吉林省通化市梅河口市第五中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

梅河口市第五中学20222023学年度高二上学期期末考试英语试题说明：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第n卷（非选择题）两部分，第I卷1至io页，第n卷io 至12页，共12页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷（选择题，共95分）注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上并将条形码粘贴在粘贴处。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡 上。写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the woman do first?A. Watch a movie.B. Go shopping.C. Visit her mother.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Shall we go to watch a movie this evening?W: I can't agree more. But I have to go to the grocery first to pick up some drinks and eggs fbr mother.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the woman talking about?A. The good weather.B. Her new pct.C. A piece of news.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Nice weather, isn't it? Hey, what are you looking at?W: I'm interested in this news. Say, the newest and the smallest dog can walk in the street and talk with us humans. How interesting!3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What did the woman think of the prints?士说，随着学生们临近毕业，他们看到了这种情况的改善，但有些人似乎一直没有意识到这一点，他们 担心这些学生在大学毕业后将如何处理冲突。）”可知，有些学生可能到毕业都不会解决冲突。故选【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“"Things arc posted on someone's wall on Facebook: Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying/' says Dana Pysz, an assistant director in the office of residential life at the University of California, Los Angeles. "It's a different way to express their conflict to each other, consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public.”（加州大学洛杉矶分校住宿生活办公室助理主任Dana Pysz说：“有 些事情会被贴在某人的Facebook留言板上：哦，我的室友让我通宵学习。” “这是一种表达彼此冲突的 不同方式，随着投诉被公开，结果造成了更多的摩擦。可推断，Dana Pysz认为把冲突放在媒体上解 决，只会使得冲突更严重，所以他是不同意这样的解决问题的方式的。故选B。31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 u Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children's problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. Some parents continue loinlerfereoncampus.（管理人员指出，有些父母在孩子的一生中都在解决他们的问题。现在上了大学，孩 子们缺乏处理小冲突的能力。一些家长继续在校园里干预。）”可推断，文章认为父母应该教会孩子解决 冲突的能力而不是干预。故选C。DWc'vc all faced it at one time or another: after laundry, a messy pile of clean clothes arc waiting hours to be put away. There are plenty of machines that can wash and dry clothes. So why isn't there a way to similarly automate the terrible folding process?Researchers have looked into it over the years and as it turns out, robots just don't do well in folding clothes. As is reported, machines need clear rules in order to function, and it,s hard for them to figure out what exactly is going on in those messy piles-say, where the sweater stops and where the towel begins. In sum. most robots have not generally been equipped fbr the task. But an international group of researchers say their new method could change that, or at least speed up the process.Researchers are calling the new method SpeedFolding. h's a "reliable and efTicient bimanual system”一 meaning it involves two handsthat's able to smooth and fold clothes in record speed for robots. SpeedFolding can fold 30 to 40 pieces of clothing per hour, compared to previous models that averaged 3 to 6 pieces in that same time length, according to researchers.SpeedFolding takes a different approach. Its novel network studied 4,300 human and machine-assisted actions in order to learn how to smooth and fold clothes from a random pattern. That process can involve a number of defined movements including dragging, moving and <lpick-and-place,While researchers describe SpeedFolding as a significant improvement, it's not likely to hit the market anytime soon. For one, researchers tracked down a robot similar （o ihe one they used and found that