解析：2023届陕西省榆林市高三上学期一模英语试题.docx

榆林市20222023年度高三第一次模拟检测英语试题考生注意：1 .本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。2 .请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上 的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. f 19. 15.B.£9. 18. C. £ 9. 15.答案是C.1. Why is the man leaving early?A. He wants to avoid a traffic jam.B. He isn't interested in the movie.C. He doesn't know the way to the theater.2. How did the woman feel just now?A. Scared.B. Bored.C. Excited.3. Where docs the conversation most probably take place?C. In a classroom.C. At 6:45.A. In a shop.B. In a kitchen.4. When will the speakers meet?A. At 6:30.B. At 7:00.5. Who might Freddy be?A. The speakers' son. B. The speakers' landlady.C. The speakers' pet.第二节（共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）think dearly-even luck.2（）A. IQ plays a role in how successful we become.B. IQ is a measure of a person's reasoning ability.C. Every student can learn, no matter how intelligent.D. Intelligence helps, but so does interest and patience.E. It's tempting fbr people to read a lot into someone's IQ score.F. In a word, intelligence matters, but not as much as you might think.G. Many colleges and universities also use exams similar to IQ tests to select students.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共20小题;每小题1. 5分,满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。Tommy Price, 27, was running through Halls Fell Ridge in the Lake District with his friend Max Saleh, 26. 21 、the lifeguard run was stopped when he suffered a life- threatening episode（发病）-finding himself face down on the 22Temperatures had been at 23 point all day with strong winds and snow as Tommy took a turn for the 24 . As the pair's phones were short of battery, Max made the brave 25 to put Tommy in an emergency survival bag and run for help.When Max 26 his best friend, he was clinically dead fbr up to three hours and 20 minutes. Tommy suffered a sudden cardiac arrest （心脏骤停）caused by severe27 temperature as his body temperature dropped below I9 on January 6. Keswick Mountain Rescue Team 28 Max's raised alarm and went to investigate, amied with warm29 and snacks. Around 20 minutes up Hall's Fell, two responders discovered Tommy's survival 30 empty. They continued to find him lying face 31 further up the trail and unresponsive. They found the man was 32to all appearances. But they did all they could totreat Tommy. Along with a team doctor, they33 him to a hospital in Newcastle. Five dayslater he 34 . asking what had happened and warning a glass of coke.Tommy has made a good 35 . but he has severe nerve damage in his hands and feet. He is now running the London Marathon in October to 36 money for Keswick Mountain Rescue试卷第10页，共13页and the team who saved his life. He thanked his 37 very much. He said, “If it weren't for Max getting down the 38 and getting MRT to me as soon as possible, who knows if Td be here today. ”The rescuers have 39 daring runners to always pack spare clothes and a sun ival bag if running in extreme conditions-calling it a 40 of life or death.21.A. InsteadB.HoweverC. ThereforeD.Thus22.A. groundB.bedC. airD.water23.A. boilingB.turningC. freezingD.folding24.A. futureB.pastC. betterD.worse25.A. explanationB.decisionC. preparationD.promise26.A. desertedB.metC. leftD.lost27.A. hotB.coldC. highD.low28.A. receivedB.ignoredC. heardD.witnessed29.A. clothesB.hatsC. socksD.trousers30.A. placeB.bagC. walletD.material31.A. inB.upC. outD.down32.A. helplessB.homelessC. lifelessD.hopeless33.A. ledB.rushedC. accompaniedD.pulled34.A. lay downB.came overC. got upD.woke up35.A. recoveryB.examinationC. commentD.ending36.A. spendB.earnC. raiseD.save37.A. friendB.doctorC. teamD.family38.A. townB.villageC. cityD.mountain39.A. threatenedB.urgedC. allowedD.ordered40.A. timeB.wayC. matterD.question第二节(共1()小题;每小题1. 