2023北京房山高三（上）期末英语（教师版）.docx

2023北京房山高三（上）期末英 语第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共1（）小题;每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was a windy day. I was walking in a forest when I saw a baby squirrel （松鼠）,who fell out of its nest, lying on the ground. I tried many times （o put it back, but failed. After waiting over two hours, I found il couldn't 2. so I decided to take it to my home for the night.Once at home, I realized the squirrel, who I named Cathy, was still uncomfortable. I discovered that there were some weeds on her body, so I gave her a 3 and got her all cleaned up. Three days later, Cathy could move in the room. To our delight, she got 4 to me and my family. I gave a lot of time and attention to her, and even made her a nest. Every day, I fed her a combination of healthy foods, including fruits, vegetables, and nuts. Under my 5. the baby member got better and better. Everyone who came to my home loved her, and sheeven 6 with my two dogs.One week later, Cathy recovered 7.1 realized it was the right time for her to leave. I 8 herinto （he wild several times, but she just kept coming back! Maybe she was so 9 that I saved her, and expressed it in her own way.At last, with the help of my friend, the squirrel went into the wild. 44Cathy has brought a lot of10into my life, and it1. A. calmseems that she feels the same way!”B. silentC. weakD. curious2. A. waveB. seeC. approachD. move3. A. rideB. bathC. choiceD. trick4. A. ruderB. noblerC. closerD. noisier5. A. careB. controlC. guidanceD. praise6. A. put upB. got awayC. broke upD. got along7. A. completelyB. differentlyC. anxiouslyD. disappointedly8. A. riskedB. threwC. hidD. released9. A. happyB. confidentC. gratefulD. proud10. A. securityB.joyC. courageD. freedom第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Last weekend, I participated in a clcan-up activity. It was organized by an organization 11 aimed to protect natural parks. Our team leader, Joe, 12 （take） us to a park outside the city. He divided us into two groups and we worked for several hours. 13 made us happy was that the park looked cleaner than it had looked before. It was absolutely worth our effort! There'll be another clean-up activity in the green belt next Saturday. I'll join too.【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我几次把她放回野外，但她总是回来！ A. risked冒险；B. threw抛、丢弃；C. hid 隐藏；D. released 释放、松开。根据前面 “I realized it was the right lime for her to leave.M 可知，此处是 要将小松鼠放回野外。故选D项。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许她很感激我救了她，并以她自己的方式表达出来。A. happy开心的、幸 福的；B. confident自信的：C. grateful感激的：D.proud骄傲的、自豪的。根据后面的“I saved her, and expressed it in her own way n可知，我救了它，说明它是在用自己的方式感激我。故选C项【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯茜给我的生活带来了很多快乐，看来她也这么觉得！ A. security安全；B.joy 喜悦、快乐；C. courage 勇气；D. freedom 自由。根据上文 “To ourdelight, she got 4 to me and my family. " 以及“Everyone who came to my home loved her, and she even 6 with my two dogs. ” 可知，此处指小松鼠给我们带来了很多快乐。故选B项。第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】11. which#that12. took 13. What【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者参与清扫活动的经历。11题详解】考查定语从句。句意：它是由一个旨在保护自然公园的组织组织的。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一 个从句，修饰前面的名词organization,这是一个定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词表示物，故可用 which 或 that 引导。故填 which 或 thato【12题详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们领队乔带我们去城外的一个公园。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应 用动词，其主语为。ur team leader,二者之间为主动关系，用主动语态，结合上下文动词时态可知，本文 通篇都在描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填1。匕【13题详解】考杳名词性从句。句意：使我们高兴的是公园看起来比以前干净多了。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导 一个从句，整个从句作was的主语，这是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示物，应用what引导，设空 处位于句首，需首字母大写。故填What。【答案】14. researcherssuggested15. traditionalbe avoided【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。中国研究人员在海底部署了原位科学实验站，使得深海科学研究成为可能，文章 介绍了实验站的工作原理。