北京市石景山区2022-2023学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）.docx

石景山区2022- -2023学年高一第一学期期末试卷英语试卷本试卷共1（）页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上 作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分:知识运用（共两节,30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题L5分,共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。On a cold winter evening, Ted was walking home when suddenly came screams from behind some trees. I , he slowed down to listen, and realized a boy was being robbed （抢劫）not far from where he stood.u Should I go to help him? " Ted thought. He was worried about his own 2 and regretted having decided to take a new way home that night. "What if T m hurt too? Shouldn't I just rush to the nearest phone and call the police?But already the boy's cries were growing 3. He knew it was time for him to act fast.Ted was not a 4 man, but once he had finally determined to help the boy, he became suddenly changed. Ted ran behind the trees and 5 the robber off the boy. Struggling, both of them fell to the ground, where they fought for a few minutes until the man jumped up and 67 heavily. Ted stood up and came up to the boy, who was still crying. In the darkness, he could not see him clearly, but he could certainly feel the boy's shock. Not wanting to frighten him any further, Ted spoke to him from a 8"Il's OK, " Ted said 9" The man ran away. You're safe.M There was a long stop and then he heardthe words, said in both wonder and 10, Dad, is that you? ” And then, from behind the trees, stepped outTed's youngest son, Tommy!1. A. FrightenedB. ExcitedC. EncouragedD. Disappointed2. A. secretB. futureC. safetyD. family3. A. deeperB.weakerC. calmerD. farther4. A. kindB. strictC. meanD. brave5. A. pulledB. droppedC. turnedD. cleared6. A. escapedB. foughtC.succeededD. rested7 A. WalkingB. PressingC. SufferingD. Breathing8. A. treeB. cornerC. distanceD. store9. A. brieflyB. firmlyC. softlyD. happily10. A. peaceB. surpriseC. painD. anger【答案】l.A 2.C3. B 4. D 5. A6. A 7. D 8.C9. C 10. B【解析】Properly（记住当下，合理拍照）适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。DThe first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade. A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumped onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age. On the other hand, I hesitated. I only knew the basics, but was foreign to some words on social media.All throughout middle school, I stuck with the same thinking. And now, as a freshman in college, I am looking back and wondering why I, unlike my classmates, have never been naturally interested in social media.Scanning Instagram, you ought to find dozens of pictures of people in beautiful countries, taking part in exciting activities, and spending （ime with friends and family, among many other things. The thought of doing this has never related to me. I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others. However, I have never had any interest in doing （he same. In my eyes, when not shared with others, family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as nieaningfui, if not more so.Most people have experienced feeling insecure （不安全）and unconfidcnt on social media. Images that arc changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual. Tve never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted（彳更4心、）by social media.While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages. With homework and after-class activities consuming the majority of my day, I cannot wait to finish every task on my to-do list, so I can finally spend time with my family or have some time for myself to relax from my busy day. 31. What can we know from the first two paragraphs?A. Social media are popular in schools.B. Young pupils suffer from social media.C. The author has no access to social media.D. Social media contribute to students' study.32. From paragraph 3, wc can know that.A. students get easily distracted by social mediapictures of people taking part in exciting activities arc not realB. family gatherings are not meaningful if not shared with othersthe author never shares aspects of his lives with others on social media33. Why do people using social media might feel insecure?A. They post their images on social media.B. They follow other people's beauty standards totally.C. Social media change the way they look at themselves.D. Social media encourage them to be a unique individual.34. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. A to-do list can stop people using social media. B. Social media can waste people's valuable time.C. Spending time with family always enjoys first priority. D. Students pay more attention to social media than to study.【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要从作者对自己不喜欢社交媒体的这一心理的反思入手，针对社交媒 体对当下人们的影响进行思考和论述。31题详解】推理判断题。