河北省保定市2020届高三英语上学期摸底考试试题含解析.docx

河北省保定市2020届高三英语上学期摸底考试试题（含解析）本试卷由四部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第 二节和第四部分为非选择题。考试时间120分钟，满分150分。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处有音频，请去附件查看】Where does the conversation take place?A. At the station.B. In a bookstore.C. In a department【答案】C【解析】【分析】W: What can I do for you?M: I' m looking for a silk hat for my foreign friend. Please show me some options. 【详解】此题为听力题，听力略。2 .【此处有音频，请去附件查看】What will Adam doA. Go to Kyoto.B. Visit the womanJ s house.C. Have dinner with the woman.【答案】A【解析】【分析】Clarion Call: A Heartfelt Tribute to Sheffield， s Access PioneersCentral I. ibrary Carpenter Room, 10 : 30-ll : 30am.Well-known walker activist and campaigner, Terry Howard takes us back a hundred years and shares the story of the role Sheffielders played in the first fights for our right to freely walk on the Peak District moors （旷里予）. The Clarion Ramblers is thought to be the first working class walking club. This is the story of their important role in gaining us the access we all enjoy today.July 12The Wainwrights in Color Central Library Carpenter Room, I : 302 : 30pm.Inspired by the work of the great Alfred Wainwright, over 10 years Andy Beck has reproduced in watercolor all 1, 500 pictures drawn in A Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells. Andy speaks about how the scenes in the Lake District have changed during the last 50 years.July 13Craft （制作）Your Own Adventure Journal-A Workshop Central Library Reading Room, 2 : 00-3 : 00 pm, £ 5.Learn paper craft techniques to make your own beautiful travel journal. Get advice from our expert tutor on using old photos adventures and holidays.Collecting stories and memories from your.21. Which event should you choose if you，re interested in bees?A. Bee Quest.B. Clarion Call.C. The Wainwrights in Color.D. Craft Your Own Adventure Journal.22. What day is the right time to share the story of Sheffielders?A. July 10.B. July 11.C. July 12.D. July 13.23. What is special about Craft Your Own Adventure Journal?A. Itlaststhe longest.B. Itneedsreservation.C. Itcallsfor admissioncharges.D. Itoffers the most interesting stories.【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。本文主要叙述了几个户外城市探险书展。在七月的一个星期里，谢菲尔德中 央图书馆成为户外城市的冒险中心。这些事件，大部分都是免费的，但建议大家要提前预订。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据"Bee Quest” 中 的 Bee Quest - A Hunt for the World，s Most Elusive （难以捕捉的）Bees Central library Carpenter Room,可知，Bee Quest 中可寻找世界上 最难以捉摸的蜜蜂，如果你对蜜蜂感兴趣，可以到Bee Quest , A符合题意，故选A。L22题详解】细节理解题。根据 “July HClarion Call: A Heartfelt Tribute to Sheffield' s” 部分 中的 Central library Carpenter Room,. . This is the story of their important role in gaining us the access we all enjoy today” 可矢口，在 7 月 11 日的 Clarion Call 是 分享谢菲尔德故事的最佳时机。B项符合题意，故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一个活动 “Craft （制作）Your Own Adventure Journal-A Workshop Central Library Reading Room , 2 : 003 : 00pm, £5. ” 可知，在这个活动中，要收取 费用5英镑。而上文其他的活动中都不收取费用，这是这个活动与其他不同之处，故选C。【点睛】新闻广告类材料是高考的热门考题。其文句简练，信息量大，句式使用简单，表达 方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的。此类文章主要考查学生提取信息和处理信息 的能力。既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，双注重推理判断题的考查。题目设置相对较 易。做这类题时没有必要阅读全文。宜采用“倒序法”和寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。 对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干 扰项，选出正确答案。如第2小题，根据题目“What day is the right time to share the story of Sheffielders? 中的 heffielders 定位于 “July HClarion Call: A Heartfelt Tribute to Sheffield，s”。根据本部分中的 Central I. ibrary Carpenter Room,. This is the story of their important role in gaining us the access we all enjoy today” 可知，在7月11日的Clarion Call中分享谢菲尔德故事的最佳时机。B项符合题意，故选 BoBA photography exhibition by French artist San Bartolome entitled Moon Door Dreamers opened in the 798 Art Zone in Beijing on December 10. 