UNIT77.3 grammar-【教材解读】2022-2023学年牛津深圳版英语七年级上册.docx

Grammar英汉对译Grammar语法（教材第91页）A The simple past tense 一股过去时We use the simple past tense to talk about things that happened or did not happen in the past. 我们用一股过去时来谈论过去发生或没发生的事情。1 / You / We / They / He / She / It 我/你（们）/我们/他（她、它）们/ 他/她/它attended the Clubs Fair.参加了社团展览会。did not attend the Clubs Fair.没参加社团展览会。We form the simple past tense like this： 我们像这样构成一般过去时：Type of verb 动词种类Simple past form 过去式Example 示例Most verbs大部分动词+edWalk-*walked 步行Verbs ending in-e 以-e结尾的动词+duse-*used 使用Verbs ending in a consonant letter+y以辅音字母+y结尾的动词y+ied 去掉y+iedCarry-* carried 搬运Some verbs ending in a vowel letter+a consonant letter 一些以元音字母+辅音字母 结尾的动词Double the final consonant letter+ed双写最后的辅音字母+eddial_*dialled拨（电话号码）stop-*stopped 停止Work out the rule 找出规律For most verbs» we add+ed to form the simple past tense.大部分动词，我们加ed变成过去式。Things to remember需要记住的事情The simple past tense of some verbs does not follow any rules. For example, 有些动词的过去式不遵循任何规则。例如：bef was / were 是give-* gave 给sleep-*slept 睡觉break-* broke 打破gowent 去take-*took 带走bring-* brought 带来leave-* left离开thinkthought 思考feel->felt感觉makemade 制作weaLwore穿We ask and answer Yes/No questions in the simple past tense like this： 在一般过去时中，我们像这样来提问和回答一般疑问句：Did 助动词 (无词义)1 / you / we / they / he / she / it我/你（们）/我们/ 他（她、它） 们/他/她/它join 加入a school club?学校的一个社团了 吗？Yes, 是的，1 / you / we / they / he / she /it我/你（们）/我们/他（她、 它）们/他/她/它did.加入了！No, 不did not / didnJ t.没有1加入）。Work out the rule 找出规律We use did, i. e. the past form ofdo, to ask and answer Yes/No questions in the simplepast tense. 在一般过去时中，我们用did,即do的过去式来提问和回答一般疑问句：Last weekend, Leo went on a hiking trip. He is telling Linda about his trip. Complete theirconversation with the correctforms ofthe verbs in brackets.上周末，和奥去徒步旅行。他正在告诉琳达关于他的这次旅行的情况。用括号里动词的正确 形式完成他们的对话。Linda： Whatdidyoudoduringtheweekend, Leo?琳达：利奥，你这个周末干什么了？Leo： l(1)went(go)forawalkinthewoods. It(2)was(be)quitehot.利奥：我去树林里散步了。天气相当热。Linda： Didyou(3)take(take)a cap?琳达：你带帽子了吗？Leo： Yes, l(4>did(do). I (5)took(take)my sunglassestoo. But, l(6)dropped(drop)themontotheground and17)broke(break)them!利奥：是的，我带了。我也带了我的太阳镜。但是我把太阳镜掉在了地上捧碎了！Linda： Oh, I'm sorrytohearthat. Whatdidyoudonext?琳达：哦，听到这个消息我很惋惜。那接下来你做什么了？Leo： l(8)felt(feel)tired, so l(9|slept(sleep)under a tree.利奥：我感觉累了，所以我在一棵树下睡觉了。Linda： Did you (1Q)enioy(eniov)vour day out?琳达：你喜欢你在外面的一天吗？Leo： No, ldidn'tfdolilbrokemy sunglassesandl<12)left(leave)mycapon atree!利奥：不，我不喜欢!我摔碎了我的太阳镜。还把我的帽子落在了树上！Ie代是动词leave的过去式，意为“落在”，常与表示地点的介词短语连用。B Time expressions with the simple past tense与一般过去时连用的时间表达We often use time expressions with the simple past tense. 我们经常将时间表达与一般过去时连用。They went to the Clubs Fair 他们去了社团展览会yesterday. 昨天：last month.上个月two weeks ago. 两局前含有ag。的时间状语指的是“一段时间以前“，ago总是放在“一段时间”之后。It is now 9 p.m. on 27 November. Leo is reading some sentences from his diary. What is hethinking?Complete his thought bubbles by using the correct timeexpressions.