北京科技大学考研真题综合英语2008.docx

北京科技大学2008年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题试题编号：竺 试题名称：综合英语 （共6页）适用专业：外国语言学与应用语言学英语语言文学说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上 > 做在试题或年稿纸上无效。说明： This paper coversEOUR subjects: (1) A Survey of Great Britain and the United States (2) British Literature, (3) American Literature, and (4) General Linguistics. Ybu have 180 minutes to complete the whole paper.Please time your pace weD.Part I. Survey of Great Britain and the United States (30 points)I. Fill in the blanks: Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished sentence or question four suggested choices marked A, B, C, and D are given. Choose the ONE that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of your choice in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet after the numbers. (10 points)1, British recorded history begins with the which took place in 55 BC.A. CeltsB. Roman invasionC, The Anglo-Saxon invasionD. Norman ConquestPartly fighting for territory and partly for economic interest, the Hundred Years5 War eventually ended with the defeat of in 453,A. EnglandB. FranceC. SpainD. GermanyTwo of the most famous English literary works of the late 17th century were written by Puritans: John Bunyan5 and John Milton's Paradise Lost.A. Vanity FairB. Pilgrim 勺 ProgressC. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight D. BeowulfBritain's two parties originated with. The Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists. The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchy, A. the French RevolutionB. the Civil WarC. the Norman ConquestD. the Glorious Revolution5. As a result of the industrial revolution, Britain was bythe “workshop of the world”： no othercountry was yet ready to compete with her in industrial production.A. 1930B,1620C. 1830D, 17306. The first English colony in America was founded atin 1607. Between 1607 and 1733 theBritish established 13 colonies along the east coast of north America, A二 MaineB. Massachusetts第1页C. PennsylvaniaD. JamestownD. Jamestown7. At the beginning of the American Civil War, the Union army suffered a lot of setbacks. Lincoln realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery. So he issued the famousA. Gettysburg speechB. I have a dreamC, Common SenseD. Emancipation ProclamationTo prevent the collapse of the American economic and political system, Roosevelt made, in the first 100 days in the White House, the Congress pass a large number of acts, which are called.A. the New DealB.theprogram of New FreedomC. the program of Fourteen PointsD.theTruman Doctrine8. The North Atlantic Treaty, signed on April 4, provided that an attack on any of the parties tothe treaties would be regarded as an attack on all, and force, if necessary, would be used to restore and maintain peace and security. This marked the beginning of U.S. efforts in setting up a military alliance around the Soviet Union and its allies.A. 1919B. 1949C.1930D, 1980Watergate Scandal refers to the political consequence, particularly President's resigning, caused by the illegal breaking into the offices of the Democratic National Committee at the Watergate apartment. The illegal breaking turned out to be part of an official plot to defeat the Democrats in the election, A. ReganB. McCarthyC. NixonD. TrumanIL Fill in the blanks: Answer the following questions in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet (20 points,5 for each)1. When did Mrs Thatcher come into power? What are the main contents of Thatcherism?2. What were the causes of the War of 1812 between the U.S. and Britain?3. What was the American foreign policy in the early 1930s? How did the event of Pearl Harbor change America's stance in the II World War?4. What event marked the change of USChina relations from hostility to the re-establishment of diplomatic relations?Part II. British Literature (30 points)Fill in the blanks: write your answers on your Answer Sheet after the numbers. (10 points)1. Of the earliest poetry in English literature, the most important poem now preserved is.2. A sonnet is a poem of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter with various rhyming schemes. It was first written by the Italian poet and introduced to England by Thomas Wyatt. But the bestBritish sonneteer is, whose sonnet consists of three quatrains with a rhyming scheme abab cdcd efef and ends with a couplet rhyming gg.3. British Civil War broke out in 1642. After years of fight, the parliamentary army led by Oliver Cromwell defeated the royal army. Charles I was beheaded in 1649 and England became a.4. The greatest event in the 18th century British literature is the appearance of fiction. Among the early British novelists, Henry fielding might be the most distinguished one, whose masterpiecewas considered as the best constructed novel in Englghi literatye.第2页5. The publication ofby Wordsworth andin 1798 is always considered as a beginning ofBritish romanticism, in which Wordsworth openly expresses his theory of poetry as the spontaneously overflow of emotions,6. During the long reign of, England grew from an agricultural country into an industrialized oneand became the workshop of the world as well as its financial and political center. And during her reign, literature flourished, particularly in the form of,During the 1950s there appeared a group of young writers who were fiercely critical of the established order. They were called “Angry Young men"，a term from 3s play Look Back in Anger.He Identify the title of the work of the following excerpts: write the titles of the works on your Answer Sheets points)L There also was a nun, a Prioress;Simple her way of smiling was and coy. Her greatest oath was only 'By St Loy!'When, in disgrace with fortune and men's eye, I all alone beweep my outcast state, And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries, And look upon myself> and curse my fate 2. Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the Milky Way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay:3. . To die, to sleep;No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache, and the thousand natural shock That flesh is heir to, tis a consummation Devoutly to be wished.4. In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters.5. In Xanadu did Kubla KhanA stately pleasure-dome decree: Where Alph, the sacred river, ran Through caverns measureless to manIt is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. .nMy dear Mr Bennet/' said his lady to him one day, “have you heard that Netherfield Park is let at last?”6. "Do you think I can stay to become nothing to you? Do you think I am an automaton? a machine without feeling? Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? You think wrong ”HL Answer the questions concerning the following poem: write your answers on your Answer Sheet.