。apologize for"为某事抱歉。应选D。【52题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应 付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然；B. by herself她单独地；C. on purpose成心地；D. on duty值 班。结合上文 She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 可知女顾客和丈夫分居 了, 因此现在是单独住在一套公寓里。应选B。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以 应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的；B. such这样的；C.other其他的；D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文 since she'd found it too much to cope with, she'd taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定把气撒在其 他人身上。other people“其他人"。应选C。【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了珍贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程， 教训；B.trick诡计；C.skiH技能；D.trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了珍贵的一 课。应选A。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这给我上了珍贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work工作；B. shop 购物；C.meet会面；D.quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。应选A。【56题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：别太在意。A. kindly亲切地；B. secretly秘密地；C.personally亲自地；D. casually 随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我阻碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些 事。短语take it personally"在意,把这些放在心上。应选C。【57题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地；B. away离开；C.up向上；D. well好地。 根据上文Maybe she's had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。应选 Do【58题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我阻碍你。A. out of sight看不见；B.intheway阻 碍,挡道；C. behind the scene幕后；D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客, 要淡化这种不好的情绪，不要让自己的自我阻碍了自己。应选B。【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情开展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了 每个人的一天。A. stress强调；B.expect期待；C. handle处理；D.blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明 如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。应选C。【60题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情开展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了 每个人的一天。A. ruins 消灭；B. makes 制作；C. starts 开始;D. saves 拯救。结合上文 the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情开展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。应 选Ao第二节(共10小题；每题L5分，总分值15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In ancient China lived an artist.61paintings were almost lifelike. The artisfs reputation had made himproud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像)done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62(fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would.63(choose), butwhen he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li Ri ver perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.Filled with 64(curious), the artist packed his bags and left.65 he asked the villagers on the banksof the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的)artist, they smiled and 66(point) down the river. Thenext morning he hired a boat and set out 67(find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved,68(gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds.69(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑)by the greatest artist 70 earth, Mother Nature.【答案】61. whose62. finest 63. be chosen64. curiosityWhen/As65. pointedto find66. gently 69. Surrounding70. on【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送给宰相时，这位睿智的老人告诉他 去漓江旅行也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大 的艺术家就是大自然母亲。2021 全国 HI) In ancient China lived an artist.61 paintings were almost lifelike.【答案】whose考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先 行词artist,且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。【62题详解】2021 全国 III) One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像)done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62(fine) work, so that he could choose the best.【答案】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示 他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的此处应用形容 词最高级finesto故填finesto【63题详解】2021 全国 III) The artist was sure he would.63(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed.【答案】be chosen考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时， 这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。【64题详解】2021 全国 III) Filled with 64(curious), the artist packed his bags and left.【答案】curiosity考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity 作宾语，表示“好奇心。故填curiosity。【65题详解】2021 全国 III) 65 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的)artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.【答案】When/As考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们 笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当时候，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词， 不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。2021 全国 HI) When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇 的)artist, they smiled and 66 (point) down the river.【答案】pointed考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们 笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。【67题详解】2021 全国 III) The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67(find) the well-known painter.【答案】t。find考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意 表示“出发去做某事短语为set out to do sth.,后跟不定式做目的状语。故填t。find。