2022-2023学年山东省青岛西海岸、平度、胶州、城阳四区联考高三上学期期中英语试题（解析版）.docx

2022-2023学年度第一学期期中考试高三英语试题（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项:1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在 本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读1. When will the speakers go to the festival?A. On Wednesday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday.2. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues. B. Schoolmates. C. Teacher and student.3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A PE class. B. A skiing trip. C. A football match.4. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Look after Michael. B. Do the gardening. C. Move the bike.5. Where are the speakers?A. In a zoo. B. At a school. C. In a museum.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。disaster - faced intense pressure from fire victims worried compulsory green building codes would further boost construction prices. Both local governments ended up allowing those families to rebuild to earlier, less-strict standards.The RESTORE Passive House attempts to prove green homes can fit within middle-class budgets. The task could prove critical as governments push to reduce the climate impact of buildings, which account for 13 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and 20 percent of Colorado emissions - largely due to natural gas appliances and an electricity grid dominated by fossil fuels. Passive homes could also help protect families from climate threats like poor air quality and future fires.12. What's the major feature of passive buildings?A. Economic.B. Climate-friendly. C. Delicate.D. Costly.13. What contributed to the Ruprechts5 rebuilding their new home?A. Posting their needs online to raise money.B. Receiving assistance from insurance company.C. Connecting with an online design and build team.D. Negotiating with the local companies.14. What does the underlined phrase "a no-brainer“ in paragraph 4 mean?A. A risky attempt.B. A tough task.C. A stupid idea.D. An easy decision.15. What does the author intend to tell us in the text?A. The green house fbr Marshall fire victims isn't a luxury home.B. The RESTORE Passive House aims to build green homes for free.C. All the governments stuck to their strict green building codes.D. The Ruprechts rebuilt their home despite high construction costs.【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鲁普雷希特夫妇选择把房子重建为被动式建筑，介绍了这一类 型的建筑的特点和优缺点。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Combined with carefully placed windows, such buildings can reduce a home's energy needs by 90 percent compared to typical homes.（与精心布置的窗户相结合，这种建筑可以比普通住宅减少90% 的能源需求）”可知，被动式建筑的主要特点是环保。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 “That all changed with a link posted in an online community group. It directed Peter Ruprecht to a web page for the RESTORE Passive House, a three-bedroom, three-bathroom home designed for the Marshall fire bum area. The designers promised a $550,000 price tag after government incentives, which the couple could afford.（这一切都因一个在线社区群组中发布的链接而改变。它把彼得鲁普雷希特引向了 RESTORE 被动式住宅的一个网页，这是一座为马歇尔大火烧毁地区设计的三室三卫住宅。设计师们承诺，在政府的 激励措施出台后，这对夫妇可以负担得起55万美元的价格）”可知，与在线设计和建造团队联系促成了 Ruprechts夫妇重建他们的新家。故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中 “We're getting better at everything in terms of construction quality, fire resistance, comfort and doing a good job for the planet.（我们在建筑质量、防火、舒适度以及为地球做贡献等方面都做得 越来越好）”可知，我们在建筑质量、防火、舒适度以及为地球做贡献等方面都做得越来越好，所以这是一 个简单的决定，故画线词意思是“一个简单的决定”。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中 “The designers promised a $550,000 price tag after government incentives, which the couple could afford.（设计师们承诺，在政府的激励措施出台后，这对夫妇可以负担得起55万美元的价格）” 以及第四段“The couple is now the first to sign up to build the home.（这对夫妇现在是第一批签约建造这座房 子的人）”可推知，为尽管建筑成本很高，鲁普雷希特一家还是重建了他们的家。故选D。