5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Trees absorb carbon from the atmosphere, in the form of carbon dioxide. A living tree is thus41 important storage site for carbon 42 might otherwise be added to the levels of carbon dioxide in (he atmosphere. And a big, living tree matters even 43 (muchHo (he atmosphere.However, when scientists try to understand the importance of the carbon storage44 (current) provided by plants, and the effects of a number of human 45 (activity) on the carbon cycle, they arc faced with the fact that there arc no direct measurements of carbon cycling from the pre-industrial period.A new study, 46 (publish) today in (he journal Science, seeks 47 (till) this knowledge gap using the assemblages of fossil pollen(花粉化石)in the soil as an indication of woody vegetation biomass in the past. An international team of scientists 48 (use) fossil pollen data to reconstruct the natural pace and pattern of carbon storage in the forests of the Midwestern U. S. over the past 10, 00() years. Their findings cast a new light on how landscapes can 49(manage) to maximize carbon storage while also meeting conservation goals. Theirwork painted a vivid picture of 50 forests have changed over this time. The researchers found that, after an initial post-glacial decline, woody biomass nearly doubled during the last 8, 000 years.第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I began to learn English at 10 years old, where I was still in primary school. In a fact, I was having much trouble with English then. I wasn't good at it until I gone to senior high school last year. One day, I went to my English teacher office. My English teacher was rather strict, but I needed help. As she was attempting explain a problem, I said in a low voice that I was too stupid to understanding it. To my surprise, she gentle replied, "Don't say that. It's not because you are试卷第12页，共13页 stupid but because you are not familiar to it?' I often think about what she said, which allows myself （o see things from a different angle. Now she is one of my favorite teachers. And my English have greatly improved.第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，你的英国交换生同学William今年要在他的寄宿家庭过春节。请你给他 发一封电子邮件。内容包括：1.给他送上新年祝福；2.邀请他到你家做客。注意：1 .词数100左右；.开头和结尾已为你写好。听力 15 AABCC 6-I0BACBC 11-15 BAABC 16-20 CBAAB1. BC2. D【导语】本文是应用文，介绍了适合家庭旅游的几个胜地。【详解】.细节理解题。根据 Woodloch Resort, Pennsylvania 部分中的“Considering meals, drinks and activities are all included, it is worry-free to travel at Woodloch Resom（考虑到饮食，饮料和活动 都包括在内，在伍德洛克度假村旅游是无忧无虑的。）“可知，Woodloch Resorl提供包括餐饮 和活动的全包式服务。故选B。1 .细节理解题。根据 Hull-0 Farms, New York 部分中的“HuU-0 Farms is a 7th-generation family farm. Guests may reserve one of three comfortable houses and participate in farm life as much or as little as they please.（Hull-O农场是第七代家庭农场。只要客人们愿意，他们可以预 订三个舒适的房子之一，并参与农场生活多少。户可知，在Hull-O Farms的客人可以体验农 场生活。故选C。2 .推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A family vacation may be a good opportunity to relax and enjoy ourselves. Destinations nestled in nature with plenty of breathing room and easy access to fresh air are trending. Here are four destinations with an eye towards the great outdoors4家庭度 假可能是一个很好的机会，放松和享受自己。依偎在大自然中的旅游目的地拥有充足的呼吸 空间和便于呼吸的新鲜空气正成为一种趋势。这里有四个目的地，着眼于伟大的户外活动。）” 可知，本文介绍了适合家庭旅游的几个胜地。由此可推知，在旅游指南上可以读到这篇文章。故选D。3. BD4. CA【导语】答案第1页，共13页 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了登山者SarayN，kusiKhumalo,这位赞比亚出牛的两个孩 子的母亲在一家公司工作，主持播客，爬过世界上最高的一些山，还有时间经营一个专注于 非洲教育的非营利性组织。文章介绍了她的个人经历以及取得的成就。4. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Zambia-born mother of two holds a corporate job. hosts a podcast, has climbed some of (he tallest mountains around the world, and still has the time to run a non- profit organization that focuses on education in Africa.