江西省新八校2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题（解析版）.docx

江西省东乡一中都昌一中丰城中学赣州中学景德镇二中上饶中学上栗中学新建二中新八校2023届高三第一次联考英语试题 （试卷分150分考试用时120分钟） 注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如改动，用 橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上 无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷（选择题，共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，每小题L5分，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话 仅读一遍。1. What did the man decide to do?A. Go to work on foot. B. Take a sightseeing trip.2. What does the man say about the dish?A. It is a routine offer. B. It is a good bargain.3. Whal's the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife. B. Doctor and patient.4. What time did Jack leave home?C. Start work earlier than usual.C. It is a new dish, on the menu.C. Manager and clerk.A. At 10:30.B. At 10:50.C. At 11:20.5. Whose house is the woman probably visiting for Easter Day?A. Her sister's.B. Her aunt's.C. Her brother's.12. Whal do we know about the solar wind from the (ext?A. It a fleets the corona's temperature.B. Il functions as the surface of the sun.C. It is caused by magnetic forces.D. It comes from the sun's outer atmosphere.13. Why did NASA launch Parker Solar Probe?A. To find out why solar activity happens.B. To know how solar activity influences Earth.C. To get more evidence of the solar wind.D. To take measures (o control the solar wind.14. What are the scientists' attitude to their findings?A. Confused.B. Doubtful.C. Cautious.D. Favorable.15. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A Spacecraft Touches the Sun for (he First TimeParker Uncovers the Secrets of the Solar WindB. NASA Brought New Discoveries about the SunParker Is Designed to Reach the Sun in 2025【答案】12.D13. B 14. C 15. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章介绍了美国国家航空航天局的一艘航天器“帕克太阳探测器”首次进 入太阳最外层的大气层，接触到太阳。【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的 “The American space agency NASA says a spacecraft has entered the sun'soutermost atmosphere for the first time. Scientists announced that Parker Solar Probe traveled through the solar atmosphere's outer edge, known as the corona （日冕）.（美国宇航局称一触宇宙£船首次进入太阳最外层大气 层。科学家们宣布，帕克太阳探测器穿过了太阳大气的外缘，也就是日冕。）”和第二段的“The temperature of the corona is so high that the sun's gravity cannot hold on to it and some solar material escapes from it and goes into space, which causes the solar wind.（日冕的温度很高，太阳的引力无法抓住它,一些太阳物质 从FI冕逃逸到太空中，这就造成了太阳风。）”可知，一些太阳物质会从H冕中逃出，进入太空形成太阳 风，而口冕指太阳大气的最外层，由此可知，太阳风来自太阳大气的外层。故选D。【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Parker Solar Probe was launched in 2018 which mainly studied the solar wind. The sun is actually a magnetic variable star with solar activity happening nearly periodically. Scientists said being able to study the solar wind and the corona close up could help them better understand ktthe way the activity causes changes to the planet we live on”（帕克太阳探测器于2018年发射，主要研究太阳风。太阳实际上是一颗磁变 星，太阳活动几乎周期性地发生。科学家们表示，能够近距离研究太阳风和日冕，可以帮助他们更好地理 解“太阳风活动对我们生活的星球造成的变化方式“。）”可知，“帕克太阳探测器”主要研究太阳风，以 帮助科学家更好地了解太阳活动如何影响我们的地球。故选Bo【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“it took them a few months to examine information from the spacecraft and to confirm the result and that the evidence used included data on magnetic fields and the solar wind, as well as images（他们花了几个月的时间来检查来自航天器的信息，并确认结果，所用的证据包括磁场和太阳风的数 据，以及图像）”和第五段的“but a furlher study is needed to make a confirmalion（但还需要进一步的研究来 证实）”可知，科学家们花费数月时间检查来自航天器的信息并确认结果，并且认为需要开展新研究以确认 “帕克太阳探测器”在8月份是否进入口冕。由此可推断出科学家们对他们的发现的态度是谨慎的。故选Co【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是根据第一段 “The American space agency NASA says a spacecraft has entered the sun's outermost atmosphere fbr the first time. Scientists announced that Parker Solar Probe traveled through the solar atmosphere's outer edge, known as the corona （H 冕）.They described the entry as a successful touch on the sun.