福建省宁德市柘荣第三中学2021-2022学年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析.docx

福建省宁德市柘荣第三中学2021.2022学年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题In order to find better job, he decided to study second foreignlanguage.A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the参考答案：B解析：考查冠词的用法。该题的意思是：为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学 习另外一门外语。第一空表示泛指；第二空用a +序数词+名词表示又一，再一。1. But anyone who is alive in the world of the has some hope: a dogis better off than a dead lion.A. alive; living B. living; alive C. living; live D. live; living参考答案：DThe plan was that the two companies should first reach an agreement on the basic principle, the details _later.A. to be discussed B. discussed C. were discussed D. discussing参考答案：A析】成射分析：雪或独立王格结沟雪近拉立王格结构句:计划是两个公司应该0a本原则达成出议，4 银4后商波从句中的追M可以出，后半m分不是句子，n是拉立主格结恰作状运，砌司不正式表示 将要发生即动作，5«108/«他之样愠麻惟关事.费用禧耽送壬，府以AM（正“选A 【名师点睛】独立主格结构是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词（副）词、或介词短语构成的一种独立成分.该结构不是句子，也不是从句，所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时 态、人称和数的变化,它与其主句之间既不能通过并列连词连接也不能有从句引导词引导， 常用逗号与其主句隔开.独立主格结构在很多情况下可以转化为相应的状语从句或其他状语 形式，但很多时候不能转化为分词形式，因为它内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致.在做 这类题目时一定要小心判断，不能粗心大意.独立主格结构的构成形式独立主格结构的构成方式为：名词普通格或代词主格+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/名 词/形容词/副词/介词短语等.使用独立主格结构是因为出现了与句子主语不致的情况.2. It was never clear the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.A. that B. what C. when D. why参考答案：D【知识点】名词性从句解析：It在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。句意：这名男子没有早 点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。3. Over the past decades, sea ice _in the Arctic as a result of global warming.A. had decreased B. decreased C. has been decreasing D. is decreasing参考答案：Co解析：考查时态。句中有Over the past decades谓语动词用现在完成时或现在完成 进行时。4. Amazing _it is, an astronauts superior position is filled with potential danger.A. when B. if C. unless D. as参考答案：I)Many young people, especially in the UK, tend toa "live now, pay later“ attitudeand they don't have the idea of saving for their old age.A. adaptB.adoptC. adjustD. apply参考答案：BFor the sake of students' health, outdoor activities in some areas late last year because of the smog pollution.A. do not allowB. did not allowC. were not allowedD. are not allowed参考答案：CLife is stressful, and complaining may be considered by many as an extension of being normal.A. urgently B. ly C. casually D. clumsily参考答案：BAmerican Indians about five percent of the U. S. population.A. fill up. B. bring up. C. make up D. set up参考答案：CYou'll find this English map of great in helping you to get round Paris.A. price B. value C. cost D. worth参考答案：B【目的】考查名词的用法。句意：-你会发现这张英语地图在帮助游遍巴黎方面很有价值。A. price价格；B. value价值;C. cost 成本，费用；D. worth 值。Of great value=valuable 有价值的。故选 B。5. If better use is your spare time, you'll make good progress in doing yourbusiness.A. spent B. made of C. used for D. taken参考答案：B13.the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.A. Having given B. Give C. Given D. To give参考答案：C试题分析：考查非谓语动词。如果把句子补充完整就不难看出：If they are given the right kind of training,可知主语 they 即 these teenager soccer players 与 give 之间是被动的关系， 所以用过去分词。根据主、从句主语一致可省略从句主语的原则，连词if也可省，所以得 出 Given the right kind of training, these teenager soccer players.o 故选 C。14. It is said that about 200 million Chinese still do not have to safe drinkingwaler.A. access B. method C. entrance D. condition参考答案：A- I'm sorry I stepped outside fbr a smoke. I was very tired.-There is no for this while you are on duty.A.reason参考答案:B.excuseC. causeD. explanationThe drawings of young children usually lack they make arms too short and legs toolong.A. proportion B. recognition C. intention D. assumption参考答案：A解析句意：小孩的绘画通常比例不协调，他们把胳膊画得太短，腿画得太长。 proportion"比例;部分"；recognition"认出，识别"；intention "打算，意图，计划”； assumption "假定"15. More patients in hospital this year than last year.A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated参考答案：D Why was Professor Zhang unhappy recently?-Because the theory he insisted on wrong.A. proved B. proving C. being proved D. was proved参考答案：二、完型填空19.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意.然后从1一15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do 1 . When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other 2 when you choose your food. You may 3 it because it smells good or because it 4 good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice.Different 5 use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.Although there are many 6 types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda eats only one 7 type of bamboo. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the 8 . A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other 9 in the garden. However, most animals have a more 10 diet. The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The 11 of these animals will be different depending on the season.12 have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it参考答案:参考答案:15 CBCDD 610is 13 for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much 14 . This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal 15 , such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modem life.1. A. malesB. childrenC. humans D. adults2. A. organsB.sensesC. partsD. means3. A. hateB. sellC. likeD. fancy4. A. digestsB. consumesC. touchesD.tastes5. A. creaturesB. mammalsC. peopleD. animals6. A. differentB. rareC. familiarD. unique7. A. typicalB. particularC. specialD. unusual8. A. foodB. mealC. choiceD. diet9. A. flowersB: vegetablesC. fruitsD. branches10. A. variedB. creativeC. randomD. nutritious11. A. fishB. fruitC. dietD. insect12. A. AnimalsB. ChineseC. HumansD. Foreigners13. A. effectiveB. beneficialC. deliciousD. attractive14. A. sugarB. nicotineC. fiberD. alcohol15. A. productsB. attachmentsC. goodsD. subscriptionsABCBA 1115 CCBAA20.