【68题详解】2021 建国 III) As the small boat moved,68(gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountainsbeing silently reflected in the water.【答案】gently考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修 饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地"。故填gently。【69题详解】（2021 全国 III） 69（surround） the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.【答案】Surrounding考查非谓语动词。句意:当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了 眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 （surround） the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填Surrounding。【70题详解】2021 全国 HI） The artist was finally humbled （谦卑）by the greatest artist 70 earth, Mother Nature.【答案】。n考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家大自然母亲所羞辱。结合句意 表示“在世界上短语为on earth。故填。n。第四局部写作（共两节，总分值35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分）71 .假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families. In order to make surely all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us. For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple. My dad don't like the soup and I don't enjoy apples. I tell my mom that if we're forced eat things, we may become ill.But he insists on us eating healthy food. Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.concerningfemiHesMy mom is really concerned with the health of everyone in our 自my皿 or（jermakesurelysure all of us are in good healthyshe makes specific plans for us. For example, every momingthehaddont【答案】my dad has to have a bowl of egg soup while I have to eat an apple. My dad doesrrt like theAsoup and I don't enjoy apples. I tell my mom that if we're forced to eat things, we may become ill.hewhatBut she insists on us eating healthy food. Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food 仕血 is provided by Mom with appreciation.【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者的妈妈坚持让全家人吃健康食物，确保每个人身体好。一开始，家人 有些排斥。在母亲的坚持下，我充满感谢地接受了母亲的好意。【详解】第一处：考查固定短语。句意:我的妈妈真的关心我们家庭里每个人的健康。be concerned with关 心，该短语是固定短语，所以concerning改成concerned0第二处：考查名词单复数。句意同上。family当“家庭讲时，是集合名词，这里表示“我们一个家庭，所 以用单数，families改成family0第三处：考查固定短语。句意：为了确保我们所有人身体好，她为我们制定了特殊的方案。make sure确保, 该短语是固定短语，所以surely改成sure。第四处：考查简单句。句意同上。这是一个简单句，前面in order to作目的状语，不用连词and,所以去掉 ando第五处：考查冠词。句意：例如：每天早晨，我的父亲不得不喝一碗鸡蛋汤，然而，我不得不吃一个苹果。泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤，bowl以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a,所以the改成a。第六处：考查时态。根据时间状语every morning,可知这里表示经常或反复发生的事情，用一般现在时， 主语为I,谓语动词要用原形。所以had改成have。第七处：考查主谓一致。句意：我爸爸不喜欢汤，我也不喜欢苹果。表示经常或反复发生的事情，用一般 现在时。主语my dad是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，所以don't改成doesn't。第八处：考查固定句型。句意：我告诉我妈妈，如果我们被迫吃东西，我们可能会生病。be forced to do sth. 被迫做某事，所以forced后面加to。第九处：考查代词。句意：但是她坚持让我们吃健康的食物。文中指“我的妈妈，是女性，所以he改成 she。第十处：考查定语从句。句意：出于对妈妈好意的理解，我满怀感谢地吃着妈妈提供的所有食物。这里含 有一个定语从句，先行词是all the food,关系词在从句中作主语，指物，可用that或which,先行词被all 所修饰，只能使用that,不能使用which,且what不能引导定语从句，所以what改成that。第二节书面表达（总分值25分）72.假定你是李华，你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Miss Evans写封邮件，请她帮助指导。邮件内容包括：1 .剧情简介；.指导内容；2 .商定时间地点。注意：1 .词数100左右；.结束语已为你写好。【答案】Dear Miss Evans,How is everything going! I am writing in sincerity to ask you a favor regarding a play we adapted according to the textbook.We'd like to combine your culture with ours by adapting the classic novel The Steamboat for a short English play. The play is set on a big storm after midnight, on the raft down the river navigation, we see a steamboat that is going to sink. We saved a scared boy. However, the adaption is quite a challenge. Having written the English script, we don't want anything inappropriate to spoil the play. So would you please spare some time to review the draft script attached to this email and make necessary changes? If it is convenient, may I pay you a visit at your office next Tuesday to give you more details?Given your busy schedule, I'd be very appreciative if you offer to give some professional advice. Look forward to your early reply. Best regards!Yours truly,Li Hua【解析】分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，请求外教Miss Evans对于?the Steamboat?改编短剧的支 持。【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时，一般过去时和一般将来时。结构：总分总法第一段说明写这封邮件 目的；第二段详细说明英语戏剧的剧情介绍和指导内容细节问题；第三段表达感 谢，并期待早日得到回复。第二步洌提纲重点词组）write to； according to ； combine ； adaption ； challenge； attached to ； convenient第三步：连词成句根据提示及关键词组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇衔接词连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要标准清晰。第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言标准，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。 作者在范文中使用 了较多主从复合句，如：If it is convenient, may I pay you a visit at your office next Tuesday to give you more details?这句话运用了 if引导的条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的 驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次清楚，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。听下面一段较长对话，答复以下小题。6. What does Bill often do on Friday night?A. Visit his parents.B. Go to the movies.C. Walk along Broadway.7. Who watches musical plays most often?A. Bill.B. Aarah.C. Bill's parents.【答案】6.B7.B【解析】【原文】此题听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，答复以下小题。8. Why does David want to speak to M汰e?A. To invite him to a party.B. To discuss a schedule.C. To call off