湖南省怀化市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题Word版含解析.docx

怀化市2022年高二下期期末考试试卷英语试题1 .答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在答题卡上，并认真核对条形码上的姓 名。准考证号和科目。2 .考生作答时，选择题和非选择题均须做在答题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效，考生在答 题卡上按答题卡中注意事项的要求答题。3 .考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。4 .本试题卷共8页，如缺页，考生须声明，否则后果自负。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. £19. 5.B. £9. 18.C. £9. 15.答案是c.1. What does Lily think of the new skirt?A. ElegantOld-fashioned.B. Ordinary.2. Why did Joe go to Miami?A. To go sightseeing.B. To take a business trip.C. To meet a friend.3. What time is it now?A. 3:15p. mD. The Reason fbr Urban Rooftop's Popularity【答案】8.B9.D10. D 11. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了绿色屋顶的兴起带给城市很多方面的便利。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据上文“we can quickly spot plenty of unused space-the rooftops （我们就能很快发现大量未 使用 空间-屋顶）”以及后面段落都在讲述绿色屋顶这一话题，可知第一段要引入绿色屋顶这一话题， 因此第一段提出问题的目的就是要引入主题，故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第四句 u Green roofs come with the added benefit of reducing the terrible urban heat island effect（绿色屋顶还带来一个额外的好处，那就是缓解可怕的城市热岛效应）”可知，城市的绿色屋 顶能减轻城市热岛效应，故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句 "Of course, in another city, you may come to exactly the opposite conclusion4当然，在另一个城市可能会得出完全相反的结论）”，可知本段第一句论断uHowever, the use of rooftops fbr food production could have higher local value than solar PV energy production（利用屋顶生产食 物，其对本地的价值远远高于太阳能光伏发电或标准的绿色屋顶）”仅在部分城市是成立的，换一个城市 未必成立，D项表达不成立，故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。 根据文章第段 "But if we look at images of any city center, we can quickly spot plenty of unused space-the rooftops. What can we use this precious resource fbr（但如果我们看看任何一个城市中心的鸟 瞰图，我们就能很快发现大量未使用的空间屋顶）”可知，第一段引入了绿色屋顶这一话题，第二段 讲述了绿色屋顶的兴起，后面段落详细介绍了绿色屋顶给城市带来的便利，最后一段提到了绿色屋顶的 效益因地而异。综上可以判断本文主要讲述了绿色屋顶的兴起，故选A项。DA burger shop called the No Brand Burger in the South Korean capital is a bit different from typical fast-food restaurants: Its key staff are robots. From order to pick-up, customers don't need a single face-to-tace interaction. All they need to do is to click the menu they want on a kiosk （售货亭）touchscreen, pay and wait fbr a serving robot to bring their takeout bag to the pick-up spot.While waiting fbr their food, customers take photos or stare with curiosity at the capsule-shaped robots, which remind people of the popular characters from the animated film "Despicable Me." The yellow and black colors of the No Brand Burger restaurant also give the place the look of a toy shop. "This is the first time I've actually seen such robots, so they are really amazing and fun/ said Shin Hyun Soo, a 31 -year-old office worker trying out the service.The human staff do have a role to play, the restaurant manager Bae explained, adding toppings to the cooked ingredients before wrapping them and passing them over to a robot to serve. "The customer can take the food without any direct contact with the staffs Bae said.Before Monday, South Korea had for the last few weeks allowed restaurants to provide only deliveries and takeout meals after 9 p.m. In August, takeout orders accounted for 58% ofNo Brand Burger's total sales, up by 16% from July, according to Shinsegae Food, the South Korean food company that operates No Brand Burger.No Brand Burger isn't the only local restaurant using robots to serve customers. South Korea's major IT company KT has partnered with the family restaurant chain Mad for Garlic to provide Al serving robots.Using 3-D space mapping and other technology, the robot can freely move through the narrow lanes between tables and avoid obstacles to reach its destination, said Lee Youngjin, team leader of AI Platform Business Team at KT. The robot can serve up to four tables per trip. "Children customers