（美国宇航局称一艘宇宙飞船首次进入太阳最外层大气层。科学家们宣布，帕克太阳探测器穿过了太阳 大气的外缘，也就是口冕。他们称这次进入是一次成功的太阳之旅。）”可知，本文主要介绍了美国国家航 空航天局的“帕克太阳探测器”首次近距离接近太阳，故A项“Spacecraft Touches the Sun for the First Time（宇宙飞船首次接触太阳）”作标题最佳。故选A。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Love YourselfSometimes it seems easier to love others than it docs to love yourself, but sclf-acccptancc is an important part of developing healthy relationships with others. 16 It also means living your own life as honestly as you can. Luckily, with a little practice and patience, you can learn to love yourself, too.Know the dangers of a lack of self-love. A lack of self-love can lead you to make harmful choices. Il can lead to a harmful dependence on others for validation, which makes people set aside their own needs in order to gain others' approval. 17Discard your negative filter. 18 Too much focus on negative or less favorable events in your, life can make these events seem disproportionately （不成比例地）important. If you find yourself complaining that everything that happens to you is bad. tiy to find a little evidence to the contrary. It is very unlikely that everything is really bad.19. Some people have trouble accepting anything less than perfection from themselves. If you findyourself pursuing perfectionism and feeling negatively about yourself when you arc less than perfect, take three simple steps. Stop your current line of thinking, then focus on the effort that will be required to work toward a goal, and then steadily apply the required effort.Celebrate and reward yourself. This is the fun part of self-love: rewarding yourself! 20 celebrate i（ with a nice dinner at your favorite fancy restaurant. Think of all of （he hard work you do every day, and find a reason to reward yourself with something nice. Buy yourself the new book or video game you've had your eye on.A. Avoid perfectionismReflect on the effects of self-loveB. If you have had a significant accomplishmentWhen you are thinking negatively about yourselfC. It can also prevent emotional recovery and progressLoving yourself means recognizing your own self-worthD. Focusing only on the negatives in your life is a bad habit【答案】16. F 17. E 18. G 19. A 20. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。自我接纳是与他人发展健康关系的重要一环。本文从四个方面介绍了如何爱自己 （接纳自己）：了解及学会奖励自己、不自爱的危害、克服自己的消极看法、避免完美主义以及学会奖励自己。【16题详解】由空后的“It also means living your own life as honestly as you can.（这也意味着你要尽可能诚实地过自己的生 活）”和该段主题可知，空处与这一句是递进关系，都是在讲爱自己意味着什么的相关内容，且F项中 means 一词也与空后一句中的also means相呼应。故F选项“爱自己意味着认识到你的自身价值”符合语 境，故选F。【17题详解】本段的主题句是“Know the dangers of a lack of self-love.（知道缺乏自爱的危险）”可知，本句是对该主题句 的进一步说明。空前一句"It can lead to a harmful dependence on olher.（这会导致对他人的有害依赖）”中的 It can也和E项中的It can also相呼应。故E选项“它还可以阻止情绪的恢复和进步”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】由本段的主题句“Discard your negative filter.（丢弃你的负面滤镜）”可知，本段主要讲述的是应尽量克服自 己的消极想法。分析选项可知，G项对主题句的补充说明，同时又引出了下文要阐述的内容。故G选项 “只关注你生活中消极的东西是一个不好的习惯”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】从空处所在的位置可判断空处应填本段的主题句。本段讲述了 “当你发现自己追求完美，而对自己不够完 美感到消极时可采取的三个简单的步骤”，与A项“避免完美主义”相吻合。此外，我们也可以通过词汇 复现法从本段中找出关键词（perfection, perfectionism和perfect）,选出正确答案。故选A。【20题详解】从结构看，本空应填入一个从句，而C、D两个选项都是从句。从段落的主题句“Celebrate and reward yourself（庆祝并奖励自己）”可知，C项“如果你取得了一项重大的成就”中的“成就”与主题句中的“庆 祝”和“奖励”相呼应。故选C。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题;每小题L5分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。This summer, 14 students from the School of Journalism and Communication, Peking University went on a social practice trip to Nihegou village, Yulin, in Shaanxi Province. They walked across the countryside. 21 the land on foot and engaged in a series of activities. As their iournev 22 the students handed villagers a special and 23giftportrait 肖像）photos of each villager before their leaving.The students 24 those portrait photos in a makeshift photo studio they had 25in the villagecommittee（村委会）building.26 . with a basket of red dates（红枣），a freshly-picked watermelon, or afarming tool in hand, smiling, 27 their plain yet rich lives in front of the cameras. Some 28 next to iheir wives or husbands, or their grandchildren, posing lor a warm and 29 family photo.