2011, presenting a cross-cultural perspective （视角）on ordinary life in the capital city.Bartolome took these photos in August 2008, and produced a video named Two Worlds, One Dream. These works were displayed in Pingyao, an ancient city in Shanxi Province, under the title Beijing Midsummer Night Dream in September 2010.The moon doors serve as a keyhole through which one can catch a glimpse of a slice of Beijing life. He got his inspiration from one cycling trip to the southeastern suburb of Beijing, where he discovered a peculiar street along which a gray brick wall was built to cover the shabby bungalows. These cabins were mostly rented by migrant workers- peddlers, craftsmen, grocers and innkeepers.Born in 1950, Bartolome has worked as a photographer, stage director. Artistic manager, writer and diplomat. A noted Sinophile, Bartolome frequently visits China for photographic subjects. In the fall of 2003, he joined the French Embassy in Beijing as a cultural attache. Ilis work experience in China from 2003 to 2015 further enhanced his awareness of and love for China.Bartolome not only loves Chinese culture but also the Chinese people. He thinks that Chinese people are kind, welcoming and diverse.Back from his bike ride to southeastern Beijing, he decided to shoot pictures about ordinary urban lifestyles. He observed dwellers carefully and made friends with them.After about 30 days and nights that he spent with these common migrants, he created a number of portraits. Meanwhile, he learned more about those rural migrants who earn their living in a city with which they are unfamiliar.He adopted an optimistic perspective to shoot the sights, and he borrowed the title of one of William Shakespeare s comedy works: A Midsummer Night's Dream.24. What is the main purpose of the exhibition?A. To present Bartolome，s photographic skills.B. To tell us Bartolome，s work experience in Beijing.C. To show us Bartolome's opitimistic view on ordionary life in Beijing.D. To build a cross-cultural communication bridge between China and France.25. What inspires Bartolome to shoot pictures about ordinary urban styles?A His bike ride to Southeastern suburb of Beijing.B. His work experience in the French Embassy in Beijing.C. His visit to the ancient city of Pingyao.D. Shakespeare's comedy work: A Midsummer Night，s Dream.26. What does the underlined word “Sinaphile" in paragraph 4 refer to?A. A successful aritist.B. A cultural attache.C. A person of status.D. A fan of China.27. What does the text mainly talk about?A. A French artist tells Chinese stories with his camera.B. A French artist frequently visits China for photography.C. Migrant workers live a simple but happy life in Beijing.D. Moon Doors serve as a window to display China to the world.【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。主要叙述了法国艺术家圣巴托洛姆在北京798艺术区举办的名为“月亮之门 梦想家”的摄影展，从跨文化角度呈现了普通城市的生活以及拍摄的原因。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句 upresenting a cross-cultural perspective （视角）on ordinary life in the capital city. 以 及最后 一段 “He adopted an optimistic perspective to shoot the sights, ”可知，这次摄影展用一种跨文化视角来展示首都的普通生活，他以乐观的角度拍摄的。由此推断出摄影展向我们展示巴托罗姆对北京城市生活的 乐观态度。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “He got his inspiration from one cycling trip to the southeastern suburb of Beijing, ,” 以及第六段 “Back from his bike ride to southeastern Beijing, he decided to shoot pictures about ordinary urban lifestyles” 可知他（拍摄）的灵感来自一次去北京东南郊的骑行之旅，。回到北京之后，他决定拍 摄一些关于普通城市生活方式的照片。可知，是他骑自行车去北京的东南郊区激发了他拍摄 普通城市的生活。分析选项可知A项符合题意，故选A。【26题详解】猜测词义题。根据第四段划线词“Sinaphile”后的内容可知，巴托罗姆为了这个摄影主题 经常访问中国。2003年秋，他以文化专员的身份加入了法国驻北京大使馆。从2003年到2015 年，他在中国的多年工作经历让他加深了对中国的认识和热爱。由此可知，他是一个热爱中 国的人，喜欢了解中国，是一个“中国迷”。分析选项A. A successful aritist成功的艺 术家；B. A cultural attache 文化专员；C. A person of status 有地位的人； D. A fan of China.中国迷。由此可知D项符合题意，故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。本文第一段叙述了法国艺术家圣巴托洛姆在北京798艺术区举办的名为“月亮 之门梦想家”的摄影展开幕从一个跨文化视角来展示在首都的普通生活。