(这位赞比亚出生的两个孩子的母亲 在一家公司工作，主持播客，爬过世界上最高的一些山，还有时间经营一个专注于非洲教育 的非营利性组织厂可知，Khumalo精力充沛。故选B。5. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 2013, she founded Summits With A Purpose in South Africa. With every climb, she raises funds to help build schools and libraries.(2013 年，她在南非创立了 Summits With A Purpose每次攀登，她都会筹集资金帮助建造学校和图书馆)”可知，她成 立Summits With A Purpose是为非洲教育筹集资金。故选D。6. 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Nol long after her first-ever summit, she turned her eyes toward the world's tallest peak: Mt. Qomolangma, located in the Himalayas. The first three attempts were tough and heart- breaking for Khumalo: She experienced everything from natural disasters to losing consciousness in the “death zone"，Qomolangma's top stretch over 8, ()0() meters above sea level, where oxygen is dangerously low.(在她第一次登顶后不久，她就把目光投向了世界最高 峰：位于喜马拉雅山脉的珠穆朗玛峰。前三次尝试对库马洛来说艰难而令人心碎：她经历了 从自然灾害到在“死亡地带''失去意识的一切。珠峰的顶峰海拔超过8000米，那里的氧气含 量低得危险户可知，第三段主要讲了攀登的艰辛。故选C。7. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Near-death accidents and summit failures have not slowed down mountaineer Saray N' kusi Khumalo. The Zambia-born mother of two holds a corporate job, hosts a podcast, has climbed some of the tallest mountains around the world, and still has the lime to run a non- profit organization that focuses on education in Africa.(濒临死亡的事故和登顶失败并没 有让登山者Saray N5 kusi Khumalo放慢脚步。这位赞比亚出生的两个孩子的母亲在一家公司 工作，主持播客，爬过世界上最高的一些山，还有时间经营一个专注于非洲教育的非营利性 答案第2页，共13页组织）”结合文章介绍了她的个人经历以及取得的成就可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍 一位登山先锋。故选A。8. DB9. AC【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍的是一项研究，该研究的目的是试图了解社会如何实现重大的、 变革性的社会变革，特别是解决日益严重的气候变化问题所必需的那种社会变革。8. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“New research suggests that social change may depend on the relationship between beneficial behaviors and policies.（新的研究表明，社会变革可能取决于有 益行为和政策之间的关系。）“可知，社会变革取决于行为和政策之间的关系。故选D。9. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The research, conducted by the University of Maine, University of Vermont and Uni versite Laval in Quebec, Canada, attempted to understand how society can accomplish major, transformative social change, particularly the kind of social change necessary to solve the growing problem of climate change.（这项由缅因州大学、佛蒙特大学和加拿大魁北 克省拉瓦尔大学共同开展的研究，试图了解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革，特别 是解决日益严重的气候变化问题所必需的那种社会变革。）”可知，该项研究的目的是试图了 解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革即弄清社会的变化。故选B。10. 推理判断题。根据最后段中“In future research, the team aims to apply these types of models to all sorts of beneficial social change, particularly the challenge of tackling climate change4在未来 的研究中，该团队的目标是将这些类型的模型应用于各种有益的社会变革，特别是应对气候 变化的挑战。户可知，该研究接下来将把理论付诸于实践。故选A。11. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The research, conducted by the University of Maine, University of Vermont and Uni versite Laval in Quebec, Canada, attempted to understand how society can答案第3页，共13页 accomplish major, transformative social change, particularly the kind of social change necessary to solve the growing problem of climate change这项由缅因州大学、佛蒙特大学和加拿大魁北 克省拉瓦尔大学共同开展的研究，试图了解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革，特别 是解决口益严重的气候变化问题所必需的那种社会变革。）“可知，本文介绍的是一项研究， 该研究的目的是试图了解社会如何实现重大的、变革性的社会变革，特别是解决口益严重的 气候变化问题所必需的那种社会变革。由此推断，本文出自报纸的社会部分.故选C。12. CB13. A 15. D【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了伐木和火灾导致大面积的热带森林被毁，并分析了原始热 带森林的意义和影响。12. 词句猜测题。根据划线词前“Some of those fires were deliberately lit to clear land （其中一些火 是故意点燃来清理土地的）”可知，句中在分析森林火灾的原因，结合火灾和“climate change” 可知，气候变化因素会助力火灾的发生，会让情况变得更糟。与结合选项，划线词deteriorate 与worsen意思相近,表示“（使）恶化，（使）更糟故选C项。13. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Primary tropical forests in particular arc crucial for the ecological balance of the planet （原始热带森林对地球的生态平衡尤其重要）”可知，原始热带森林在平衡 地球生态方面特别重要。故选B项。14. