2022-2023学年重庆市第八中学高三上学期高考适应性月考卷（四）英语试题（解析版）.docx

重庆市第八中学2023届高考适应性月考卷（四）英语注意事项:1 .答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。2 .每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3 .考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the woman's job?A. A tour guide.B. A photographer.C. A coffee shop owner.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Are you interested in traveling?M: Yes, but I haven't got much with running the coffee shop. How about you?W: Tve visited many places. I work fbr magazines and newspapers, providing photos for them.M: That sounds really wonderful.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the man do next?A. Book a hotel.B. Take a plane.C. Make a business plan.【答案】B【解析】right into Switzerland, cross the road back into Liechtenstein, and you'll see the post office at the next traffic lights, just opposite the Austrian border.But after several hours of hiking through the Alps I did indeed get lost. So it was with some relief that I found myself walking down into a valley towards a country inn. The place was full of people, all with huge Wiener schnitzels on their plates, and the size of some of them was almost equal to that of Liechtenstein. Suddenly I froze: you find Wiener schnitzels of this size in only one countryAustria. I was now in Austria illegally!Terrible visions from my Soviet past rushed at me. Words like "arrest”, “extradition" and "detention“ started echoing in my brain. With alarm I remembered that my brand-new Australian passport was in my hotel in Liechtenstein. And it didn't have an Austrian visa anyway!Like any former Soviet citizen, 1 have a deeply rooted fear of borders. Even now, with a western passport in my pocket, I find it hard to get used to immigration officials at western airports waving me through. I am scared that they might forget to put some important stamp in my passport, and this will mean trouble. I linger in front of an immigration officer with a humble look on my face. I know I mustn't look too confident. Old habits die hard. Old fears die even harder.I had to do something-quickly. I rushed out of the Austrian inn and went backdown the road towards the Liechtenstein border. In the distance I could see the tiny hut of a border post and I prepared myself for a painful negotiation with the frontier guards.24. Why does the author give the example of asking for directions?A. To introduce the background.B. To display his sense of humor.C. To prove how large Liechtenstein is.D. To show it is easy to get lost on the borders.25. When did the author realize he had crossed the border illegally?A. He saw the post office of a foreign country.B. He was required to present his Austrian passport.C. He noticed some people eating typical Austrian food.D. He came across some familiar people in a country inn.26. Why was the author afraid of borders?A. Because he lost his Austrian visa.B. Because he stole into Austria on purpose.C. Because immigration officials scared him.D. Because he had awful experiences in Soviet.27. Whafs the best title for the text?A. A Lost Soul in The AlpsAn Unforgettable ExperienceB. Borders That Make People CrossOnce an Immigrant, Always an Immigrant【答案】24.D25. C 26. D 27. C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者一次迷失国界，误入瑞士的经历。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段 uSome borders are so confusing. It sounds stupid to get lost in Liechtenstein, a country in the Alps so tiny that when you ask a local fbr directions to the post office, he'll probably say something like, “Go to the next corner, turn right into Switzerland, cross the road back into Liechtenstein, and you'll see the post office at the next traffic lights, just opposite the Austrian border.,（一些边界是非常令人困惑的。在 Liechtenstein 走丢似乎是一件很愚蠢的事。Liechtenstein是一个如此小的国家，以至于当你问当地人去往邮局的路时，他 可能会说：“走到下一个拐角，右转进入瑞士，穿过马路回到列支敦士登，你会在下一个交通灯看到邮局， 就在奥地利边境对面。”）和第二段 “Butafterseveralhoursofhikingthrough the Alps I did indeed get lost. "（但 在阿尔卑斯山徒步旅行了几个小时后，我确实迷路了。）可知，此处举出问路的例子是为了证明前文提到的"Some borders are so confusing.?（一些国界是很令人困惑的。），在边界走丢是很容易的，故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “The place was full of people, all with huge Wiener schnitzels on their plates, and the size of some of them was almost equal to that of Liechtenstein. Suddenly I froze: you find Wiener schnitzels of this size in only one country-Austria. I was now in Austria illegally! ”（这个地方到处都是人，盘子里都放着巨大的 维也纳香肠，其中一些的大小几乎与Liechtenstein的大小相当。突然，我愣住了：你只会在一个国家一一奥 地利发现这种大小的香肠。我现在非法地在奥地利！）可知，当作者注意到一些人在吃典型的奥地利食物时， 发现自己走丢了，故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Terrible visions from my Soviet past rushed at me. Words like “arrest”, "extradition'' and“detention"startedechoinginmybrain."（我的前苏联H寸代可怕的景象涌上心头。“逮捕、“引渡”、“拘留” 等词开始在我的脑海里回荡。）可知，作者害怕边界是因为想起来之前在前苏联那些令人害怕的经历，故选Do【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段"In the distance I could see the tiny hut of a border post and I prepared myself for a painful negotiation with the frontier guards."（在远处，我看到了一个边界防哨所的小屋，我也做好了与边防 警卫进行痛苦谈判的准备。）以及全文关键词border可知，文章主要讲述了自己不小心跨越国界这件事，故 C项uBorders That Make People Cross（让人们跨越的边界）符合文章标题，故选C。