often like to see the robot. Also, customers in general feel it is fresher to receive their food through the robot because of the COVID-19/9 said Lee Young-ho, the manager of one Mad fbr Garlic restaurant using the robots.12. Why is the No Brand Burger restaurant so special?A. Because most staff are robots.B. Because it employs no human staff.C. Because its colors are yellow and white.D. Because it is also a toy shop.13. What is Shin Hyun Soo's attitude towards the robots?A. Uninterested.B. Positive.C. Negative.D. NeutralWhat can we infer from the passage?A. Most restaurants use robots to serve customers now.B. It is no use having human staff in the restaurant.C. Most customers show no interest in serving robots.D. Robots brings greater profits fbr No Brand Burger.14. What is the passage mainly talking about?A. New technology helps change the world.B. Serving robots bring a lot of advantages.C. AI robots serve restaurants in South Korea.D. Restaurants use robots to attract customers.【答案】12.A13. B 14. D 15. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了韩国首都首尔一家名为N。Brand burger的汉堡店用机器人作 员工。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “A burger shop called the No Brand Burger in the South Korean capital is a bit different from typical fast-fbod restaurants: Its key staff are robots.（在韩国首都首尔，一家名为 No Brand burger 的汉堡店与一般的快餐店有点不同：它的主要员工都是机器人。）”可知，无牌汉堡店如此特别是因为大多 数员工都是机器人。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中 “ "This is the first time I've actually seen such robots, so they are really amazing and fun/ said Shin Hyun Soo, a 31 -year-old office worker tiying out the service.（31 岁的办公室职员 Shin Hyun Soo 正在试用这项服务，她说：“这是我第一次真正看到这样的机器人，它们真的很神奇，也很有趣。"）”可 推知，申铉秀对机器人持积极态度。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中 “In August, takeout orders accounted for 58% of No Brand Burger's total sales, up by 16% from July, according to Shinsegae Food, the South Korean food company that operates No Brand Burger.（据 经营No Brand Burger的韩国食品公司新世界食品称,8月份,夕卜卖订单占No Brand Burger总销售额的58%, 较7月份增长了 16%o）”可推知，机器人为No Brand Burger带来了更大的利润。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了韩国首都首尔一家名为N。Brand burger的汉堡店用机器人作员 工，机器人为N。Brand Burger带来了更大的利润，由此可知，本文的主要内容是人工智能机器人在韩国的 餐馆服务。故选C项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Get a Healthy HomeMost of us have spent more time recently at home than we ever imagined possible. Maybe you took the opportunity to clean, or maybe you plan to do it.tomorrow. 16Think about keeping your home clean the minute you walk in. 17A University of Arizona study foundthat the average shoe harbors nearly 421,000 different bacteria and cleaning chemicals can also get tracked into your home via your shoes. Leave a pair of slippers by the front door. It also makes sense to use some alcohol to freshen your sheets and smelly gym clothes.Even if you think you've disinfected everything, you might have overlooked some small items like the toothbrush holder 18 Another thing you should pay attention to is the kitchen sponges （海绵）.As they may carry large quantities of bacteria, they've been banned from restaurant kitchens.19 The gold standard is a high-efficiency air filter. The Department of Energy requires that they remove 99.97 percent of pollutants and particles in the air. Portable filters can clean a single room or the entire house. Filters may cost you some money, but there are cheaper ways to clean the air-start by opening a window. Indoor air can have two to five times more pollutants than outdoor air.Many viruses don't spread as well in wet air as they do in the cold, dry months. 