文章前两段讲述了作者身边的人及作者本人对社交媒体平台的态度，结合第一段前两句 “The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade. A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumped onto platforms like Instagram al such a young age.（我第一次听说同 学们使用社交媒体是在四年级的时候。我的很多朋友和同学在很小的时候就兴奋地登上了 Instagram这样 的平台）”可知，在四年级的时候，作者的朋友和同学就纷纷参与到社交媒体平台，由此可推知，社交媒 体很受学生欢迎。故选A项。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“The thought of doing this has never related to me. I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others. However, I have never had any interest in doing the same. In my eyes, when not shared with others, family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful, if not more so.（我从来没想过要这么做。我尊重并 理解那些相信使用社交媒体可以让他们表达自己并与他人分享生活的人。然而，我从来没有兴趣做同样 的事情。在我看来，家庭聚会和朋友聚会在不与人分享的情况下，同样有意义，甚至更有意义）”可知， 作者从来没有在社交媒体上分享自己与朋友和家人共度时光的照片。故选D项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段 “Most people have experienced feeling insecure and unconfident on social media. Images that arc changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media, I knew （hat using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I've never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.（大多数人在社交媒体上都有过不安全感和缺乏自信的经 历。被改变的照片代表着不切实际的美丽标准，只有通过危险的方式才能获得。即使不使用社交媒体， 我也知道使用Instagram和Facebook等应用程序会让我在所有方面都感到尴尬，而这些方面却会让我成为 一个独一无二的人。我从来都不想在看到社交媒体上的帖子后，立即将自己和自己的生活与其进行比 较）”可知，社交媒体平台上的图片等内容可能是经过编辑的，一些美丽标准是不容易实现的。且这些社 交媒体容易让人产生对比心理，阅读者往往将博主的生活和自己的生活进行对比，使自己对自己的看法 产生变化，而作者不同于他人，作者是不想这样去对比的。由此可推知，使用社交媒体的人之所以会感 到不安全是因为社交媒体使人们之间产生对比，改变了人们看待自己的方式。故选C项。34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句"I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted by social media. While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages/我经常观察到我的同学很容易被社交媒体分心。在努力完成家庭作业的 同时，他们有一种强烈的冲动，想打开Instagram或Facebook,看看是否有新消息）”可知，社交媒体会 影响完成作业的进度，使得人们浪费宝贵的时间去关注社交动态。故选B项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to deal with your homeworkWrite it down. 35 Always be sure to write down all the homework so you won't forget anything.Create a homework station. Find somewhere comfortable and quiet to do your home work. 36 It will take twice as long to get ihe homework done. Shut off your cell phone, log off （退出）your computer （unless you need it fbr your homework） and close the door.Do homework as early as possible. Don't leave homework to the last minute. 37 The earlier you start your homework, the sooner you will finish! Do all your homework as early as you can, so you don't have a pile of （一堆）homework the next day.38 Think about how long it will take you to complete homework for each subject. For example: English-ten minutes, scicncc-tcn minutes, math-forty minutes, history-twenty minutes.Treat yourself. You can easily get tired by sitting through an hour or two of homework without stopping. Once you finish homework for a subject, take a small break （no more than 15 minutes）. Either taking a walk or finding something to eat will do. But do not tum on the TV or you'll never go back to your study. 39 A. Use your time wisely.B. Start as soon as you get home.C. Start with your hardest homework.D. Do not bum the midnight oil, either.E. Never do your homework in front of the TV.F. After short breaks, return to finish the rest of your homework.G. Keep a homework notebook where you record all your homework.【答案】35. G 36. E 37. B 38. A 39. F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，作者旨在给读者就如何写作业提出了建议。【35题详解】前文 “Write it down.M （写下作业。）和后文 “Always be sure to write down all the homework so you won't forget anything."（一定要把所有的作业都写下来，这样你就不会忘记任何东西。）可推测登记作'也需要使 用到一个笔记本，把作业都记在笔记本上，选项G意思为“使用作业笔记本记录所有作业。，符合语 境。故选G项。【36题详解】前文“Create a homework stalion."（创建作业站。）告诉读者要为写作业制造一个独立的空间；后文“h will take twice as long to get the homework done. ” （完成作业需要两倍的时间。）可知代词it指代的应该是 影响写作业效率的场所。在电视机面前写作业可想而知，效率不高，选项E意为“不要在电视剧面前写 作业”符合语境。故选E项。37题详解】前文本段主旨句"D。homework as early as possible."（尽可能快去写作.业。）可知本段主要说明写作业的 时间安排要尽早。选项B意为“你一回家立马做作业。”符合语境。故选B项。【38题详解】后文 “Think about how long it will take you to complete homework for each subject.,（想想你要花多长时间 才能完成每个科目的家庭作业。）可知本段讲述的是各科时间分配问题。选项A意为“明智地使用时 间。”符合语境，可作第四段的主题句。故选A项。【39题详解】前文“You can easily gel tired by sitting through an hour or two of homework without stopping." （坐着完白戈 两个小时的作业而不停下来，你很容易感到疲劳。）指出做作业时不休息容易疲劳，不太好。即意味着作 者建议写作业的建议也需要休息，需要劳逸结合。选项F意为“短暂休息后，【可来完成剩余的作业。” 符合语境。故选F项。第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节:阅读表达（共4小题;第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Adilah was 10 years old when she started reading newspaper stories. One story was about sharks. They had plastic in their stomachs. Adilah knew she needed to do something. First, she joined a group. It organized clean-up activities in Dubai, her home city. 4*The group helps me understand what a person can do and how I can really make a difference." she says.Then Adilah created Kids for a Better World. Its goal is to fight climate change. It has brought together nearly 10, 000 youths. They come from all over the world. Kids for a Better World is for people aged 8 to 16. It teaches them about what they can do to deal with climate change. They can grow food or plant trees. They can collect recyclables. 