(2 points)0 WILD West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's being Thou from whose unseen presence the leaves deadAre driven like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing,Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red, Pestilence-stricken multitudes! O thouWho chariotest to their dark wintry bedThe winged seeds, where they lie cold and low)Each like a corpse within its grave, untilThine azure sister of the Spring shall blowHer clarion o'er the dreaming earth, and fill(Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air) With living hues and odours plain and hill;Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;Destroyer and preserver; hear, O hear!1. What images does the poet use to depict the leaves blown by the west wind? Explain it.2. What images does the poet use to depict the seeds lying in the earth? Explain it.3. What images does the poet use to depict the Spring that fills the plain and hill with colors and odours? Explain it,4. Id what way does the west wind work as a destroyer and preserver?Part IH. American Literature (30 points)L Fill in the blanks: write your answers on your Answer Sheet after the numbers. (10 points)1. 3 the author of "The Legend of Sleepy hollow”, was the first American writer of imaginative literature to gain internal recognition and fame.2. As the leading New England Transcendentalism Emerson states in his, which is regarded asthe Bible of Transcendentalism, Cthe universe is composed of Nature and the Soul.”All his life, Hawthorne seems to be haunted by the theme of/ Evil exist in the human heart. Everyone possesses some evil secret as tales likeset out to show.3. Melville is best known as the author of which is one of the world's greatest masterpieces. Oneof the major themes in Melville is 3 which can be best shown in Ahab.4. By the 1870s, New England Renaissance had waned. Hawthorne and Thoreau were dead. Emerson and other New England writers were old and feeble. With such new writers as Howells, Henry James and Twain appearing, the age ofhad arrived.5. By the 1890s, American industrialism not only produced financial giants, but also created a proletariat entirely at the mercy of external forces beyond their control. Under the influence ofconceptslike "the survival of the fittest" and "human beast： new ideas about man and man's place in the universe began to take root in America. In literature, French naturalism appealed to the imagination of such writers as Crane, Norris and.6. Fitzgerald's greatness lies in the fact that he found intuitively in his personal experience the embodiment of that of the nation and created a myth out of American life. The story of The Great Gatsby is a good example. Gatsby's life pattern-at first, then disenchantment, and finally asense of despair -approximates the whole of the American experience.IL Identify the title of the work of the following excerpts: write the titles of the works on your Answer Sheet,邻 points)1. I am invisible man . I am invisible, understand, simply because people refuse to see me. Like the bodiless heads you see sometimes in circus sideshows, it is as though I have been surrounded by mirrors of hard, distorting glass. When they approach me they see only my surroundings, themselves, or figures of their imagination indeed, everything and anything except me.1. 1 celebrate myself, and sing myself,Jfe74-5I loafe and invite my soul,I lean and loafe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.3. We passed the School, where the Children stroveAt Recessin the RingWe passed the fields of Gazing Grain一We passed the Setting Sun一I see Jim before me, all the time, in the day, and in the nighttime, sometimes moonlight, sometimes storms, and we a floating along, talking and singing, and laughing. But somehow I couldn't seem to strike no places to harden me against him, but only the other kind, I'd see him standing my watch on top of hish stead of calling me, so I could go on sleeping; and see him how glad he was when I come out of the fog 4. So much dependsupona red wheelbarrowglazed with rainwaterbeside the whitechickens,5. But, on one side of the portal, and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart ofNature could pity and be kind to him.6. My little horse must think it queerTo stop without a farmhouse nearBetween the woods and frozen lakeThe darkest evening of the year.7. And as I sat there brooding on the old, unknown world, I thought of X5s wonder when he first picked out the green light at the end of Daisy's dock. He had come a long way to this blue lawn, and his dream must have seemed so close that he could hardly fail to grasp it,DI. Essay questions: write your answers on your Answer Sheet.(12 points)L How does Henry James difier from Mark Twain in thematic terms and artistic features?2. Read the except from The Scarlet Letter (in which the minister confesses his sin of adultery to his people) and then answer the questions.With a conclusive motion, he tore away the ministerial band from before his breast. It was revealed! But it were irreverent to describe that revelation. For an instant, the gaze of the horror-stricken multitude was concentrated on the ghastly miracle; while the minister stood, with a flush of triumph in his face, as one who, in the crisis of acutest paiir, had won a victory. Then, down he sank upon the scafibld! Hester partly raised him, and supported his head against her bosom. Old Roger Chillingworth knelt down beside him, with a blank, dull countenance, out of which the life seemed to have departed.“Thou hast escaped me!” he repeated more than once. "Thou hast escaped me!”“May God forgive thee!” said the minister. "Thou, too hast deeply sinned!”1) How do you think of Dimmesdale gesture of revealing the hidden scarlet letter "A" on his breast? Why does the minister do this with "a flush of triumph in his face'3?2) What does Chillingworth mean by saying “Thou hast escaped me!”？3ft 74-6Part Four General Linguistics (60 points)Part I Define the following linguistic terms in your own words (20 points, 4 points each).1. DualityBound morpheme2. Deep structureHie referential theory3. Sapir-Whorf hypothesisPart H Finish the following according to the requirements for each (15 points, 5 points each):1. Does the subject of a sentence always match with the theme? Give an example to support yourself.2. Discuss the difference between sentence meaning and utterance meaning, using the sentence My watch has stopped again as an example.3. Using specific examples to illustrate the difference between entailment and presupposition.Part III Provide as much information as you know about each of the following topics (25 points, 12.5 points each).L What are some of the difierences between the so-called traditional grammar and modem grammar?2. What do you know about the theory of conversational implicature?