完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项飞并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Shopping for clothes is not the same 21 for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is 22 and decided in 23 . He knows what he wants, and his 24 is to find it and buy it. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the 25 can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone's26 . For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants. In that case the salesman tries to sell the customer something else - he offers the nearest to the article 27 . Good salesman brings out such a substitute with 28 : “I know this jacket is not the 29 you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size. It happens to be the _30 you mentioned.Few men have 31 with this treatment, and （he 32 response is: "This is the right colorl and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.”For a woman, buying clothes is always done in the 33 way. Her shopping is not often 34 on need. She has 35 fully decided what she wants, and she is only “having a look round”. She is always 36 to persuasion, willing to try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks 37 her. Most women have an excellent sense of 38 and are always on the look-out for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another 39 coming across the dresses she wants to try on. It is a tiresome process, but obviously a(n) 40 one.21.A.experienceB. effectC. priceD. event22.A. settledB. uncertainC.changeableD. high23.A.detailB.advanceC. hurryD.full24.A.reasonB.needC.dream0.purpose25.A. dealB. argumentC. result0.success26.A.adnessB. amusementC.surprise.satisfaction27.A.askedB. appointedC. storedD. wanted28A.careB.skillC.attention.interest29.A. priceB. styleC. productD.clothes30.A. sizeB. jacketC. color 1D.one31.A.experienceB. moneyC. interestD.patience32.A. ordinaryB. usualC.goodD.most33.A. sameB.similarC.opposite0.different34.A.reliedB.doneC.dependedD.based35.A. alreadyB. neverC. yetD. little36.A. openB. readyC. easyD. hard37.A. performsB. expressesC. suitsD. adapts38.A. valueB. qualityC. clothingD. beauty39.A.afterB. beforeC.asD.by40.A. tiringB.boringC. enjoyableD. peaceful参考答案：21-25 AABDA 26-30 DDBBC 31-35 DBCDB 36-40 ACABC略三、阅读理解Dirty BritainBefore the grass has thickened on the roadside and leaves have started growing on the trees is a perfect time to look around and see just how dirty Britain has become. The pavements are stained with chewing gum that has been spat out and the gutters (the low part at the edge of a road where water collects and flows away:) are full of thrown away fast food cartons. Years ago I remember traveling abroad and being saddened by the plastic bags, waste bottles at the edge of every road. Nowadays, Britain seems to look at least as bad. What has gone wrong?The problem is that the rubbish created by our increasingly mobile lives lasts a lot longer than before. If it is not cleared up and properly thrown away, it stays in the bushes for years; asemi-permanent reminder of what a shabby little country wc have now. Firstly, it is estimated that 10 billion plastic bags have been given to shoppers. These will take anything from 100 to 1,000 years to rot. However, it is not as if there is no solution to this. A few years ago, the Irish government introduced a tax on non-recyclable carrier bags and in three months reduced their use by 90%. When he was a minister, Michael Meacher attempted to introduce a similar arrangement in Britain. The plastics industry protested, of course. However, they need not have bothered; the idea was killed before it could draw breath, leaving supermarkets free to give away plastic bags.What is clearly necessary right now is some sort of combined initiative, both individual and collective, before it is too late. The alternative is to continue sliding downhill until we have acountry that looks like a vast municipal rubbish tip. We may well be at the tipping point. Yet we know that people respond to iheir environment. If things around them are clean and tidy, people behave cleanly and tidily. If they are surrounded by dirt, they behave dirtily. Now, much of Britain looks pretty dirty. What will it look like in five years?76. The writer says that it is a good time to see Britain before the trees have leaves because.A. Britain looks perfect.B. you can see Britain at its dirtiest.C. you can sec how dirty Britain is now. D. the grass has thickened on the roadside.77. . According to the writer, the major problem is that.A. rubbish can not be cleared upB. rubbish lasts longer than it used toC. our society is increasingly mobileD. people in Britain are dirtyWhat can be learned about Michael Meacher?A. He followed the Irish example with a tax on plastic bags.B. He failed in his attempt to introduce a tax on plastic bags.C. His attempt to follow the Irish example with a tax on plastic bags was welcomed.D. He had problems with the plastics industry who weren't bothered about the tax.78. What does the writer state in the last paragraph?A. It's too late for people to take immediate action.B. There is more than one solution to the problem.C. Britain will become an extremely dirty country in five years.D. People tend to behave according to what they see around them.参考答案：CBBD