专题20-Unit2写作与阅读（教师版）--2021-2022学年英语初升高衔接大串讲（牛津译林版2020）.docx

Unit2写作与阅读建议信1 .建议信是向收信人对某事提出写信人的建议或忠告，可以是写给个人的也可以是写给单位或机构的。2 .建议信要写出提建议的理由、建议的内容以及如果被采纳可能会出现的积极结果。建议信的写作要简明 扼要，目的明确，具有合理性和说服力。3 .建议信的写作步骤：首段：表明写作意图，陈述事由。主体段落：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体建议或忠告。 结尾段：对提出的建议进行总结，展望建议被采纳后的良好结果并表达希望。常用表达：1. I'm sorry to hear that you are going through.2. It is natural that many teenagers.3. Firstly, you'd better communicate with other students more often.4. Secondly, join in activities and discussions held in your class.5. Lastly, it's a good idea for you to do.6. I hope the advice will be of great help to you.7. I'm sure that you will cheer up and solve the problem. 写作模板Dear （收信人），I understand your feelings.（陈述事由）.But don't be unhappy.Try these pieces of advice and see if they help.First, （第一条建议）.（第 一条建议的理由）.Second, （第二条建议），for example （第二条 建议的理由）.Besides, （第三条建议）.I hope you will find my advice helpful.I wish you all （he best（祝愿）.Yours,（写信人）假如你是李华，你的好朋友Mary因搬家换了一所新学校，因不知如何结交新朋友而感到苦恼。请你根 据下面的提示写一封建议信。1 .表示理解与同情；2 .提出建议；3 .表达祝愿。注意：1.开头和结尾已给出；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步审题谋篇审题写作要求是写一封建议信，写作时应注意下面几点：1 .确定文体：这是一封建议信。写作时应注意建议信的写作特点。2 .主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。3 .主体人称：由于是写一封建议信，所以人称应该以第二人称和第三人称为主。谋篇第一段：开门见山，引入主题。第二段：具体提出建议。第三段：进行总结，表示祝愿。第二步遣词造句核心词汇1 .做某事有困难 have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.2 .没有必要做某事 There is no need to do sth.3 . 和交流 communicate wilh.接受某人的建议take sb.'s advice连词成句.没有必要担心结交新朋友。There is no need lo be anxious aboui making new friends.1 .许多青少年发现他们在新的环境中遇到同样的情况。Many teenagers find they meet the same situation when in a new environment.2 .你最好接受我的建议。You'd better take my advice.3 .这个问题很容易解决。The problem is easy lo solve.第三步句式升级.用原因状语从句合并句1、2There is no need to be anxious about making new friends, because many【eenagers find【hey meel ihe same situation when in a new environment.1 .用条件状语从句合并句3、4The problem is easy lo solve, if you lake my advice.第四步组句成篇用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。【答案】Dear Mary,I'm sorry to hear that you are having trouble making new friends in your new school.There is no need to be anxious about making new friends, because many teenagers find they meet the same situation when in a new cnvironincnt.The problem is easy to solve, if you take my advice.First of alb communicate with your classmates more often.As it may help you develop a close relationship with them.Besides» why not join in activities and dicussions held in your class? If you do Ihis, you can make friends easily.Last but not least» it is a good idea to help others whenever possible.Hope my advice will be of great help to you.Yours，Li Hua阅读天天练阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASunrise HikeSaturday, October 21,6 : 45 am7 : 45 amEnjoy sunrise from the hilltop as you learn about wildlife, plants, history and forest.Ages 8 and up； under 18 with an adult.To register（报名）by phone, call 630-933-7248.Meet in （he parking lot on the west side of Greene Road south of 79th Street.Dress for the weather, wear comfortable shoes and bring water.Trick Or TreatSaturday, October 28,9 : 00 am 11 I 30 amYou and your family are invited to join the YMCA for a Halloween hike up Badger Mountain ! Make sure to wear your Halloween cosiumes（戏装）！Free shirts for the first 200 kids registered.Remember to take away your shirt by 11 : 30 am or it will be given away.Cost： Trick Or Treat is a FREE event.Discovery HikeThursday, October 26,1 : 00 pm4 : 00 pm; Ages 3 8Fall is pumpkin time.Listen to a pumpkin story and learn how pumpkins grow.Then we will head out on the path in search of a little pumpkin just for you and maybe, we will find the great pumpkin along the way.Cost： $7 per child.Harvest Day CampMonday, October 31,8 : 00 am5 * 00 pmHarvest Camp is an opportunity for children aged 5- 13 to find the wonder of autumn at Keystone Science School and enjoy all the fun the Halloween season offers.We'll explore the ways our natural environment has changed from summer to fall.As always, our programming is focused on building skills, knowledge and confidcnce.Cost： S0.00.语篇解读这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了在秋季，为孩子们准备的一些有趣的活布What do these activities have in common?A. They are designed only for children.B. They arc held in a mountain.C. They are to celebrate Halloween.D. They all take place in autumn.D【解析】细节理解题。由“Saturday, October 21 ； Saturday, October 28； Thursday, October 26： Monday,October 31”可知，这些活动有一个共同点，就是都在秋天举行，故选D。1. In which activity might children get free clothes?A. Sunrise Hike.B. Discovery Hike.C. Harvest Day Camp.D. Trick Or Treat.D(解析】细节理解题。由 Trick Or Treat 中的“Free shirts for the first 200 kids registered.“可知，在 Trick Or Treat 活动中，孩子们可能会获得免费的衣服，故选D。2. What can children do on the last day of October?A. Listen to a pumpkin story.B. Hike with their parents.C. Enjoy the beauty of autumn.D. Learn about wildlife and forest.C【解析】细节理解题。