CThere are jobs you take because you may find them fulfilling, or a stepping stone to your career. And then there are jobs you take for the money. The new book, Ducks: Two Years in the Oil Sands, is about the latter. It9s from Kate Beaton, a best-selling cartoonist. With her first graphic narrative, Ducks, Beaton examines her own life, specifically the years she spent working at the oil sands of Fort McMurray, in Alberta, Canada.The book starts on Cape Breton Island, Beaton's hometown. Once it was home to various industries, and then it wasn't. So the island started sending its people out to wherever jobs were. This idea that you have to leave home to make a life for yourself is deeply rooted in the culture of Cape Breton. Her parents try to convince her to go into teaching, but she heads west, to the oil sands of Fort McMurray. It9s an oil boomtown populated mostly by men who are away from their homes and likely to fall into the traps of boomtowns-drugs, alcohol and loneliness.The book follows Beaton as she tackles her own sense of isolation, while having to bear constant sexism. But she describes small moments of tenderness too, from people looking out for her in their own ways to those who are simply putting their heads down, just trying to get by.In the book, a Cree elder talks about the impacts the oil companies have had on their community. "Everything's ruined, our lives, our water, the air.as long as they get their money." When the companies first came in, the locals weren't given much say. And now they are economically tied up to the industries that are polluting their land, and leaving them with higher rates of cancer. But what choice did they have but to be involved, or be completely crushed?Ducks is truly an untold story of Canada: a country that prides itself on its equality and natural beauty while exploiting both the riches of its land and the humanity of its people.28. Which factor leads Beaton to Fort McMurray?A. The appeal of oil sands.B. Her thirst for freedom.C. The influence of her culture.D. Her parents9 encouragement.29. How does Beaton find her life in the oil sands?A. Depressing and unfair.B. Helpless and aimless.C. Miserable yet fulfilling.D. Lonely yet still with warmth.30. Why don't the locals have other choices?A. Because they can find no better place to go.B. Because they are illegally trapped in oil sands.C. Because their life is totally ruined by the oil mining.D. Because they are financially dependent on the industries.31. What type of writing is the text?A. A novel.B. A book review.C. A biography.D. A news story.【答案】28.C29. D 30. D 31. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于职业选择的一本新书的内容。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This idea that you have to leave home to make a life for yourself is deeply rooted in the culture of Cape Breton.（你必须离开家去寻找自己的生活的这个想法深深地埋在了 Cape Breton这个地区 的文化里）”可知，Beaton离开家的原因是因为受到文化的影响。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “The book follows Beaton as she tackles her own sense of isolation, while having to bear constant sexism. But she describes small moments of tenderness too,（这本书接下来讲述了 Beaton 如何处理 她的孤独感，同时有必须要忍受不断的性别歧视。但是她也描述了一些温暖的时刻）”可知，Beaton对油矿 地区的生活感到既孤独又温暖。故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段 “And now they are economically tied up to the industries that are polluting their land, and leaving them with higher rates of cancer.（现在，他们与这些污染他们土地，让他们患癌症风险增大的产业 在经济上紧密地联系着）”可知，当地人别无选择的原因是因为他们经济上依赖着这些产业。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段 “There are jobs you take because you may find them fulfilling, or a stepping stone to your career. And then there are jobs you take for the money. The new book, Ducks: Two Years in the Oil Sands, is about the latter. Ifs from Kate Beaton, a best-selling cartoonistK有很多工作，你选择它们是因为你觉得它们有意 义或者把它们当作事业的跳板。也有一些工作，你是为了挣钱而选择。这本新书，Ducks: Two Years in the Oil Sands讲述的是后者。它是由Kate Beaton写的，一个最畅销的漫画家）”以及全文对这本新书的内容介绍可 知，本篇文章是属于一篇书评。故选B。DA Chinese pet-cloning company has announced the birth of the world's first cloned Arctic wolf, which was carried to term by an unlikely surrogate （替代的）mother a beagle. 100 days after birth, the cloned female wolf pup, named Maya, and her beagle mother were unveiled to the world in a brief video at a press conference held Sep. 19 by the Sinogene Biotechnology Company in Beijing.Normally, Sinogene specializes in cloning dead pets, such as cats, dogs and horses, for private clients. But the company now wants to use its expertise to help clone endangered species for conservation purposes. "It's a breakthrough in the protection and breeding of wild and endangered animals J said Mi Jidong, general manager of Sinogene.Maya was cloned using DNA collected from a fully grown Arctic wolf, also named Maya, which died in captivity at Harbin Polarland, a wildlife park in northeast China. The original Maya, who was born in Canada before being shipped to China in 2006, died due to old age in early 2021.The cloning of Maya was successfully completed "after two years of