“Taking portrait photos fbr the 30in the village is what we had thought about doing since our teamwas 31 wrote Zhang Yunling, a graduate student from the School of Journalism and Communication, *and we 32 that while we were in the village we could do something33 fbr the villagers.”Nihegou is a typical senior village where almost al 134 were above 60, and without a single photostudio, the villagers hardly had any 35of taking photos, Zhang explained, adding, t4We hoped to take thisopportunity to shoot some 'formal' photos fbr them and to 36 these aging, hard-working people."Throughout the day of the 37 I had been 38 affected by their emotions and in their smiling faces I could read their pure 39 and the passion they had fbr life?5 Zhang said. uNever before had I feltthe 40 o f photography.21. A. surveyedB. measuredC. ownedD. developed22. A. came into forceB. became a realityC. drew to a closeD. made a big difference23. A. expensiveB. memorableC. magicalD. traditional.24. A. showedB. soldC. collectedD. took25. A. handed overB. put upC. taken downD. given back26. A. StudentsB. VillagersC. JournalistsD. Builders27. A. presentedB. dreamedC. describedD. lived28. A. sleptB. arguedC. satD. lay29. A. artificialB. completeC. classicalD. loving30. A. richB. poorC. disabledD. elderly31. A. formedB. dismissedC. assessedD. enlarged32. A. imaginedB. explainedC. hopedD. answered33. A. reasonableB. meaningfulC. efficientD. important34. A. residentsB. officersC. ladiesD. neighbors35. A. awarenessB.chanceC. moneyD. skill36. A. praiseB.changeC. recordD. attract37. A. researchB. observationC. visitD. shoot38. A. barelyB. possiblyC. constantlyD. occasionally39. A. kindnessB. generosityC. luckD. bravery40. A. cycleB. historyC. goalD. power【答案】21.A22.C23. B 24. D25. B 26. B 27. A28. C 29. D 30. D 31.A 32. C 33. B34. A 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. C39. A 40. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。今年夏天，北京大学新闻与传播学院的14名学生前往陕西省榆林市泥河沟村进 行社会实践。当他们的旅程接近尾声时，学生们在离开前给村民们递上了一份特别的、值得纪念的礼物一一 每位村民的肖像照片。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们穿过乡村，徒步勘测土地，并进行了一系列的活动。A. surveyed调查：B. measured 测量；C. owned 拥有；D. developed 发展。根据后文 “ the land on foot and ” 指勘测土地，应用 survey o 故选Ao【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他们的旅程接近尾声时，学生们在离开前给村民们递上了一份特别的、值得纪 念的礼物每位村民的肖像照片。A. came inlo force生效；B. became a realily成为现实；C. drew to a close渐近结束，告终；D. made a big difference 有影响。根据后文 portrait photos of each villager before their leaving 可知，旅程接近尾声。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们的旅程接近尾声时，学生们在离开前给村民们递上了一份特别的、值得 纪念的礼物 每位村民的肖像照片。A. expensive昂贵的;B. memorable难忘的;C. magical神奇的;D. traditional传统的。根据后文“giflportrait photos of each villager v可知，指一份特别的、值得纪念的礼物一 每位村民的肖像照片。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们在村委会大楼里临时搭起的照相馆里拍了那些肖像照。A. showed展示； B. sold出售;C. collected收集；D. took带走。根据后文“those portrait photos”指拍照,应用动词take。故 选D。25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：学生们在村委会大楼里临时搭起的照相馆里拍了那些肖像照。A. handed over移 交;B. put up 提供，建造;C. taken down 记下；D. given back 归还。根据上文“a makeshift photo studio they had”指搭建的照相馆，应用put upo故选Bo【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：村民们手里拿着一篮红枣，一个刚摘的西瓜，或者一件农具，微笑着在镜头前 展示了他们朴素而富裕的生活。A. Students学生；B. Villagers村民;C. Journalists记者;D. Builders建造 者。根据后文uor a farming tool in handM可知，此处是村民。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：村民们手里拿着一篮红枣，一个刚摘的西瓜，或者一件农具，微笑着在镜头前 展示了他们朴素而富裕的生活。A. presented展示;B. dreamed梦想;C. described描述；D. lived居住。根 据后文“their plain yel rich lives in front of the cameras "指在镜头前展示了他们朴素而富裕的生活。故选 Ao【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些人坐在他们的妻子或丈夫，或他们的孙子孙女旁边，摆出一个温暖的、爱 的家庭照片。A. slept睡觉；B. argued争论;C. sat坐下;D. lay安放。