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。I'm sure we all know by now that exercise is great for you. 16 So, in this post, I am going to share my top four reasons for working out.Firstly, exercise can completely change your mood! When you work out, your body produces endorphins, which will give you a rush of happiness. 17 Next time you're having a bad day, try going for a fast-paced run, and the day won't seem so bad after all.Secondly exercising is sociable. Whenever I move to a new city to study or work, I look for exercise classes to do. 18 Usually, you all share a collective feeling of euphoria when the class finishes!Thirdly, exercise makes you feel confident. We all know the physical effects of exercise on our bodies but we don't always talk about the mental effects. Exercise might give you a feeling of confidence from being comfortable with your body and appearance. 19Finally, it helps to relieve stress. Focusing on lifting weights or going for a run can help you forget the problems and stress of daily life, studies or work. During exams, I always spend an hour a day in the gym. It makes me feel less anxious and it also helps me to sleep well.20 It might not be easy but it's a great feeling doing something you couldn't do before and knowing it's a result of your hard work.A. What kinds of exercise do you usually take?B. You will feel better after a workout than you did before it.C. But most exercise classes are too expensive for ordinary people.D. This new confidence might even help in your social or work life.E. So, next time you're feeling down, put your trainers on and get sweating.F. But sometimes finding that motivation to work out can be a little difficult.G. You meet like-minded people there, and you can support each other during a difficult workout.【答案】16.F17. E 18. G 19. D 20. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了锻炼的四个理由。【16题详解】根据上文“I'm sure we all know by now that exercise is great fbr you.（我相信我们现在都知道锻炼对你有好处）” 以及后文 “So, in this post, I am going to share my top four reasons for working out.（所以，在这篇文章中，我将 分享我锻炼的四大理由）”可知，后文提到锻炼四个理由，可见找到锻炼的动力存在困难。故F选项“但有 时找到锻炼的动力可能有点困难。”符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】根据上文 “ Firstly, exercise can completely change your mood! When you work out, your body produces endorphins, which will give you a rush of happiness4首先，锻炼可以完全改变你的情绪!当你锻炼时，你的身体会产生内啡 肽，这会给你带来幸福感）”以及后文 “Next time you9re having a bad day, try going for a fast-paced run, and the day won't seem so bad after alL（下次你有糟糕的一天，试着去快节奏的跑步，这一天终究不会看起来那么糟 糕）”可知，本段提到锻炼可以改善情绪，故E选项“所以，下次你情绪低落的时候，穿上运动鞋，出汗吧” 符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据上文 u Secondly, exercising is sociable. Whenever I move to a new city to study or work, I look for exercise classes todo.（其次，锻炼是社交。每当我搬到一个新的城市学习或工作时，我就会去参加健身课程）”以及 后文 “Usually, you all share a collective feeling of euphoria when the class finishes!（通常，当课程结束时，你们 都会分享一种集体的愉悦感！）”可知，本段的主旨是锻炼也是社交，即锻炼时可以找到和自己志同道合的人。故G选项“在那里你会遇到志同道合的人，在艰苦的锻炼中你们可以互相支持”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】 根据上文 “Thirdly, exercise makes you feel confident. We all know the physical effects of exercise on our bodies but we don't always talk about the mental effects. Exercise might give you a feeling of confidence from being comfortable with your body and appearance.（第三，锻炼使你感到自信。我们都知道运动对身体的影响，但我 们并不总是谈论运动对精神的影响。锻炼可能会让你对自己的身体和外表感到舒适，从而产生自信的感觉）” 可知，本段的主旨是锻炼带来自信，本句为本段最后一句，继续说明自信的作用。故D选项“这种新的自 信甚至会对你的社交或工作生活有所帮助”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据后文 “It might not be easy but ifs a great feeling doing something you couldn't do before and knowing it's a result of your hard work.