20 However, cool- mist humidifiers （增湿器）can harbor bacteria if they aren't cleaned regularly. Old-fashioned steam humidifiers are the best. But too much humidity can worsen some problems and encourage the growth of dust mites （螭虫）and mold. The ideal humidity level, especially for sleeping, is 40 to 60 percent.A. Take off your shoes at your door.B. Freshen the walls up with a new paint.C. Don't forget to clean the air in your home too.D. The following is what to do to help keep you energetic.E. Wash it daily and run it through the dishwasher regularly.F. One easy solution fbr the winter is to use a humidifier.G. These tips can help make your home better fbr your body and your mind.【答案】16.G17. A 18.E19.C20. F【解析】【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章就如何拥有一个清洁健康的家给出了一些建议。【16题详解】上文 u Most of us have spent more time recently at home than we ever imagined possible. Maybe you took the opportunity to clean, or maybe you plan to do ittomorrow.（我们大多数人最近呆在家里的时间比我们想象的 要多。也许你抓住了打扫的机会，或者你计划明天再打扫。）”提出我们呆在家里的时间很多，所以家需要 打扫，下文第二、三、四和五段分别就如何进行打扫给出了具体建议。G These tips can help make your home better for your body and your mind.（这些建议可以帮助你把你的家变得更适合你的身体和精神。）”承 上启下，句中"These tips"引出下文，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【17题详解】段首主题句“Think about keeping your home clean the minute you walk in.（想想从你进门的那一刻起就保持 家里的清洁。）”提出进门时就开始保持家里的清洁，A项“Take off your shoes at your door.（在门口脱鞋。提出具体建议：门 口脱鞋。下文中“the average shoe harbors nearly 421,000 different bacteria and cleaning chemicals can also get tracked into your home via your shoes （普通的鞋子里有近 42.1 万种不同的细菌，清洁 化学物质也会通过鞋子进入你的家中）”进一步说明了进门脱鞋的必要性，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。【18题详解】上文 “Even if you think you've disinfected everything, you might have overlooked some small items like the toothbrushholder.（即使你认为你已经消毒了所有的东西，你也可能忽略了一些小物件，比如牙刷架。）”提 出留意小物件的消毒，E项"Wash it daily and run it through the dishwasher regularly.（每天清洗，并定期将其 放入洗碗机。）”承接上文，给出建议，句中“it”指代上文中uthe toothbrush holdervo故选E项。【19题详解】设空句是段首主题句，下文 “The gold standard is a high-efficiency air filter. The Department of Energy requires that they remove 99.97 percent of pollutants and particles in the air. Portable filters can clean a single room or the entire house.（黄金标准是高效空气过滤器。美国能源部要求它们去除空气中99.97%的污染物和颗粒。便携 式过滤器可以清洁一个房间或整个房子。）”介绍了空气过滤器，所以本段的建议是“Don,t forget to clean the air in your home too.（别忘了清洁家里的空气。）"。故选C项。【20题详解】上文 “Many viruses don't spread as well in wet air as they do in the cold, dry months.（许多病毒在潮湿的空气中 不像在寒冷干燥的月份那样容易传播）”提出病毒传播的特点：在寒冷干燥的月份中病毒易传播,F项“One easy solution for the winter is to use a humidifier.（冬天一个简单的解决办法就是使用加湿器。）”提出解决问 题的办法：使用加湿器，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。On February 12, 2019, Brendon Fontaine blew out five candles on a birthday cake covered in strawberry icing and topped with a plastic figure of his favorite character. Brendon's21 came from Cakes for Kids, a groupof home bakers who recognize that a simple birthday cake can be impossible for families like the Fontaines. The group was 22 three years ago by Christy Rogowski and her partner Wendy Singleton. "Imagining a child who wasn't going to have a birthday cake was really 23 J Rogowski says. A Facebook call-out fbrvolunteers 24 added 150 bakers to their list, which includes people of all skill levels. When volunteers first apply, they5re asked why they want to 25 “Some people have said that they didn't have a cake on theirbirthday growing up, and they know how 26 it is J says Singleton. More commonly, though, they say they want families in need to know that their neighbors 27 them.The cake receivers are decided by community organizations and Winnipeg Child and Family Services, which send Rogowski and Singleton information about each kid's interests and favorite 28, A child mightreceive a cake because of the family's lack of 29 Cakes also go to children living in foster care. Jodi Korolyk, a family services worker has so far ordered birthday cakes for five of the almost 800 kids in their system. “It 30 the children that they have a lot of people there to 31 them,“ she says. "For mostkids, it