2022年北京市顺义区中考一模英语试题（附答案）.docx

顺义区2022年初中学业水平考试第一次统一练习英语试卷学校 班级 姓名 准考证号考生须知1 .本试卷共10页，总分值60分，考试时间90分钟。2 .在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校、班级、姓名和准考证号。3 .试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4 .在答题上上，选择题、作图题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5 .考试结束，将答题卡交回。第一局部本局部共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最正确选项。一Is this your mother's car?No.car is blue.A. MyB.HisC. HerD. Your1题答案【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意： 这是你妈妈的车吗？ 不是。她的车是蓝色的。考查代词。My我的；His他的；Her她的；Your你的。根据“Is this your mother's car”可知下文指的是“妈妈 的”车，用物主代词her。应选C。2 . 一When is World Reading Day?It's April 23rd every year.A. onB. atC. ofD. in【2题答案】【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：世界读书日是什么时候？ 每年的4月23号。考查介词。on在（某一天）；at在（某一时刻）；of的；in在（某年、月、季节）。空格后是具体的某一 天，介词用on。应选A。3 .do you like pandas?reduce the worries.”可知志愿者要告诉人们接种疫苗的重要性并帮助减少担忧。应选B。My First MarathonMARATHONA month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.I remember back to my seventh year in school. In my first PE class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn't do either well. He later told me that I was "not athletic”.The idea that I was “not athletic“ stuck with me fbr years. When I started running at the age of 18,1 realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills （意志力）!The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn't even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces （鞋带）became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!At mile 3,1 passed a sign: "GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!”By mile 17,1 became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.By mile 21,1 was starving!As I approached mile 23,1 could see my parents waving a sign. They are my biggest fans. They never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a. m. or questioned my costs on running.I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in the first place had.Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels （世俗标签）can now call myself a "marathon winner”.24. A month before the marathon, the writer.B. felt scaredA. was well trainedD. lost hopeD. lost hopeB. He gave up halfway.D. He walked to the end.C. hurt his ankleHow was the writer's first marathon?A. He made it.C. He won the first place.25. The story mainly tells us thatrunning experience is necessaryA. training a lot makes us powerfulwinning a race brings us a lot of funD having strong wills is the key to success【2426题答案】【答案】【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在参加马拉松之前脚踝受伤，但仍然继续训练，作者通过这篇文章告诉我们： 胜利者是意志坚强的人。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.”可知，作者的脚踝受伤了，应选 C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“I was one of the final runners to finish, ad.”可知,作者跑完了马拉松,他做到了，应选A。 【26题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者在参加马拉松之前脚踝受伤，但仍然继续训练，作 者通过这篇文章告诉我们：胜利者是意志坚强的人，因此选项“having strong wills is the key to success”符合 句意，应选D。CWe've known that sitting fbr long periods of time every day has countless health consequences （后果）,like a higher risk of heart disease. But now a new study has found that sitting is also bad for your brain.A study published last week, conducted by Dr.Prabha Siddarth at the University of California, showed that sedentary （久坐不动的）behavior is related to reduced thickness of the medial temporal lobe （中颐叶），a brain area that is critical to learning and memory.The researchers asked a group of 35 healthy people, aged 45 to 70, about their activity levels and the average number of hours each day spent sitting and then scanned their brains. They found that the subjects who reported sitting for longer periods had the thinnest medial temporal lobes. It means that the more time you spend in a chair, the worse it is for your brain health, resulting in possible damage to learning and memory.What is also interesting is that this study did not find a significant relation between the level of physical activity and thickness of this brain area, suggesting that exercise, even severe（剧烈的）exercise, may not be enough to protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.It then surprisingly turned out that you don't even have to move much to improve cognition （认知）；just standing will do the trick （获得成功）.For example, two groups of subjects were asked to complete a test while either sitting or standing. Participants were asked to name the color, like the word “green“ in blue ink. Subjects thinking on their feet beat those who sat by 3 milliseconds.The cognitive effects of severe physical exercise are well known. But the possibility that standing more and sitting less improves brain health could lower the standard for everyone.I know, this all runs counter to （与背道而驰）received ideas about deep thought, from our grade schoolteachers, who told us to sit down and focus, to Rodin's famous “The Thinker", seated with chin on his hand.They were wrong. You