（这可能不容易，但这是一种伟大 感觉做你以前不能做的事情，知道这是你努力工 作的结果）”可知，本段为文章最后一段，上文提到做以前不能做的事情会产生很棒的感觉，故B选项“锻 炼后你会比锻炼前感觉更好”符合语境，故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I began learning Greek aged 10 when my family and I moved there for 2 years. At first it was 21and Ihad no idea whether I would be able to learn the language, but 22 、I started to get a sense of 23fromusing what I had learnt, hearing conversations and almost 24 everything that was said.When I started university back in England at 18, I met my best friend 25 our same second languageGreek. I was always told I would meet people through 26, and that was the first moment when I believed it.I was always 27 by family to continue on the language path, so I took up German though it was really28. There were a lot of times I thought I was going to 29、but I am so glad I didn't. When I 30to go to the University of Manchester to study Spanish, I had never studied Spanish before. They saw that I studied Greek and German and 31 me a place! Now I am in Spain for a year having an 32 time.It was a 33 chain of events; if I had 34 everybody who encouraged me to study languages, gave up when it was hard and didn't practise, I would not be doing what I am doing right now, and my life would betotally 35.21. A. interestingB. difficult22. A. slowlytotally 35.23. A. interestingB. difficult24. A. slowlyB.suddenlyC. uselessC. entirelyD. hopefulD. certainly31.23. A. humorB. anxietyC. pressureD. pride24. A. understandingB.speakingC. confusingD. thinking25. A. in spite ofB. except forC. in favor ofD. thanks to26. A. activitiesB. conversationsC. languagesD. clubs27. A. affectedB. preventedC. movedD. encouraged28. A. challengingB. amusingC. attractiveD. unique29. A. give awayB. give upC. go all outD. go down30. A. plannedB. appliedC. refusedD. promised31. A. pointedB. leftC. offeredD. found32. A. annoyingB. amazingC.oddD. ordinary33. A. wonderfulB. normalC. familiarD. popular34. A. respondedB. blamedC. ignoredD. admired35. A. successfulB. meaningfulC. colorfulD. different【答案】2LB 22. A23. D 24. A25. D 26. C 27. D28. A 29. B 30. BC 32. B 33. A34. C 35. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己的语言学习经历，以此告诉我们学习语言的重要性。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始很难，我不知道我是否能学会这门语言，但慢慢地，我开始有一种自 豪感，因为我使用了我所学到的东西，听到了交谈，几乎理解了所说的一切。A. interesting有趣的；B. difficult 困难的;C. useless 无用的;D. hopeful 有希望的。根据 “and I had no idea whether I would be able to learn the language/"可知，作者起初认为很难，不知道自己是否可以学会这门语言并应用自如。故选B。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一开始很难，我不知道我是否能学会这门语言，但慢慢地，我开始有一种自豪 感，因为我使用了我所学到的东西，听到了交谈，几乎理解了所说的一切。A. slowly慢慢地；B. suddenly 突然；C. entirely 完全地；D. certainly 当然。根据“【started to get a sense of 3 from using what I had learnt,hearing conversations and almost 4 everything that was said.” 可知，因为作者开始能够将自己所学的语言学以致用，所以慢慢地有了自豪感。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始很难，我不知道我是否能学会这门语言，但慢慢地，我开始有一种自豪 感，因为我使用了我所学到的东西，听到了交谈，几乎理解了所说的一切。A.humor幽默；B.anxiety焦虑;C. pressure 压力；D. pride 骄傲；自豪。I艮据“ from using what I had learnt, hearing conversations and almost 4everything that was said.”可知，作者所学的语言能够理解，所以很自豪。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始很难，我不知道我是否能学会这门语言，但慢慢地，我开始有一种自豪 感，因为我使用了我所学到的东西，听到了交谈，几乎理解了所说的一切。A. understanding SW; B. speaking 讲；C. confusing使困惑；D.thinking思考。根据"everything that was said.”可知，这里指理解所说的话。 故选Ao【25题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：当我18岁回到英国开始上大学时，多亏了我们相同的第二语言一一希腊语, 我认识了我最好的朋友。A. in spite of尽管;B. except for除了； C in favor of支持；D.thanks to多亏了。根 据 “When I started university back in England at 18,1 met my best friend” 可知，多亏了作者学习 了希腊语，所 以认识了最好的朋友。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我总是被告知我可以通过语言与人交流，那是我第一次相信这一点。A. activities 活动；B. conversations 谈话；C. languages 语言；D. clubs 俱乐部。根据 "At first it was 1 and I had no ideawhether I would be able to learn the language,v可知，这里指通过语言与人交流。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：家人总是鼓励我继续学习语言，所以我开始学习德语，尽管它真的很有挑战性。 A. affected 影响；B. prevented 阻止；C. moved 感动；D. encouraged 鼓励。