现在是11月27 Fl晚上9点，翻奥正在读他的日记中的一些句子，他正在想什么呢?用正确 的时间表达来完成他的思想泡泡吧。含有last和ago的时间状语前没有介词。27 September 9 月 27 日 1 went to the Clubs Fair. 我去世团展览会了。11 went to the Clubs Fair two months ago. 两个月前我去社团展览会了。27 October 10 月 27 日1 joined the Hiking Club. 我加入了徒步旅行社团。2 1 joined the Hiking Club a month ago. 一个月前我加入了徒步旅行社团。23 November 11 月 23 日1 went to see a film.我去看电影了。3 1 went to see a film four days ago. 四天前我去看电影了。26November 11 月 26 日1 had a picnic with my friends on Lucky Island yesterday.我和朋友们去幸运岛野餐了。4 1 had a picnic with my friends on Lucky Island yesterday.昨天我和朋友们去幸运岛野餐了。8 p.m., 27November 11 月 27 日晚上八点 1 finished all my homework.我完成了我所有的家庭作业。5 1 finished all my homework an hour ago. 一个小时前我完成了我所有的家庭作业。Finish此处用作及物动词，意为“完成”，后面常跟名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语。单元语法详解析语法解读一般过去时及其时间状语【观察】, My grandfather worked in a factory when he was eight.我爷爷八岁时在工厂工作。, Elsa often walked to school when she was young.埃尔莎小时候经常步行去上学。, What did you have for your breakfast yesterday?你昨天早餐吃的什么?, I bought a bike for my son two days ago.两天前，我给我儿子买了 辆自行车。, I didn* t go to the park with my sister last weekend.上周末我没有和妹妹去公园。【总结】1.用法（1）一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态；（2）一般过去时还可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作或行为：（3）运用一般过去时的句子，含有表示过去的某一具体时间的时间状语，如yesterday（昨 天），two days ago（两天前），lastweekend（上周末）。类似的时间状语还有:justnow（刚才），in+一个过去的年份，this morning（今天早晨）等。2.基本句型谓语动词是be动词句式结构例句肯定句主语+was / were+其他.Linda was very surprised.琳达非常惊 讶。否定句主语+was / were not+其他.Linda was not very surprised.琳达不是 很惊讶。一般疑问句Was / Were+主语+其他？Was Linda very surprised?琳达很惊讶吗？谓语动词是V动词句式结构例句肯定句主语+Ved（动词过去式）+其 他.She took a toy car from the table.她从祟上取下一辆玩具汽车。否定句主语+didn' t+V原形+其他.She didn' t take a toy car from the table.她没有从桌上取下一辆玩具 汽车。一般疑问句Did+主语+V原形+其他？Did she take a toy car from the table?她从案上取下了一辆玩具汽 车吗？【注意】在一般过去时中，“be”表状态，“V”表动作，这两种动词不能同时出现在同一个句子中。3.动词过去式的构成动词过去式分规则变化和不规则变化，不规则变化需要在平时的学习中慢慢积累，而规则变 化应遵循下列规则：类别规则例词一般情况下直接+edhelp-helped以不发音的“e”结尾的动词直接+dhopehoped以辅音字母加“y”结尾的动 词把y改成i+edcopycopied一些以元音字母加辅音字母 结尾的动词双写末尾辅音字母+edstop-stopped中考真题()1.(重庆市中考)They don' t live here any longer. Theyto Chengdu last month.A. move B. moved C. will move D. are moving()2.(北京市中考)David is a tennis player. Heto play tennis when he was six years old.A. begins B. will begin C. began D. has begun()3.(昆明市中考)一How was the volleyball game yesterday?Oh, it was fantastic!Weso much fun.A. have B. had C. are having D. will have()4.(娄底市中考)一Ito the cinema yesterday.-It* s a pity. You didn, t invite me.A. go B. went C. have gone()5.(长沙市中考)一Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight?No, litlast week.A. see B. have seen C. saw点拨1 .由时间状语“last month”可知，此题应该用一般过去时。故选B。2 .由从句“when he was six years old”可知,此题应该用一般过去时。故选C。3 .由时间状语“yesterday”可知，此题应该用一般过去时。故选B。4 .由时间状语“yesterday”可知，此题应该用一般过去时。故选B,.5 .由时间状语“last week”可知，此题应该用一般过去时。故选C。