接着叙述了为什么 拍摄中国普通城市的生活，用摄影机拍摄他在中国的经历来表现对中国的热爱。由此可知本 文主要叙述了一个法国艺术家用他的相机讲述中国故事。故A符合题意。【点睛】高考中词义推断可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断, 既可以是生词意义，也可以是熟词新意；还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。由于上下文 中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义与句中其它词的词义或具体的语境有着密切的联系。因此 在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇，短语并结合具体的语境 来推测。如第3小题属于猜测词义题。根据第四段划线词“Sinaphile”后的内容可知，巴托罗 姆为了这个摄影主题经常访问中国。2003年秋，他以文化专员的身份加入了法国驻北京大 使馆。从2003年到2015年，他在中国的工作经历进一步增强了他对中国的认识和热爱。由 此可知，他是一个热爱中国的人，喜欢了解中国，是一个“中国迷”。分析选项A. A successful aritist 成功的艺术家；B. A cultural attache 文化专员； C. A person of status有地位的人；D. A fan of China.中国迷。由此可知D项符合题意，故选D。CIn 1953, a mountain climber reported seeing a bar-headed goose soar over the peak of Mount Everest （珠穆朗玛 ）. It was thought impossible. Now researchers who raised 19 of the geese一named for the black stripes on the backs of their headshave shown the birds really fly so high.The team trained the youngsters to fly in a large wind tunnel wearing backpacks and face masks full of sensors that recorded their heart rate, blood oxygen levels, temperature, and metabolic rate一how many calories they burned per hour. The researchers simulated（模拟）10w-, medium-, and high-altitude conditions by altering the concentration of oxygen supplied to face masks worn by each goose as it flew in the tunnel.Birds already have a better heart and lungs than mammals for sustained physical activity. And researchers knew that bar-headed geese have even larger, thinner lungs that let them breathe more deeply and an even bigger heart to pump more oxygen to muscles than other birds.The wind tunnel experiments showed that when the concentration of oxygen was at its lowest-like the 7% found on top of Mount Everest versus 21% at sea level一the geese，s heart rate and frequency of wing beats remained the same even as their metabolic rate dropped. Somehow, the birds managed to cool down their blood-the measured blood temperature droppedso it could take in more oxygen, the researchers report today in eLife. This cooling likely helps compensate for the very thin air, the team says.Although well trained, the birds were only willing to stay in the air a few minutes-or lesswhen wearing their backpacks and flying at 6ihigh altitudes. So it's not clear whether these adaptations alone are what make it possible to fly the 8 hours it takes to climb over Mount Everest. But those few minutes showed these geese really could fly over the top of Mount Everest.28. Why did the researchers raise 19 bar-headed geese and train them?A. To test the flying height and speed of them.B. To confirm they could fly over Mount Everest.C To observe them flying through the wind tunnel.D. To see how many calories they burned per hour.29. What can we learn from the wind tunnel experinent?A. It was carried out at very high altitude.B. The geese managed to breathe less when their blood decreased.C. The geese could live through the lowest concentration of oxygen.D. It shows the geese could fly at high altitude for long.30. What still puzzles scientists about the geese?A. Whether they have super hearts and lungs.B. Whether they have muscles pumped more oxygen to.C. Whether they are willing to wear backpacks and face masks.D. Whether they can manage to fly 8 hours to climb over Mount Everest.31. Where does the text most probably come from?A. A science fiction.B. A climbing guide.C. A travel brochure.D. A science report.【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。登山者报告说看到一只长颈鹅翱翔在珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰,为了确认其真实性, 研究人员养了 18只这种鹅，在大型风洞中训练它们飞行。结果发现这种鹅可以在氧气极低 的情况下飞行，但停留时间只有几分钟，因此能否飞过珠峰尚不明确。【28题详解】推理判断题。第一段“In 1953, a mountain climber reported seeing a bar-headed goose soar over the peak of Mount Everest. It was thought impossible.” 报道说, 名 登山者看到一只斑头鹅飞过珠穆朗玛峰。人们认为这是不可能的。