根据后文“next to their wives or husbands, or (heir grandchildren v可知，一些人坐在他们的妻子或丈夫，或他们的孙子孙女旁边，故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些人坐在他们的妻子或丈夫，或他们的孙子孙女旁边，摆出一个温暖的、爱的家庭照片。A. arlificial人工的；B. complete竞争；C. classical经典的；D. loving爱的。根据上文“posing for a warm and”可知，摆出一个温暖的、爱的家庭照片。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“自从我们团队成立以来，我们就一直想为村里的老人拍照，”来自新闻与 传播学院的研究生张云玲写道，“我们希望在村里的时候能为村民们做一些有意义的事情。" A. rich富有 的；B. poor 贫穷的；C. disabled 残疾的;D. elderly 年老的。根据后文 “Nihegou is a typical “senior village"”可知是给老人拍照。故选D°31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“自从我们团队成立以来，我们就一直想为村里的老人拍照，”来自新闻与传 播学院的研究生张云玲写道，“我们希望在村里的时候能为村民们做一些有意义的事情。" A. formed形 成；B. dismissed解散：C. assessed评估;D. enlarged扩大。根据上文“our team was”指团队的成立应用 form。故选 A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“自从我们团队成立以来，我们就一直想为村里的老人拍照，”来自新闻与传 播学院的研究生张云玲写道，“我们希望在村里的时候能为村民们做一些有意义的事情。" A. imagined想 象；B. explained 解释；C. hoped 希望；D. answered 回答。呼应后文 “ We hoped to lake ihis opporlunity to shoot some'formal'photos”指他们希望在村里的时候能为村民们做一些有意义的事情。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“自从我们团队成立以来，我们就一直想为村里的老人拍照，”来自新闻与 传播学院的研究生张云玲写道，“我们希望在村里的时候能为村民们做一些有意义的事情。" A.reasonable合理的；B. meaningful有意义的;C. efficient生效的;D. important重要的。为村名拍照是有意义 的事情。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：泥河沟是一个典型的“老人村”，几乎所有的居民都在60岁以上，没有一个 照相馆，村民们几乎没有机会拍照，张解释说，“我们希望借此机会为他们拍摄一些正式的'照片，并 记录下这些年迈、勤劳的人。" A. residents居民；B. officers军官；C. ladies女士； D. neighbors邻居。根 据后文“the villagers hardly had”可知这里指村子里的村民，即居民。故选A。35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：泥河沟是一个典型的“老人村”，几乎所有的居民都在60岁以上，没有一个 照相馆，村民们几乎没有机会拍照，张解释说，“我们希望借此机会为他们拍摄一些'正式的'照片，并 记录下这些年迈、勤劳的人。" A. awareness意识；B. chance机会；C. money钱；D. skill技能。根据后文“of taking photos”指拍照的机会,故选B。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：泥河沟是一个典型的“老人村”，几乎所有的居民都在60岁以上，没有一个 照相馆，村民们几乎没有机会拍照，张解释说，“我们希望借此机会为他们拍摄一些正式的'照片，并 记录下这些年迈、勤劳的人。" A. praise赞美；B. change改变;C. record记录;D. attract吸引。根据后文“these aging, hard-working people”可知,照片可以记录下这些年迈、勤劳的人。故选C。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在拍摄的这一天里，我一直被他们的情绪所影响，从他们微笑的脸上，我可以读 出他们纯粹的善良和对生活的热情。A. research研究；B. observation观察;C. visit拜访;D. shoot射击，拍 摄。根据上文“opportunity to shoot some'fonnal'photos”可知，这里指拍摄这一天，故选D。【38题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在拍摄的这一天里，我一直被他们的情绪所影响，从他们微笑的脸上，我可以读 出他们纯粹的善良和对生活的热情。A. barely几乎不；B. possibly可能地；C. constantly总是；D. occasionally 偶尔。根据后文“affected by their emotions”指持续被情绪所影响。故选C。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在拍摄的这一天里，我一直被他们的情绪所影响，从他们微笑的脸上，我可以读 出他们纯粹的善良和对生活的热情。A. kindness善良；B.generosity慷慨;C. luck好运;D.bravery勇敢。根 据后文“and the passion they had for life”可知，指纯粹的善良和对生活的热情。故选A。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感觉到摄影的力量。A. cycle自行车;B. history历史;C. goal目标;D. power 力量。根据后文“。f photography”以及上文提到被村民的情绪影响，读出了他们纯粹的善良和对生活的热 情，可知感受到了摄影的力量。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。答案写在答题卡上。As the economic cooperation between China and Chana continues to grow, more and more Ghanaian students are welI 41 (prepare) for (heir future with the Chinese language.The Confucius Institute of (he University of Cape Coast in the southeast of Ghana, 42 (establish) in June 2016, has rolled out various courses, ranging from calligraphy to dance. For most of the time. Ghanaian students at the institute involve 43 (they) in the learning of the Chinese language and traditional Chinese culture. And the institute 44 (see) effects of the study of the Chinese language on lives of many locals so far.“When I first started learning Chinese, it was difficult. But as I progressed, I gradually realizedthe 45 (beautiful) of it J said Belinda Koomson, a student at the institute. t4To be honest, now Tmfonder 46 Chinese than any other subjects." She stressed that the bridge between China and Ghana has been laid, 47 makes it necessary for Ghanaians to learn the Chinese language. "It's best fbr us to lear