it sold for $58,000. For another, researchers say there's more they want to explore, including methods with which the robot can learn to work on a novel piece of clothing when given a few demonstrations. But there's always hope that folding in the future will get even neater.32. Why are robots poor at folding clothes?A. It is difficult for them to obey clear human orders.B. They are lacking in enough folding demonstrations.C. They have trouble handling the random patterns of clothes.D. It is difficult for them to remember （he （biding movements.33. What do we know about Speed Folding?A. 1（ can perform more delicate actions.B. It can help with all sorts of housework.C. It can record the working speed accurately.D. It can fold 3 to 6 pieces per hour on average.34. What does （he author think of SpeedFolding?A. It is highly profitable.B. It is no better than the old.C. It has a promising future.D. It will go out of style quickly.35. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Robots Become More IntelligentThe Fastest Ever Folding Robot is HereB. Robots Release People from HouseworkThe Research on the Folding Robot is On【答案】32. A 33. A 34. C 35. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种自动化快速折叠衣服的方法以及折叠机器人的前景。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二自然段"As is reported, machines need clear rules in order to function, and it's hard for them to figure out what exactly is going on in those messy piles-say, where the sweater stops and where the towel begins. In sum, most robots have not generally been equipped for the task.（据报道,机器需要有明确的规则才 能运转，而且它们很难弄清楚那些乱七八糟的堆里到底发生了什么，比如毛衣停在哪里，毛巾从哪里开 始。总之，大多数机器人通常还没有装备完成这项任务。）”可知，机器人不善于折叠衣服是因为他们很 难服从明确的人类命令。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四自然段“That process can involve a number of defined movements including dragging, moving and tlpick-and-placcn.（该过程可能涉及许多定义的移动，包括拖动、移动和“拾取和放置”。）” 可知，SpeedFokling可以执行更精细的动作。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “For another, researchers say there's more they want to explore, including methods with which the robot can learn to work on a novel piece of clothing when given a few demonstrations. But there's always hope that folding in Ihe future will get even neater.（另一方面，研究人员表示，他们还想探索更多的 方法，包括机器人在进行几次演示后可以学习如何处理一件新衣服的方法。但人们总是希望未来的折叠 会变得更整洁。）”可知，作者认为SpeedFokling有一个充满希望的未来。故选C。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二自然段"But an international group of researchers say their new method could change ihat, or least speed up the process.（但个国际研究小组表示，他们的新方法可以改变这情况，或者至 少可以加快这一进程。）”以及最后一段“For another, researchers say there's more they want to explore, including methods with which the robot can learn to work on a novel piece of clothing when given a few demonsiraiions.（另一方面，研究人员表示，他们还想探索更多的方法，包括机器人在进行几次演示后可 以学习如何处理一件新衣服的方法。）”可知，本文主要介绍了一种自动化快速折叠衣服的方法以及折叠 机器人的前景。故D项"The Research on the Folding Robot is On （折叠机器人的研究进展）”最能概括文 章主旨。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分125分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Einstein's Opinions on Creative Thinking“The greatest scientists arc artists as wcll, said Albert Einstein, one of the greatest physicists and an amateur pianist and violinist.For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics. 36 As he told one friend, 44A1I great achievements of science must start from intuitive （直觉的）knowledge. Imagination is more important than knowledge. v37 Surprisingly, it wasn't the content of an idea, or its subject, that detennined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed. If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then il is art. Einstein himself worked intuitively and expressed himself logically. 