根据 “ by family to continue on the language path,"可知，家人鼓励作者学习语言。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：家人总是鼓励我继续学习语言，所以我开始学习德语，尽管它真的很有挑战 性。A. challenging具有挑战性的；B. amusing有趣的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D. unique独特的。根据“There were a lot of times I thought I was going to 9, but I am so glad I didn't.” 可知，学习德语具有挑战性。故选Ao【29题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：有很多次我觉得我要放弃了，但我很高兴我没有放弃。A. give away赠送；B. give up 放弃；C. go all out 全力以赴；D. go down 下降。根据“ so I took up German though it was really 8.”和“but I am so glad I didn't.”可知，因为学习德语具有挑战性,所以作者多次想放弃。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我申请去曼彻斯特大学学习西班牙语时，我从来没有学过西班牙语。A. planned 计戈ij； B. applied 申请；C. refused 拒绝；D. promised 答应。根据 “go to the University of Manchester to study Spanish,"可知，作者申请去曼彻斯特大学学习西班牙语。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们看到我学希腊语和德语，就给了我一个名额！ A. pointed指；B. left离开；C. offered 提供；D. found 发现。根据 “They saw that I studied Greek and German” 可知，因为作者学过 希腊语和德语，所以曼彻斯特大学提供作者学习西班牙语的机会。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我在西班牙度过了一年的美好时光。A. annoying恼人的；B.amazing令人 惊异的；C. odd古怪的；D. ordinary普通的。根据“Now I am in Spain for a year”并结合上文可知，作者学 过西班牙语，所以在西班牙度过了美好的时光。故选B。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一连串美妙的事件。A. wonderful精彩的；美妙的；B.normal正常的；C. familiar 熟悉的；D. popular 流行的。根据 “if I had 14 everybody who encouraged me to study languages,gave up when it was hard and didn't practise, I would not be doing what I am doing right now, and my life would be totally 15.”可知，因为语言的学习，所以发生了一连串美妙的事件。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我对所有鼓励我学习语言的人都置之不理，遇到困难就放弃，不去练习， 我现在就不会做我现在在做的事情，我的人生也会完全不同。A. responded答复；B.blamed指责；C. ignored 忽略；D. admired 钦佩。根据 "everybody who encouraged me to study languages,” 可知，作者庆幸没有忽略 所有鼓励自己学习语言的人。故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我对所有鼓励我学习语言的人都置之不理，遇到困难就放弃，不去练习， 我现在就不会做我现在在做的事情，我的人生也会完全不同。A. successful成功的；B. meaningful有意义的； C. colorful 多彩的；D. different 不同的。根据 uI would not be doing what I am doing right now,n 可知,语言让 作者的人生完全不同。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Civil engineering is the design and construction of public works, such as dams, bridges and other large infrastructure projects. It is one of the oldest 36 (branch) of engineering, dating back to when people first started living in permanent settlements 37 began shaping their environments 38 (suit) their needs.Early engineers built walls, roads, bridges, dams and levees; they 39 (dig) wells, irrigation ditches and trenches. As larger groups of people began living together in towns and cities, these populations needed reliable sources of clean water, a network of streets for trade and a way to defend 40 (they) against unfriendly neighbors.Ancient civil engineering projects include the roads of the Roman Empire, the Great Wall of China and Mayan ruins. Many early civilizations built monuments to their rulers or gods. These may have been simple mounds or 41 (true) remarkable achievements, such as the Pyramids of Giza and Stonehenge, whose construction by pre-industrial societies 42 (remain) mysterious. The names of the engineers 43 created these wonders are lost to antiquity.Today, 44 public is more likely to remember the names of great civil engineering projects than the names of the engineers. One notable exception is the Eiffel Tower, 45 (name) after Gustave Eiffel, the French civil engineer whose company built it.答案36. branches37. and38. to suit39. dug40. themselves41. truly 42. remains43. who#thatthe 45. named【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了土木工程历史和现在。【36题详解】考查名词的数。句意：它是工程学最古老的分支之一，可以追溯到人们最初开始居住在永久定居点并开始 根据自己的需要改造环境的时候。oneof+the+形容词最高级+复数名词。故填branches。【37题详解】考查连词。句意：它是工程学最古老的分支之一，可以追溯到人们最初开始居住在永久定居点并开始根据 自己的需要改造环境的时候。根据句中动词started和began可知，这两个动作是并列关系。故填and。