can now all stand up.26. What can we infer from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4?A. Sedentaiy behavior will possibly damage our brain.B. Severe exercise can greatly improve our brain health.C. Brain health has nothing to do with sedentary behavior.D. Severe exercise can protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.27. What is the received idea about deep thought?A. We should stand while thinking.B. Sitting is better when we think.C. More exercise can improve cognition.D. Sitting more is good for our mental health.28. The passage mainly tells us.A. people tend to sit while they are thinkingphysical exercise can improve our brain healthB. standing more and sitting less can make our brain healthiersedentary behavior will increase the thickness of the medial temporal lobe2729题答案】【答案】27. A28. B29. C【解析】【导语I本文介绍了久坐的危害以及有关久坐的研究。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据"They found that the subjects who reported sitting for longer periods had the thinnest medial temporal lobes.”可知久坐会让大脑的中颐叶变薄，因此久坐可能会破坏我们的大脑。应选A。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“I know, this all runs counter to received ideas about deep thought, from our grade school teachers, who told us to sit down and fbcus, to Rodin?s famous "The Thinker seated with chin on his hand.“可知 之前我们接受有关深思的观点都是坐着思考。应选B。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据"But the possibility that standing more and sitting less improves brain health could lower the standard for everyone'可知多站少坐会改善大脑健康。应选C。Handwriting is gradually becoming a dying art. Most college students type nearly everything. Elementary and high schools across the country now view typing courses as the main choice. But what are we losing as handwriting loses its significance （重要'性）in society? It's brain power, according to some studies.Researchers from Princeton University and the University of California conducted a series of studies to prove the differences between students who wrote out their notes and those who typed notes. Participants （参与者）took notes on a lecture using one of the two methods and were tested on the material 30 minutes after the lecture and again a week later. The results of the research appeared in Psychological Science. The authors of the study noted that, while past studies on this topic tended to focus on the distractions （干扰）that resulted from using a computer, in this study, participants were using the laptops only to take notes. And handwriting still emerged as （成为）the champion.That's not to say that typing doesn't have its benefits. Clearvue Health recently took a deep dive into the findings of a study to assess pros and cons （评估利弊）of writing and typing. The typists could copy down significantly more words than the writers. But while more of the lecture's content was retained in the computer when typing. The teststhat the participants took proved this. On the test 30 minutes after the lecture, typists and writers did more or less equally well on questions about the basic facts of the lecture, but typists faltered （结巴）when it came to more conceptual questions. Students who take handwritten notes need to quickly process the lesson and rewrite it in a way they can understand, giving them an advantage in remembering new concepts （概念）in the long term.As for the later quiz, well, the results were similar. Students with handwritten notes were able to remember and still understand the concepts of the lecture after a week had passed. These participants were also more open to understanding new ideas. Clearly, writing by hand can make you smarter.Computers aren't going away anytime soon, but that doesn't mean paper notebooks need to become obsolete. If your goal is to be able to set down facts, the efficiency of typing might best benefit you. But when it comes to truly dissecting （剖析）information, truly learning from it in the sense of making connections between analyzing the material, and retaining it in the long run, writing by hand is a better choice.29. What can we know about the studies in Paragraph 2?A. The studies were about the advantages of taking notes.B. Participants used two methods to take notes at the same time.C. The results of the studies were published in Psychological Science.D. The studies were only conducted by researchers from Princeton University.30. What can be inferred about typists from Paragraph 3?A. They kept more contents of a lecture in their mind when typing.B. They could copy down more contents of a lecture than writers.C. They could remember new concepts for a long time by typing.D. They did better on questions about the facts of the lecture than writers.31. The word "obsolete" in the last paragraph probably means "A. out of shapeB. out of orderC. out of controlD. out of date32. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Why Handwriting Makes You SmarterWhy Typing Has Become So WidespreadB. Why Typists Take Notes EffectivelyWhy Writers Have Long Term Memory【3033题答案】【答案】30. C31.B32. D33.