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：中国研究人员已经在海底部署了一个原位科学实验站，这将使长期无人在深海进行科学 研究成为可能。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作主语，应用名词，结合谓语动词have deployed可知，谓语 为复数形式，故主语也需用复数形式。故填researchers。【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：原位科学实验站是近年来中国提出的一种新型深海系统。分析句子可知，句中已 有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语为a new deep-sea system,和动词suggest二者之 间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，此处整个分词短语作后置定语。故填suggested。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：通常，传统的海洋调查从海底采集样本，然后在陆地实验室进行测试。分析句子可 知，设空处在句中作定语，修饰后面的marine surveys,此处应填形容词，tradition的形容词形式为 traditional,表示“传统的"。故填radilional。【17题详解】考查动词语态。句意：在深海进行原位测试，可以避免由于环境变化造成样品数据的损坏或丢失。分析句 子可知，设空处在句中和前面的can 起构成谓语，主语为damage or loss of sample data,与avoid之间为 被动关系，故此处应用被动语态be done结构。故填be avoided（【答案】18. closely19. its 20. facing【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竹子在中国所象征的意义。【18题详解】考查副词。句意：它总是与人的积极精神密切相关。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰后面的形容词 related,故应用副词形式，结合句意可知，此处表示“密切相关”，应用closely,表示“紧密地、密切 地”。故填 closely。【19题详解】考杳代词。句意：例如，它的深根象征决心，而直而中空的茎代表正直和谦虚。分析句子可知，设空处在 句中限定后面的deep root,结合句意及提示词可知，此处表示“它的深根”，应用形容词性物主代词its。 故填itSo【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：竹文化一直在鼓励中国人面对困难时坚持不懈地发挥着积极的作用。分析句子可 知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语为Chinese people,二者之间为主动关 系，应用现在分词doing；此处是一个when引导的时间状语从句的省略，原句应为when they are facing tough situations,此处将主语和be动词省略了。故填facing。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题;每小题2分，共28分）【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个不同地方的创意图书馆，其目的是鼓励人们阅读。21题详解】细节理解题。根据 Stuttgart City Library （Stuttgart, Germany）中的 uThis cultural center for the city, designed to feel open and full of light, can be entered from any of its four sides, and people can borrow artwork as well as books.（这座城市的文化中心设计得很开放，光线充足，可以从四面进入，人们可以借阅艺术品和书籍。）” 可知，人们可以从这个图书馆借艺术作品和书。故选B项。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据 Macquarie University Libraiy （Sydney, Australia）111 fi'J u A wonderful combination of cutting- edge and sustainable ideas, this building was made from recycled materials, features a green roof, and was designed to look like the shape of a eucalyptus tree. Il is also state of the art, using robot cranes （o bring requested books to the front dcsk.（这座建筑是尖端技术和可持续理念的完美结合，由回收材料建造，有绿色屋顶，设计模仿椽 树的外观。它也是最先进的，使用机器人起重机将所需的书籍送到前台。）”可知，Macquarie University Library将尖端技术与可持续理念完美结合，由机器人起重机将所需书籍送到前台。由此可知，该图书馆非 常智能，对环境也很友好。故选A项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段"Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve i（, these novel libraries are keeping （he magic of reading alive.（有些图书馆以独特的 建筑外观吸引游客在书架间探索、专心阅读一本新书，或通过流动图书馆服务，将书籍带给不便于到馆的 读者。无论方式如何，这些别具一格的图书馆都让阅读的魔力经久不衰。）”可知，文章介绍的这些图书馆 归根结底都有一个目的，就是吸引读者阅读、鼓励读者阅读。故选C项。【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了从小受家庭影响的徐，在家制作中国结，并根据自己拍摄的照片编 制中国结获得大众喜爱，同时利用自己的广告设计专业优势进行创新，弘扬中国传统文化，成为非物质文 化遗产继承人，帮助同乡的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段“As an advertising design major, she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design, and can use various threads to make small, exquisite designs. She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.M （作为一名广告 设计专业的学生，她根据自己的设计知识，制作了创新的结，并能利用各种线制作出精美的小图案。她创 作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节口、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐利用设计知识可以制作和中国传 统文化相关的创意中国结。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段后两句 "Her products include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls, car ornaments, cellphone chains and jewelry. "I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be better developed and passed down when it meets people's needs in daily life/5 says Xu."（她的产品包括可以挂在墙上的不同大小的 装饰品、汽车装饰品、手机链和珠宝。他说：“我相信，非物质文化遗产在满足人们日常生活需要的时 候，才能得到更好的发展和传承。”）可知，她设计产品的重点是人们的日常需求。故选B项。【26题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段最后一句 " She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.M （她创作 了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节 日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐是一个有创造力的人。