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Seymour 的话“When deforestation happens, when forests are lost, it not only contributes carbon to the atmosphere, but also disrupts rainfall patterns and increases local temperatures in some ways. For example, i（ makes remaining forests more vulnerable to fire, and the warmer, drier conditions that come with climate change,（当森林砍伐发生时，森林消失， 它不仅会向大气中排放碳，而且还会破坏降雨模式，在某种程度上增加当地的温度。例如， 它使剩余的森林更容易受到火灾的影响，带来伴随气候变化的更温暖、更干燥的条件）”可知， 答案第4页，共13页在最后一段中Seymour谈到森林砍伐的后果。故选A项。15. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，文章报道了 2021年伐木和火灾导致大 面积的热带森林正以惊人的速度遭到破坏，这会给地球生态带来很大的影响。Tropical forests are being destroyed at an alarming rate （热带森林正以惊人的速度遭到破坏）”作为新闻 报道标题概括了新闻主要内容，同时能抓住读者眼球，激发阅读兴趣，是最佳选项。故选D 项。16. BC17. GE18. F【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了智商对成功有一定的作用，但并没有你想象的那么重要。【详解】.上文“WhatisIQand how much does it matter?（什么是智商?它有多重要?）“提出什么是 智商，空处应该对此做出回答，B项“智商是衡量一个人推理能力的标准”符合语境。故选Bo1 .由下文“But some students struggle in school because of a weakness in one specific area of intelligence.（但有些学生在学校里表现不佳，是因为他们在某个特定的智力领域存在缺陷）” 的“But”可知，前后是转折关系，C项“不管多聪明，每个学生都能学习”符合，与下文构成 转折关系，表明每个学生都能学习，有聪明的地方，但存在某个特定的智力领域缺陷。故选 Co.上文“IQ tests can also help identify students who would do well in fast-paced “gifted education,' programs.（智商测试还可以帮助识别那些在快节奏的“资优教育”项目中表现出色 的学生。户说明智商测验的用途，空处应该承接上文，继续对此进行介绍，G项“许多学院 和大学也使用类似于智商测试的考试来选择学生。”符合语境。故选G。2 .下文“Most non-experts think intelligence is the reason why successful people do so well.（大多 数非专业人士认为，智力是成功人士表现如此出色的原因。厂指出人们对别人的智商进行了 答案第5页，共13页 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两 遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How docs the woman usually go to work?A. By bus.B. By car.C. By train.7. What do the speakers agree about taking the train?A. It is faster. B. It is safer. C. It is cheaper.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Why is the woman upset with the man?A. He hasn't been attending class.B. He didn't turn in his essay.C. His essay is too short.9. How many essays has the man rewritten this year altogether?A. Three essays. B. Two essays.C. One essay.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Save up for the car.B. Go to another car dealer.C. Ask someone to check the car.11. How will the woman pay for the car?A. By bank card.B. In cash.C. By cheque.12. How will the man help the woman?A. Drive her car home.B. Lend money to her.C. Take care of her car.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. When did the woman last lend the man her car?A. A year ago.B. Five months ago.C. A couple of days ago.试卷第2页，共13页 一些解读，E项“人们很容易对别人的智商评分进行过多解读。”符合，下文中的“Most non-experls”与E项中的“people”相呼应。故选E。5.上文“But there's more to the story. Extraordinary achievement depends on many things. And those extra categories include ambition, persistence, opportunity the ability to think dearly-even luck.（但事情远不止如此。非凡的成就取决于很多因素。这些额外的类别包括雄心壮志、坚 持不懈、有机会深入思考的能力甚至是运气。）”指出成就的取得由很多因素造成，智力 并不是最重要的，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，F项“总之，智力很重要，但并没有你想 象的那么重要“总结上文，符合语境。故选F。21. BA22. CD23. BC24. DA25. AB26. DC27. BD28. AC29. AD30. BC【导语】答案第6页，共13页 这是一篇记叙文。27岁的Tommy Price和他26岁的朋友Max Saleh在湖区的霍尔菲尔岭跑 步，结果Tommy出了事生命垂危，多亏了他的朋友Max下山求救，Tommy才捡回一条命。 21.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当这个救生员发现自己脸朝下倒在地上，生命垂危时，他 停止了奔跑。A. Instead相反；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Thus因此。结合前 后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选B.22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当这个救生员发现自己脸朝下倒在地上，生命垂危时，他 停止了 奔跑。A. ground 地面;B. bed 床；C. air 空气;D. water 水。根据上文“finding himself fhce down”可知,是脸朝下，倒在地上。故选A。23. 考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：气温一整天都在冰点，刮着大风，下着雪，Tommy的 情况开始恶化。A. boiling沸腾的;B. turning转弯；C. freezing冰冻的；D. folding可折叠的。 根据后文“all day with strong winds and snow”可知，气温一整天都在冰点，刮着大风，下着雪， Tommy的情况开始恶化。故选C。2