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了在键盘运用如此广泛的今天，手写依旧彰显出自身的独特魅力和优势：更加简洁、 更具条理、更扣要点、帮助记忆。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据"The results of the research appeared in Psychological Science.”可知，研究结果发表在心理 科学杂志上，应选C。31题详解】细节理解题。根据“The typists could copy down significantly more words than the writers.“可知，打字员能抄写 的字比作家多得多，应选B。【32题详解】词句猜想题。 根据“Computers aren't going away anytime soon, but that doesn't mean paper notebooks need to become obsolete.”可知，电脑不会很快消失，但这并不意味着纸质笔记本需要被淘汰，因此“obsolete”意为“out of date”，应选 D。【33题详解】最正确标题题。what are we losing as handwriting loses its significance （重要性）in society? Ifs brain power, according to some studies."和“Clearly, writing by hand can make you smarter.“可知，书写对我们的脑力有 重要意义，因此"Why Handwriting Makes You Smarter”符合句意，应选Ao第二局部本局部共6题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。四、阅读表达（每题2分，共10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答以下问题。What are some things in your life that give you too much stress? Find out what you can do about it.School Work and GradesAs a student, school work and grades are at the top of your stress list. Even if your school grades are not so bad, you may still fear that you may not do as well as you expect. Heavily learning burden is another cause for worry.Why not take it easy by leaving extra time to study and take frequent breaks to avoid being so tired? Manage your time carefully and do not put things off.Friendships and RelationshipsHave you ever been concerned with not having enough friends, or not being in the same class as your best friends? These, along with other issues（问题）such as peer pressure and interpersonal disagreements and arguments, are other common stress.It is important to know how to choose your circle of friends wisely. Do not "hide" in your own "nest”. Make friends when you join school activities. Make plans to meet with your friends from other classes during break time. Know that everyone is unique and differentdo not compare yourself with others.Poor Diet and Lack of SleepDo you know that eating too much fast food and junk food can lead to mood changes, lack of energy and other negative effects? These convenience food which have less nutrition（营养）may cause other health issues. Some students suffer from sleep problems too. When that happens, they behave poorly in class.Learn to make wise food choices that you can enjoy. Well plan and arrange your daily routine. Completing all school tasks, going to bed at a set time every night. Avoid playing computer games or smartphone before you sleep. Do see a doctor if your sleeping problems continue.33. Whafs at the top of stress list for students?34. Is it important to know how to choose your circle of friends wisely?35. How can you make more friends?36. Why do students behave poorly in class?37. Whafs the stress in your life? How do you deal with it?【3438题答案】【答案】34. School work and grades.35. Yes.36. To make friends when joining school activities.37. Because they suffer from sleeping problems.38. One possible key: Sometimes I suffer from my study. I always ask my friends to give me some advice on doing sports to relax myself.【解析】【导语】本文介绍了几种生活中常见的压力，并就此提出了一些解决方法。【34题详解】根据"As a student, school work and grades are at the top of your stress list."可知，作为一名学生，学业和成绩是 你压力清单上的首位。故填School work and grades.【35题详解】根据"It is important to know how to choose your circle of friends wisely.”可知，知道如何明智地选择朋友圈是很 重要的。故填Yes.【36题详解】根据"Make friends when you join school activities.”可知，可以在参加学校活动时交朋友。故填To make friends when joining school activities.【37题详解】根据"Some students suffer from sleep problems too. When that happens, they behave poorly in class.“可知， 些 学生也有睡眠问题，当这种情况发生时，他们在课堂上的表现很差。iM Because they suffer from sleeping problems.38题详解】此题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：Sometimes I suffer from my study. I always ask my friends to give me some advice or do sports to relax myself.五、文段表达（10分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中 已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目39.阅读是成长的基石，阅读让人生精彩。为助力打造“书香校园”，你校英语社团正在举办以“热爱阅读”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用 英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你通常读什么书，以及阅读给你带来的好处。提示词语： knowledge, improve, meaningful提示问题： What do you usually read? What benefits have you got from reading?There is no doubt that reading plays an important role in our life.【39题答案】【答案】例文There is no doubt that reading plays an important role in our life. I like reading very much, especially books about history, and benefit a lot from it.Firstly, I gain plenty of knowledge about history which opens my eyes. Besides, through reading, I know a lot of famous people in our history. Their stories encourage me to face difficulties bravely. In a word, it's meaningful for me to read books. Reading can not only increase my knowledge and experience, but also he