由文章倒数第二段的首句“Xu has also been generous in helping others.w （徐一直慷慨地帮助他人。）可知，徐是一位热心的人。故选D项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第一段最后一句"Xu became a city-level inheritor of this provincial-level intangible cultural heritage in 2009, and has been devoted to developing the craft since then. ” （2009 年，他成为了这一省 级非物质文化遗产的市级传承人，此后一直致力于发展这一技艺。）和第五段首句“Chen, an online follower, has been teaching how to make knots in the United Arab Emirates.n （陈是一名在线粉丝，一直在阿 拉伯联合酋长国教授如何制作中国结。）可知，文章主要讲述了徐在家制作中国结，弘扬中国传统文化， 成为非物质文化遗产继承人，在她的影响下，中国结这一传统中国手工艺已经走向世界。所以A项“中国 传统工艺走向世界”适合做文章标题。故选A项。【答案】28. B 29. A 30. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章开篇提出随着科技的发展，无纸化已经成为了一种新趋势，问手写会不会完 全被打字替代，然后举例说明了手写带来的好处，认为手写是有益的。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段 “With the development of technology, upaperless, seems to be the new trend. Instead of writing by hand, people began to use computers to type in order to produce text quickly. Some people said word processing made producing and editing text much easier. Will handwriting be completely replaced by lYDine?（随着科技的发展,“无纸化”似乎是一种新的趋势。人们开始用电脑打字来代替手写，以便快速生 成文本。些人说，文字处理使文本的制作和编辑变得更加容易。手写会被打字完全取代吗?）”可知，文 章开篇提出了 “无纸化”是一种新趋势，然后以设问“手写会完全被打字取代吗？ ” ；结合下文内容可 知，文章第二、三、四、五段都分别举了例子来进行反驳；由此可推知，第一段最后一句的设问是为了引 出话题。故选B项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的"Not only that, but the study's authors also found that writing by hand could promote “de印 encoding or processing in a way that typing does not.（不仅如此,该研究的作者还发现，手写可 以促进“深度编码或处理”，而打字则不行。）”可知，手写可以促进“深度编码或处理”；第三段中的uThey found that the students using laptops tended to write down what the professor said word for word, while those who took notes by hand were more likely to listen to what was being said, analyzing it for important content and ''processing information and refraining it in their own words.”（他们发现，使用笔记本电脑的学生倾向于逐 字逐句地记下教授所说的内容，而用手记笔记的学生更倾向于倾听教授所说的内容，分析其中的重要内 容，“处理信息并用自己的话重新组织。可知，用手写记笔记的学生更倾向”处理信息并用自己的话 重新组织”；第四段中的 ° The most annoying thing about writing by hand is also what makes it so effective for learning.（手写最让人讨厌的地方，也是它对学习如此有效的原因。）”可知，手写对学习很有效；第五段中 的 “"In the same vein, writing in longhand also allows people to really figure out what they mean to say,” Oppenheimer says, “which may help sclf-cxprcssion.”（奥本海默说：“同样，手写也能让人们真正明白自己想 说什么，这可能有助于自我表达。可知，手写能让人真正明白自己想说什么，有助于自我表达。由此 可知，手写其实比打字更能让人深度思考。故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"Our keyboards are great for a lot of things. But sometimes, there's no replacing the feeling of spreading out a clean sheet of paper, uncapping a beloved pen, and letting the ink flow.（我 们的键盘在很多方面都很好用。但有时候，摊开一张干净的纸，打开心爱的钢笔，让墨水流淌的感觉是无 与伦比的。）”可知，作者认为虽然键盘很好用，但摊开一张干净的纸，打开心爱的钢笔，让墨水流淌的感 觉是无与伦比的。由此可知，作者认为手写是有益的，故选D项。【答案】31.C32. D 33. A 34. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着海洋中塑料垃圾的增多，科学家们正试图通过水母的黏液研究解决海洋中微 塑料的方法。131题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段 “In recent years, tiny pieces of plastic called microplastic have been a significant problem for the world's seas and oceans.（近年来，被称为微塑料的微小塑料碎片已经成为世界海洋的一个重 大问题）”可知，本段主要介绍了微塑料近年来已经成为世界海洋面临的一个重大问题。由此可推知，本段 主要介绍了世界海洋面临的问题。故选C项。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“ Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilitiesit can absorb, take in liquids and other suhstances.（安娜罗特博士发现这种粘液有很强的吸收能 力一它可以吸收液体和其他物质）”可知，水母的黏液可以吸收液体和其他物质。故选D项。【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第六段中的 “Scientists arc hoping that the mucus's absorptive propertiesits abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them, will allow i（ to trap particles of plastic floating in the sea.（科学 家们希望黏液的吸收特性一一它吸收液体和其他物质，并容纳它们的能力一一能让它捕获漂浮在海里的塑 料颗粒）”可知，absorptive properties 与后面的 its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them 为同义表达，此处表示“吸收液体和其他物质，并容纳它们的能力”，由此可推知，此处指“吸收特 性”,properties为property的复数形式,原意为“特性”，与quality互为同义表达。故选A项。【34题详解】推理判断题。