由文章最后的“Monday, October 3 l,Ut4We,ll explore the ways our natural environment has changed from summer to fall”可知，我们将探索自然环境从夏季到秋季的变化。由此可知，在10月的最 后一天，孩子们可以欣赏秋天的美丽，故选C。BHave you ever thought of taking a train and having an adventure ? Riding the train can be a real adventure.That is how I feel every time I (ake Amtrak.I often (ake a fbur-hour trip to visit my children.Every lime I take this trip I never know what will happen.Last week when I was on the train and over an hour into the train ride, there was a man sitting by himself in the back of the train carrying on a mobile phone conversationin another language.lt was loud and disturbed most of the people on the train.! think it was annoying.Fortunately, I sat next to a wonderful old lady who was taking a two-day trip by train.She said her two daughters were distraught at the thought of her driving for three days to reach her home, although she had no trouble driving.The train ride was the only choice for her.She loved to look out of the window and watch the world go by on (he train.She was fun to talk to and asked me when my children started being parents.That is a very good question.Both of us are old and have children.She asked that same question from time to time.There are always many people on the train from all walks of life, different countries, and many languages.Riding the train is a great way to increase your knowledge and take in all kinds of cultures.If you get hungry, you can buy food in (he food car at any time.If you need to use the restroom there is always one available.It sure beats driving the car, which has to stop for food and restrooms. A nd it is better than taking the bus.语篇解读作者在本文中介绍了乘坐火车时的经历，认为乘坐火车是一次很好的文化体验。3. According to (he passage, the purpose of the author train ride was .A. to do businessto see her childrenB. to visit places of interestto see her old friendsB【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第四句"I often take a four-hour trip to visit my children.”可知，作者坐火车 去看望孩子们。故选B。4. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “distraughi" in Paragraph 3?A. Disappointed.B. Satisfied.C. Worried.D. Pleased.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，此处句意为：虽然老太太开车没有问题，但是两个女儿一 想到她要开车三天才到家，就会感到。根据常识可知，此处意为“担心”。故选C。5. Which of the following is TRUE about the old lady sitting next to the author?A. She is too old to drive now.B. She does not like to take trains.C. Although she is old» she has a good memory.D. Her daughters live far away from her home.D 解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“al the thought of her driving for three days to reach her home”可推知， 女儿们住得很远。故选D。6. What is the best title for this passage?A. Train RideA Cultural ExperienceA Painful Experience on the TrainB. The History of AmtrakA Wonderful LadyA【解析】标题归纳题。根据全文的介绍以及倒数第二段第二句"Riding the train is a great way to increase your knowledge and take in all kinds of cultures.”可知，本题答案为 A。CYour house may have an effect on your figure.Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people arc often less self-conscious（难为情）when they're in poorly lit placesand so more likely to cat lots of food.If your home doesn't have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study» people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry.So when it's time to repaint, go blue.Don't forget the clock-or the rad io. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories（卡路里） per meal than those who rush through their mcals.Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while you're at it, actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down> turn on relaxing music.lt makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one» total intake（摄入） jumps by 14 pcrccnt.And we'll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a talk skinny glass. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。当你在家里吃饭的时候，有没有担心自己吃得越来越多，正在变胖？快来看 看吧，家里的环境，包括窗户和灯的亮度、墙壁的颜色以及吃饭的速度等都可以影响你的饮食。也许使你肥 胖的罪魁祸首就在你的家里！7. The text is especially helpful for （hose who care about.A. their home comfortsB. their body shapeC. house buyingD. healthy dietsB【解析】推理判断题。根据文章首句“Your house may have an effect on your figure.”以及下面几个段落中提 到的建议可知，本文是关于如何不变胖的，所以那些“关心自己体形的人”会觉得本文特别有帮助，故选B 项。8. A home environment in blue can help people.A. digest food betterB. reduce food intakeC. burn more caloriesD. regain their appetitesB【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room ”可知，人们在蓝色的房间里吃饭，要比在黄色或者红色的房间里少吃33%的食 物，故B项“减少食物摄入量”正确。1（）. What are people advised to do at mealtimes?A. Eat quickly.B. Play fast music.C. Use smaller spoons.D. Turn down the lights.C 解析细节理解题。根据最后段中的“When wc choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake（摄入） jumps by 14 percent”可知，应使用较小的汤匙，故C项正确。