3839 "If I were not a physicist/' he once said, “I would probably be a musician. I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music. Music provided Einstein with a connection between time and space, which both combine spatial （空间的）and structural aspects. 4tThc theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition J said Einstein. "My parents had me study the violin from the time I was six. 40”Instead, it came from intuition and inspiration.A. My new discovery is the result of musical insight. C. But how did art differ from science for Einstein?D. That's why he said that great scientists were also artists.E. There is no doubt that my theory was a great breakthrough then.F. Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music.G. For Einstein, it was （he humanities that mainly contributed to his achievements.【答案】36. A 37. C 38. D 39. F 40. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了爱因斯坦关于创造性思维的观点。【36题详解】空前说"For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics.（对爱因斯坦来说,洞察力不是来自逻 辑或数学）”可知，空格处应说究竟洞察力是来自于哪里，A选项"Instead, it came from intuition and inspiration相反，它来自直觉和灵感）”说明了洞察力是来自于直觉和灵感，因此承接上文，符合语境。 故选Ao【37题详解】空后说"Surprisingly, it wasn't the content of an idea, or its subject, that detennined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed.（令人惊讶的是，决定一件事是艺术还是科学的，不是思想的内容 或主题，而是思想的表达方式）”，C选项“ But how did art differ from science for Einstein?（但对爱因斯坦 来说，艺术和科学有什么不同呢?）"中的art differ from sciencew和空后的wwhether something was art or science”相呼应，引出了下文关于艺术和科学的区别的论述，因此C选项符合语境。故选C,【38题详解】根据上文 “If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then i（ is art. Einstein himself worked intuitively and expressed himself logically4如果用逻辑的语言来描述所看到的和所经历的，那么它就是科学。如果它能被直观地传达和识 别，那么它就是艺术。爱因斯坦本人工作直觉，表达逻辑）”可知，本句对上文进行总结，指出科学就是 艺术的观点。故D选项“这就是为什么他说伟大的科学家同时也是艺术家”符合语境。故选D。【39题详解】根据卜文“力门 were not a physicist,5 he once said, would probably be a musician. I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music. "如果我不是物理学家，”他曾说,“我可 能会成为音乐家。我经常用音乐思考、用音乐来看待我的生活。我从音乐中得到生活中最大的乐趣。“）”可知,音乐对爱因斯坦帮助很大,FwEinstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music.（爱因斯坦还把他的科学洞察力和直觉主要归功于音乐）”说明了音乐对爱因斯坦的帮助很 大，引起下文，符合语境。故选F。【40题详解】根据上文 “The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition（我是凭直觉想到相对论的，而音乐就是这种直觉背后的推动力）”可知，B选项"My new discovery is the result of musical insight.（我的新发现是音乐洞察力的结果）”承接上文，说明了爱因斯坦是 靠音乐才有了新发现，和本段音乐对他的帮助的主题相符合，符合语境。故选B。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When Pete Eckert started going blind, he decided to channel his feelings of loss into art. In his 20s at the time, Eckert would spend whole days preparing drawings and woodcuts before asking his wife to 41 （he results to him. But the process was driving his wife 42. So, in search of a more instant medium, he 43his hand to photography.“When I started out digital cameras hadn't wiped out（摧毁）traditional photography shops yet,“ Eckert saidon the phone from his home in Sacramento, California. UI would go to those photography shops and buy two rolls of film and ask ten 44 questions. I went every day. And by asking questions and getting 45, Ilearned.''More （han two decades after entirely losing his sight from an eye disease, Eckert has 46 a successful career as a self-taught photographer now. When he first 47 the world of photography, Eckert would go on short trips at 48 with his dog for protection. He began by photographing statues, though he soon 49 more interesting subject matter. t4To take photos of sculptures isn't really 50 because theart is already there,“ he said. 44What I was looking fbr was a way of showing what 5is like.”This new focus resulted in a 52 kind of photographic beauty images 53 of ghostlyfigures and artfully vague （模糊的）lines that no one had ever tried before.Eckert's images aren't 54 metaphors （暗喻）for blindness. Many of them have been shot to literally【解析】represent what his mind secs, offering