painstaking efforts,“ Mi Jidong said at the company's press conference. Sinogene researchers originally created 137 Arctic wolf embryos （胚胎）by joining skin cells from the original Maya with immature egg cells from dogs, using a process known as somatic cell nuclear transfer （SCNT）. Of those embryos, 85 were successfully transplanted into seven beagle surrogates. From those transplanted embryos, just one fully developed during pregnancy.The researchers used beagle surrogates because there were not enough female wolves in the park for the scientists, experiments. Luckily, dogs share enough DNA with wolves for the hybrid pregnancy to gestate （'怀孕） successfully.Maya now lives with her surrogate mother at a Sinogene lab in Xuzhou, eastern China, but the wolf pup will eventually be transferred to Harbin Polar land to live with other Arctic wolves.32. What do we know about Sinogene?A. It specializes in public services.B. It has achieved advances in cloning.C. Ifs the first cloning company in China.D. It's a foreign company based in Beijing.33. How did Sinogene successfully develop the embryo?A. By adopting a new method called SCNT.B. By isolating DNA from dogs9 immature egg cells.C. By combining a wolf embryo with a beagle embryo.D. By inserting a wolf's skin cells into eggs from dogs.34. Why were beagles used in the experiment?A. Because their embryos guaranteed pregnancy.B. Because Arctic wolves had long lived with them.C. Because beagles9 DNA is identical to that of Arctic wolves.D. Because Arctic female wolves used for research were limited.35. What's the purpose of the text?A. To explain a study method of cloning.B. To share a recent scientific achievement.C. To call for the protection of engendered species.D. To introduce a pioneering Chinese cloning company.【答案】32.B33. D 34. D 35. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个中国公司研发出了世界首只克隆北极狼。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段 u A Chinese pet-cloning company has announced the birth of the world's first cloned Arctic wolf（一个中国宠物克隆公司发布了世界首只克隆北极狼的诞生）”和第二段“力/s a breakthrough in the protection and breeding of wild and endangered animals,“ said Mi Jidong,general manager of Sinogene.（ “这是里予 生动物和濒危动物保护和繁殖方面的一个突破，" Sinogene公司的经理Mi Jidong说道）”可推知，Sinogene 公司在克隆方面已经取得了很大的进步。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段 “Sinogene researchers originally created 137 Arctic wolf embryos （胚胎）by joining skin cells from the original Maya with immature egg cells from dogs, using a process known as somatic cell nuclear transfer （SCNT）. Of those embryos, 85 were successfully transplanted into seven beagle surrogates. From those transplanted embryos, just one fully developed during pregnancy.（Sinogene 的研究员最开始通过将原来 Maya 的 皮肤细胞和狗的未成熟的卵细胞结合，利用一种称为体细胞核移植的过程，创造了 137个北极狼胚胎）”可 知，成功地培养胚胎指通过将狼的皮肤细胞植入到狗的卵细胞里。故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The researchers used beagle surrogates because there were not enough female wolves in the park for the scientists，experiments.（研究者使用比格犬作为代孕犬是因为没有足够多的雌狼供科 学家们进行实验）”可知，用比格犬做实验是因为用于研究的北极狼数量有限，故选D。【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段 u A Chinese pet-cloning company has announced the birth of the world's first cloned Arctic wolf, which was carried to term by an unlikely surrogate （替代的）mother 一 a beagle.（一个中国宠物克隆公 司发布了世界首只克隆北极狼的诞生，它是由一个不可能的替代妈妈一一一只比格犬代孕而生）”以及后文 对此研究的详细介绍可推知，本文主要是为了分享北极狼克隆成功这一科研成果。故选B。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分125分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。In 2015,the Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates warned the world in a TED speech that highly infectious viruses would kill millions of people in the future. It remained unnoticed until recently. The video has been watched over 43 million times online so far. 36Based on his beliefs,Gates writes a new book,How to Prevent the Next Pandemic. 3738 He suggests that scientists, data analysts and policy experts across the world work together as a team to prepare for quick response at the future outbreaks of pandemics in different countries and regions. Schedule the arrangements before people shift their attention to other things, he says in the book.Moreover,research and development should be further strengthened. They are to secure that lifesaving tools, effective vaccines of long-term protection,effective treatments and highly sensitive diagnostic techniques can benefit all people at a faster speed. It requires not only investment but also bigger production capacity. 39Lastly,people need to improve health immunization system and early warning systems, especially in low-and-middle-income countries. 40 With early warning systems tracing any outbreak of infectious diseases, people can sequence the genes of viruses as soon as possible to tell how to handle them before they spread. A. To start with,plans should be made.B. Routine immunization should be improved.C. It is about the causes and spread of COVID-19.D. Firstly,more people are encouraged to watch the speech video.E. As a consequence, when the next crisis arrives, people can be ready.F. He be