阅读文章内容可知，文章开篇通过水母引出话题，第二段“Now sciemific research is discovering that these rubbery sea creatures might provide an answer-a sticky solution to the problem of plastic pollulion.（现在，科学研究发现，这些橡胶状的海洋生物可能会为塑料污染问题提供一个棘手的解决方 案）”提到了水母这种生物可能为塑料污染问题提供解决方案：第三、四、五、六段介绍了 Ana Roller博士 利用水母的黏液吸收海洋微塑料垃圾的相关研究。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的在于介绍一种 有望解决海洋塑料垃圾的科学研究。故选D项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）【答案】35. E 36. F 37. B 38. C 39. G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是幸福，幸福从哪里来，怎么获得幸福。【35题详解】上文 “ Happiness is considered very important in life. It is so powerful that it affects many things in your life your sleep, relationships, health, study and work.（幸福被认为是生活中非常重要的。它是如此强大，以至于它 影响着你生活中的许多事情一一睡眠、人际关系、健康、学习和工作。）”提到了幸福的重要性，影响着生 活中许多东西； 下文 “ Happiness doesn't happen spontaneouslyit requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us.（幸福不是自然而然发生的它需要有计划地追求对我们重要的事情。）”提到了幸福不是 自然而然发生的，需要有计划地追求，此处开始介绍获得幸福的方式。由此可推知，设空处为过渡句，需 要引出下文。E 项 “Happiness is not something ready-made, but comes from your own actions/幸福不是现成 的，而是来自于你自己的行动。）”恰好能引出下文。故选E项。【36题详解】上文 u Happiness doesn't happen spontaneouslyit requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us.（幸 福不是自然而然发生的它需要有计划地追求对我们重要的事情。）”提到了幸福不是自然而然发生的， 需要有计划地追求;下文"Il's necessary to set goals to look forward to and follow an actionable plan to achieve them, which can boost your self-confidence and reduce stress and anxiety.（设定目标并遵循可行的计划来实现它 们是很有必要的，这可以增强你的自信，减少压力和焦虑。）”提到了设定目标并按可行的计划来实现很有 必要。由此可推知，此处与“按照计划设定目标”息息相关，F J® uGoal setting is important, since it forms ihe outline for ihe life you envision.（设定目标很重要,因为它勾勒出了你想象的生活的轮廓。）”与上下文对 应，故选F项。37题详解】设空处位于段首，需能概括本段内容；下文 u When you are feeling negative about yourself, ask yourself what advice you would give a friend who was down on himself or herself.（当你对自己感到消极时,问问自己，你会 给一个对自己失望的朋友什么建议。）”提到了当对自己感到消极时，问问自己会给对自己失望的朋友什么 建议。由此可推知，本段重点强调“自己”，把自己当成朋友。B项“Sometimes, you need to （real yourself like a friend.（有时候，你需要像对待朋友样对待自己。）”与下文对应。故选B项。【38题详解】根据段首句“Keeping moving is also a good way.（保持运动也是一个好方法）”可知，本段与运动息息相关； 上文 “We don't know if moving makes you happy or if happy people just move more, but we do know （hat more activity goes hand-in-hand with better health and greater happiness4我们不知道运动是否会让你快乐,或者快乐 的人只是多运动，但我们知道更多的运动与更好的健康和更大的快乐相伴而生。）”提到了运动与健康和快 乐相伴;下文 Sunlight makes a difference. Spend time outside or live in a space with natural light.（阳光也有影 响。花时间在户外或有自然光的地方生活。）”提到了去户外或有自然光的地方生活。由此可知，此处是建 议去户外运动。C 项 aStudies also support that spending time in nature is good for you.（研外也表明,花时间在 大自然中对你有好处。）”与上下文对应。故选C项。【39题详解】上文 上 is surely that our happiness is linked with the happiness of others.（毫无疑问,我们的幸福是与他人的 幸福联系在一起的。）”提到了我们的幸福与他人的幸福有关；下文“Happiness is infectious, so stay with people who are happy, supportive and give you positive feedback.（幸福是会传染的，所以和幸福的、支持你 的、能给你积极反馈的人呆在一起。）”提到了幸福会传染：由此可推知，此处是在建议和幸福的人待在一 起。G 项 u People who arc surrounded by happy people arc more likely to become happy.（被快乐的人包围的人 更有可能变得快乐。）”与上下文对应。故选G项。第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）答案40. The Grand Canal has played an important role in ensuring China's economic prosperity and stability. 41. cultural relics and sites on both banks are considered a top priority for protection by the local govemment.42. The part “the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial dcvcloDmcnt." is wrong. According to the content of the development plan. The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.43. To protect UNESCO World Heritage sites , we can not only use the news media to arouse people's awareness of preservation but also enforce laws to intensify the protection. Besides, the school should implant the education of protecting cultural heritages.【解析】【导语】这是一-篇说明文。文章介绍了京杭大运河在国内外的重要地位以及北京政府对于京杭大运河北京段 未来的两个发展计划。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第二段 “It has played an important role in ensuring China's economic prosperity and stability, and is in use today as a major means of transportation.（它在确保中国经济繁荣稳定方面起到了重要的 作用并在今天被用作主要的交通手段”可知，京杭大运河在确保中国经济繁荣稳定方面起到了重要的 作用，故