11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Is Your House Making You Fat?B. Ways of Serving DinnerEffects of Seif-ConsciousnessC. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?A【解析】标题归纳题。短文首句即为主题句：房子可能影响住户的身材。接下来介绍了墙壁的颜色、房间 的亮度、吃饭的速度以及吃饭时使用的器皿大小等都与一个人的身材有关。因此A项“你的房子正在让你发 胖吗？ ”最适合作文章的标题。第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everybody gets angry, but oui-of-control anger isn't good for you or （hose around you.So here are five simple strategies to help you learn how to manage your anger：,Relax.Breathe deeply, from your stomach. 1 Repeat it to yourself and visualize a relaxing time and experience. Change the way you think.When you're angry, your thinking can get exaggeraled（夸大的）.2 Forinstance, instead of telling yourself, “Oh, it's terrible! Everything's ruined, tell yourself» "It's understandable that Fm upset about it, but it's not the end of the world. 3 Statements like “This never works." or "You're always forgetting things., will make you feel your anger is justified（合乎情理的）and there's no way to solve the problcm.Thcy might upset people who might be willing to work with you on a solution. Have a better communication.Angry people tend to jump to conclusions.If you are in a heated discussion, slow down. 4 And take your time before answering.Instead of saying the first thing that comes into your head, think carefully about what you want to say.,Use humor.Psychologists say that highly angry people tend to think “things ought to go my way! ” “Silly humor” can help you get a more balanced perspective.So, when you feel that anger coming the next time, picture yourself as a king or queen, walking around, admired by everybody, and getting your own way in every situation.Thc more detail you can get into your imaginary scenes, the more likely it is to put a smile on your face. 5A. Be careful with words like “never" or "always”.B. Listen carefully to what the other person is saying.C. Try replacing these thoughts with more reasonable ones.D. Avoid using these strategies when you're in a tense situation.E. Then slowly repeat a calm word or phrase such as "lake it easy”.F. Try changing the topics so your talks won't turn into arguments.G. That will help you realize that the things you're angry about arc really not very important.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章就如何管理自己的愤怒给出了五条建议。1. E【解析】E项(然后慢慢地重复一个词或一句话，例如“放轻松和下文“Repeat it to yourself and visualize a relaxing time and experience.”承接自然，该句的“it”指代 E 项中的“a calm word or phrase”，且两句中的 repeat 属于原词复现。故选E项。2. C 【解析】C下文的“举个例子来说，不要告诉你自己，太糟糕了！ 一切都毁了！ 而要说，我对它感到 失落是可以理解的，但这绝对不是世界末日。可知，C项(尝试用更合理的想法代替被夸大的想法)承接自 然，故选C项。3. A【解析】A项(小心使用“从不”或“总是”这样的词)和下文“像，这是没用的，或者，你总是忘记事情，的说 法会让你觉得你的愤怒是合乎情理的并且没有办法解决这个问题''承接自然，该句是对答案的进一步说明。 故选A项。4. B【解析】B项(仔细听别人说了什么)和下文“在回答之前慢慢来”承接自然。先仔细听，然后再回答， 符合事情的发展逻辑和语境。故选B项。5. G【解析】上文“你放入想象场景里的细节越多，你就越有可能面带微笑”和G项(这会帮你意识到你所生 气的事其实并没有那么重要)承接自然，符合语境，G项中的that指代前文提到的幽默方式。故选G项。 第三节 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China held a meeting 1. Tuesday morning at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing to praise role models in the country's fight against the COVID-19 epidemic.The Medal of the Republic was conferred on a famous respiratory disease expert Zhong Nanshan.Thc 2. (nation) honorary liile, “ihe People's Hero, “ was conferred on Zhang Boli,3- expert who was responsible for the research of the COVID-19 treatment plan 4.(combine) traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, Zhang Dingyu, head of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital> and Chen Wei, a military medical scientist 5. made major achievements in the development of vaccine and protective medicine.“I would like to 6.(sincere) thank the Party and the state for granting this honor to us four medical 7. (worker), “ Zhong said/'There should be no relaxation 8.China won victory al the beginning of the COVID-19 fight and I promise 9.(work) together with colleagues around the country and the world." In addition, 1,499 persons,500 groups, 186 CPC members and 150 primary-level Party organizations 10. (praise) for their roles in fighting the epidemic.语篇解读这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲了周二上午，中国在北京人民大会堂举行会议，表彰在抗击新冠肺 炎疫情中的榜样。文章列举了包括钟南山在内的一些受到表彰的人选，以及钟南山的一些讲话。1. on【解析】考查介词。根据后文“Tuesday morning”可知表示“在某一天的早上”应用介词on。故填on。2. national【解析】考查形容词。修饰后文名词title,应用形容词national,作定语。故填national。3. an【解析】考查冠词。expert为可数名词，此处表示泛指，因其发音以元音音素开头，故应用不定冠词 an,故填an。4. combining【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，combine在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑 主语plan构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语。故填combining。5. who/that考【解析】查定语从句。此处为定语从句，修饰先行词a military medical scientist,且先行词在 从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who或that引导该从句。故填who/that。6. sincerely【解析】考查副词。修饰后文动词thank,应用副词sincerely,作状语。故填sincerely。7. workers【解析】考查名词的数。worker为可数名词，由four修饰，故填workers。