因此下文“ Now researchers who raised 19 of the geese-named for the black stripes on the backs of their heads-have shown the birds really fly so high. ” 现在研究人员饲养了这种鹅，他们发现这些鹅真的飞得很高。最后一段"So it's not clear whether these adaptationsalone are what make it possible to fly the 8 hours it takes to climb over Mount Everest.But those few minutes showed these geese really could fly over the top of Mount Everest. ”但是否能让这种鹅飞8小时爬上珠穆朗玛峰尚不清楚。由此可推断出研究人员饲 养这种鹅是为了证实这种鹅是否能飞过珠峰。分析选项可知B项符合题意，故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段 “The wind tunnel experiments showed that when the concentration of oxygen . the geese's heart rate and frequency of wing beats remained the same even as their metabolic rate dropped. . . . the researchers report today in elife. This cooling likely helps comp”可知 风洞实验表明,当氧气浓度最 低时，鹅的心率和翅膀搏动频率保持不变，即使它们的新陈代谢率下降。研究人员今天在伊 利费杂志上报道说，.,这种降温可能有助于补偿空气的稀薄。第五段"Although well trained, the birds were only willing to stay in the air a few minutes-or less .” 尽管训练有素，但这些鸟只愿意在空中呆上几分钟。这两处综合推断出，鹅可以在最低浓度 的氧气中生存。由此可知C项符合题意，故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “So it's not clear whether these adaptations alone are what make it possible to fly the 8 hours it takes to climb over Mount Everest. ” 可矢口, “目前尚不清楚的是，只有这些适应性变化能否可以飞行8小时爬上珠穆朗玛峰。”分析选项可知，D项（他们是否能飞8小时飞越珠穆朗玛峰）符合题意，故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。第一段中提到登山者报告说看到一只长颈鹅翱翔在珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰。为了证 实是否可能，研究人员养了 18只这种鹅，并在大型风洞中训练它们飞行。结果发现这种鹅 可以在氧气极低的情况下飞行，但停留时间只有几分钟，因此能否飞过珠峰尚不明确。由此 可知本文属于科谱文章。分析选项A. A science fiction科幻小说；B. A climbing guide 登山指南；C. A travel brochure旅游小册子；D. A science report科学报导可知，D 项符合题意，故选D。【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常 常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。推理题要 求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深 层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都 是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信 息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据，推论有理，忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替 作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。第4小题属于推理判断题。根据第四段“The wind tunnel experiments showed that when the concentration of oxygen . the geese's heart rate and frequency of wing beats remained the same even as their metabolic rate dropped. . the researchers report today in elife. This cooling likely helps comp” 可知 风洞实验表明，当氧气 浓度最低时，鹅的心率和翅膀搏动频率保持不变，即使它们的新陈代谢率下降。研究人员今 天在伊利费杂志上报道说，.这种降温可能有助于补偿空气的稀薄。第五段"Although well trained, the birds were only willing to stay in the air a few minutes-or less .”尽管训练有素，但这些鸟只愿意在空中呆上几分钟。这两处综合推断出，鹅可 以在最低浓度的氧气中生存。由此可知C项符合题意，故选C。DWater is a necessity of life. Rain, especially, helps plants grow and stay green. But too much rain, especially in cities, can lead to flooding. That can cause waste water systems to overflow and send pollutants into rivers and other waterways. To fight the problem, several cities in the United States are starting programs like rooftop gardens.A team at the University of the District of Columbia in the nation，s capital has created a garden on the top of one school building. The garden holds many kinds of plants to help absorb rainwater and grow food at the same time. Architect David Bell has designed five "green roofs" for the university. He says he is excited about the project because it meant doing something more than just dealing with storm water management. It took advantage of a resource above the city and these flat roofs that aren，t doing anything really became something that was about urban agriculture. Rainwater is collected in large containers and sent through a system that waters the rooftop garden. The roof is filled with green life that appeals to insects.In cities, “you don't have that many spaces to choose from and so rooftops are just (unused) space,“ says Caitlin Arlotta. She is a student in the schooT s UrbanAgriculture program. The