sighted people a clear55into his world.41. A. predictB. blameC. describeD. recall42. A. crazyB. lonelyC. worriedD. disappointed43 A. gaveB. lentC. turnedD. put44. A. academicB. professionalC. difficultD. important45. A. comparisonB. instructionC. extensionD. expectation46. A. establishedB. introducedC. spottedD. ruined47. A. put up withB. stood up forC. set foot inD. took charge of48. A. midnightB. noonC. nightD. dusk49. A. soughtB. inventedC. acceptedD. examined50. A. newB. hardC. fairD. easy51. A. kindnessB. blindnessC. happinessD. loneliness52. A. crucialB. remarkableC. uniqueD. practical53. A. comprisedB. accusedC. warnedD. cleared54. A. hardlyB. simplyC. rarelyD. entirely55. A. reasonB. targetC. peakD. view【答案】41.C 42. A43. C 44. B45. B 46. A 47. C48. C 49. A 50. C51.B 52. C 53. A54.B 55. D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文主要讲述了失明的PctcEckcrt用自己独特的摄影方法真实地再现了他的思 想所见，让有视力的人可以清楚地看到他的世界。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在20多岁的时候，埃克特会花一整天时间准备绘画和木刻，然后让妻子向他 描述结果。A. predict预测；B. blame责备；C. describe描述；D. recall回想起。根据上文“When Pete Eckert started going blind"以及"the results to him”可知,埃克特会花一整天时间准备绘画和木刻,然后 让妻子向他描述结果。故选C项。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这个过程让他的妻子抓狂。A. crazy疯狂的；B. lonely孤独的；C.worried 担忧的；D. disappointed 失望的。根据下文 “So, in search of a more instant medium, he 3his hand to photography.n可知，但这个过程让他的妻子抓狂，所以他去寻找一种更即时的媒介。故选A 项。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，为了寻找一种更即时的媒介，他转向了摄影。A.gave给；B.kmt借； C. turned 转向;D. put 放。根据上文 “So, in search of a more instant medium ”可知,因此，为 了寻找一种 更即时的媒介，他转向了摄影。故选C项。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会去那些摄影店，买两卷胶卷，问十个专业问题。A. academic学术的：B. professional 专业的：C. difficult 困难的：D. imporiant 重要的。根据下文“Eckert has 6 a successful career as a self-taught photographer now."可知，他问的是十个专业问题。故选 B 项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:通过提问和指导,我学会了摄影。A. comparison比较;B. instruction指示;C. extension延伸；D. expectation期望。根据上文“by asking questions”可知,通过提问和指导。故选B 项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意：20多年前，埃克特因眼疾完全失明，如今，他已成为名自学成才的摄影 师，取得了成功。A. established建立:B. introduced介绍;C. spotted发现;D. ruined毁灭。根据下文“a successful career as a self-taught photographer”可知，如今，他已成为一名自学成才的摄影师，取得了成 功。故选A项。【47题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当他第一次涉足摄影界，埃克特会在晚上和他的狗一起短途旅行以寻求 保护。A. put up with 忍受：B. slood up for 支持：C. set fool in 进入；涉足于；D. look charge of 负责。根 据“first”以及u the world of photography 0可知，当他第一次涉足在摄影界，埃克特会在晚上和他的狗一 起短途旅行以寻求保护。故选C项。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他第一次涉在摄影界，埃克特会在晚上和他的狗一起短途旅行以寻求保 护。A. midnight 半夜;B. noon 中午;C. night夜晚;D. dusk 黄昏。根据"for protection”可知,埃克特 会在晚上和他的狗一起短途旅行以寻求保护。选项中，night最贴切语境。故选C项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从拍摄雕像开始，他很快就开始寻找更有趣的题材。A. sought寻找；B. invented 发明；C. accepted 接受；D. examined 检查。根据上文 “He began by photographing statuesn 可 知，他从拍摄雕像开始，他很快就开始寻找更有趣的题材。故选A项。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为雕塑拍照并不公平，因为艺术已经存在了。A.new新的；B.hard困难 的；C. fair公平的;D. easy容易的°根据下文“because the art is already there”可知,为雕塑拍照并不公 平。故选C项。51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想要的是一种展示失明的方式。A. kindness善良；B. blindness失明；C. happiness 快乐；D. loneliness 孤独。根据上文"When Pete Eckert started going blind”以及下文 "Many of them have been shot to literally represent what his mind sees, offering sighted people a cicar 15 into his world."可知，他想要的是一种展示失明的方式。故选B项。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种新的焦点产生了一种独特的摄影美一一由幽灵般的人物和艺术模糊的 线条组成的图像,以前从未有人尝试过。A. crucial至关重要的；B. remarkable引人注目的;C. unique独 一无二的；D. practical 切实有效的。根据下文"images 13 of ghostly figures and artfully vague （模糊的）lines that no one had ever tried before.”可知，这种新的焦点产生了一种独特的摄影美。故选C 项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种新的焦点产生了一种