4lThis is the information which can help change our future." Adilah says.Dubai is a desert big city. Growing up there has made Adilah understand the need for action. Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply. She believes young people can bring attention to these environmental challenges.Adilah is all about small actions. But she has big plans. She'd like to go to college in California. While she's there, she'll continue being an activist. She wil I also be running Kids for a Better World. She hopes to encourage others to fight for a greener planet.40. Where is Adilah's home city?41. What risks does Adilah's city face?42. Please underline the false part in the following statement and explain why.AAdilah created Kids for a Better World, whose goal is to teach youths how to grow food or plant trees.43. Among Adilah's qualities, which onc（s） do you think will be important for us? Why? （In about 40 words）【答案】40. Ifs in Dubai.41. It faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply.42. Adilah created Kids fora Better World, whose goal is to teach youths how to g w food or plant trees. Because according to the statement in paragraph 2 of the passage “Ils goal is to fight climate change"，we can know that the goal of Kids for a Better World is to fight climate change.43. Being ambitious is important . Because according lo the last paragraph, we can learn that she is ambitious as she has big plans, which can help her to organize and encourage youths to fight for a greener planet.【解析】【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Adilah的女孩，为了保护家乡的环境，应对不断变化的 气候而做出的努力。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段 “It organized clean-up activities in Dubai, her home city.（它在迪拜、她的家 乡组织了清洁活动。）可知，Adilah的家乡城市在迪拜。故答案为：Ms in Dubai.41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply. " （她所在 的城市面临着气温上升和供水减少的风险。）可知，Adilah的城市面临着气温上升和供水减少的风险。故 答案为：It faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply.42题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段 “Then Adilah created Kids for a Better World. Ils goal is to fight climate change. w （然后Adilah创造了儿童更美好的世界，其目标是对抗气候变化。）可知,Adilah创建的Kids for Better World的目标对抗气候变化，而不是种植食物或树木，所以题目中所给句子中的“grow food or plant treesT,（种植食物或树木）是错误的,为划线部分；用英语解释原因,答案为：Because according to the statement in paragraph 2 of the passage "its goal is to fight climate change”, we can know that the goal of Kids for a Better World is to fight climate change.【43题详解】开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据最后一段“But she has big plans. "（但她有远大的计划）和“she，11 continue being an activist. She wil i also be running Kids for a Better World. She hopes to encourage others to fight for a greener planet."（她会继续做一个积极分子，她还将运营Kid for a Better World,她希望鼓励其 他人为绿色地球而奋斗。）并结合全文可知，她是个有雄心壮志的人，这一点可以帮助组织并鼓励青少年 们为保护环境、建造绿色家园而努力，对我们是很重要的。故答案为：Being ambitious is important. Because according to the last paragraph, we can learn that she is ambitious as she has big plans, which can help her to organize and encourage youths to fight for a greener planet.第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高学生李华。你 英国好友Jim在他所在城市举办的主题为“Protecting World Wildlife”海报设计大赛中，获得一等奖。请给Jim写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1 .祝贺他获奖；.肯定他的才华。注意：I.词数100字左右：2 .开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,I am more (han delighted to hear that you have won the first prize in the poster design competition with the theme of''Protecting World Wildlifb" held in your city. Congratulations!As your best friend, I am very proud of you! I know you are good at poster design. You have rich imagination and creativity. At the same time, you have really made a lot of efforts. Your efforts have finally paid off. I hope I could do as well as you. Could you share your successful experience with me?I'd appreciate it if you could write me back soon and give me some guidance and help. Congratulations again!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国笔友Peter写封信，介绍今天参加的一个关于因特网 的优劣的辩论会。【详解】1.词汇积累举办：hold-conduct分享：share>partake of高兴的：delighted>glad为感到骄傲：be proud of =take pride in.句式拓展合并简单句原句： At the same time, you have really made a lot of efforts. Your efforts have finally paid off.拓展句： At the same time, you have really made a lot of efforts and your efforts have finally paid off.点睛高分句型 1 I am more than delighted to hear that you have won the first prize in the poster design competition with the theme of Protecting World Wildlife” held in your city.（运用了 that 引导的宾语从句及过 去分词作定语）高分句型2J 1 hope I could do as wel