doesn't really 32 what the cake looks like; just getting one is 33 Korolyk sometimesDarranges fbr parents whose children are in foster careto bring the cake to their kids themselves. "It's a really goodtool to help34a relationship betweenthem,“ she says,adding that it can also build theparents'35_inher. By the end of last year, Cakes fbr Kids had provided over 575 cakes to mark kids'birthdays, and the baking continues.21. A. surpriseB. angerC. sorrowD. pity22. A. applaudedB. complainedC. bundedD. blamed23. A. amazingB. upsettingC. confusingD. pleasing24. A. hardlyB. accidentallyC. frequentlyD. eventually25. A. quitB. contributeC. agreeD. play26. A. importantB. boringC. terribleD. complex27. A. laugh atB. talk aboutC. care aboutD. rely on28. A. sportsB. filmsC.songsD. flavors29. A. moneyB. waterC. educationD. clothes30. A. frightensB. worriesC. showsD. shocks31. A. shareB. stopC. memorizeD. support32. A. matterB. occurC. workD. exist33. A. annoyingB. excitingC. convincingD. disappointing34. A. changeB. hurtC. promoteD. accept35. A. delightB. prideC. disbeliefD. trust【答案】2LA22. C23. B 24. D 25.B 26. A 27. C28. D 29. A 30. C 31.32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了克里斯蒂罗戈夫斯基和她的搭档温迪辛格尔顿建立志愿服务团 队，为那些生日时无法吃到蛋糕的孩子送蛋糕的暖心之举。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：布伦登的惊喜来自“儿童蛋糕"（Cakes for Kids）,这是一群家庭烘焙师，他们 认识到，对于方丹这样的家庭来说，简单的生日蛋糕是不可能的。A. surprise惊喜；B.anger生气；C. sorrow 悲伤；D. pity 遗憾。根据上文 “On February 12,2019, Brendon Fontaine blew out five candles on a birthday cake covered in strawberry icing and topped with a plastic figure of his favorite character.（2019 年 2 月 12 日， 布伦 登方丹在一块覆盖着草莓糖霜的生日蛋糕上吹灭了五根蜡烛，蛋糕上放着他最喜欢的人物的塑料雕像）” 可知，布伦登方丹吃到了生日蛋糕，吹了生日蜡烛，这对一个不太可能负担得起孩子生日蛋糕的家庭来 说，确实是一个惊喜。故选A项。22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三年前，克里斯蒂罗戈夫斯基和她的搭档温迪辛格尔顿将这个团体联系起 来。A. applauded欢呼;B. complained抱怨；C. bonded与之建立紧密联系；D. blamed指责。根据下文“A Facebook call-out for volunteers 4 added 150 bakers to their list, which includes people of all skill levels. （Facebook的志愿者号召最终将150名面包师加入他们的名单，其中包括各种技能水平的人）”可知，这个 团队召集了很多志愿者假如，故使志愿者们建立起紧密联系，形成这个队伍。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“想象一个孩子吃不到生日蛋糕，真的让人心烦，”罗戈夫斯基说。A. amazing 令人大为惊叹的；B. upsetting令人心烦意乱的；C. confusing令人疑惑的；D. pleasing令人开心的。根据上 文 “ Brendon's 1came from Cakes fbr Kids, a group of home bakers who recognize that a simple birthdaycake can be impossible for families like the Fontaines.（布伦登的惊喜来自“儿童蛋糕" （Cakes for Kids）,这 是一群家庭烘焙师，他们认识到，对于方丹这样的家庭来说，简单的生日蛋糕是不可能的）”可知，罗戈夫 斯基建立团队，为不能吃到生日蛋糕的孩子送蛋糕，可推测得知有孩子因为贫穷无法享受生日蛋糕，他的 内心很不好受。故选B项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Facebook的志愿者号召最终将150名面包师加入他们的名单，其中包括各种技 能水平的人。A.hardly几乎不；B. accidentally意外地;C.frequently频繁地；D. eventually最终。根据下文 uWhen volunteers first apply, they're asked why they want to 5（当志愿者第一次申请时，他们会被问到为什么他们想做出贡献）”可知，这些志愿者先申请，可能还会筛选，因此150进入的志愿者是最终入 选的。故选D项。25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当志愿者第一次申请时，他们会被问到为什么他们想做出贡献。A. quit放弃; B. contribute 贡献；C. agree 同意；D. play 玩。根据上文 “When volunteers first apply （当志愿者第一次申请 时）”可知，这些会做蛋糕的人假加入团体做志愿者工作，本身就是一种贡献。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“有些人说，他们成长时的生日没有蛋糕，他们知道蛋糕有多重要，”辛格 尔顿说。A. important重要的；B. boring无聊的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. complex复杂的。根据上文“Imagining a child who wasn't going to have a birthday cake was really upsetting （想象一个孩子吃不至生日蛋糕，真的让 人心烦）”可知，大多数人认为生日蛋糕对过生日的孩子而言，很重要。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不过，更常见的情况是，他们说他们希望有需要的家庭知道他们的邻居关心他 们。A. laugh at 嘲笑;B. talk about 讨论；C. care about 关心;D. rely on 依赖。根据下文 u"It shows the children that they have a lot of people there to supportj them J she says.（这向孩子们表明，有很多人支持他们，"她说）”可知，这些志愿者之所以愿意做出贡献，是为了告诉孩子们有人支持他们，即有人关心他 们。故选C项。28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：蛋糕接收者由社区组织和温尼伯儿童和家庭服务机构决定，他们向罗戈夫斯基 和辛格尔顿发送有关每个孩子兴趣和喜爱口味的信息。A. sports运动；B. films电影；C