Unitdelicateworld-选择性必修第二册单元测试Word版含解析.docx

Unit 5 A delicate world考试时间：90分钟满分：120分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIn the last 50 years, sea surface temperatures around Antarctica have risen by 12, which is more than twice the global average.Loss of speciesGlobal warming could basically change the ecosystem, leading to the loss of some species. Sharks are going to arrive in Antarctica as long as the wanning trend continues, a bit more slowly than crabs-crabs are going to get （here first, but once they do get there they are able to eat the organisms that live there.Professor Wilga said the arrival of sharks and shell-crushing bony fishes would lead to great changes in the number and proportions species found there.Shrimp, ribbon worms and brittle stars are likely to be the most attackable to population declines. Animals living in shallow waters in Antarctica arc unique on Earth today because they evolved （进化）in a very cold environment over tens of millions of years.Extreme conditionsIn the course of a process we call Antarctic cooling that started about 40 million years ago, all major seafloor predators such as sharks and crabs went extinct in Antarctica because （hey were not able （o deal with these extreme conditions.However, today global warming is removing barriers to invasions and we've seen recently that crabs, especially king crabs, are on the doorstep of Antarcticathey can potentially re-invade the shallow waters if warming continues.Urgent local and global actions are needed to protect this last environment and measures are needed to slop alien species being brought in through ships.Strange creaturesAnimals that live on the seafloor of Antarctica are some of the strangest creatures on Earth. The extreme cold and darkness has presented huge challenges to marine life over the passage of time, leading to the evolution of fish equipped with anti-freeze proteins in their blood.1 .How will these alien species affect the ecosystem in Antarctica?A.They will change the extremely cold conditions in Antarctica.B.They will change the numbers and proportions of species in Antarctica.C.The sea surface temperature of Antarctica will rise more quickly.D.The number of shrimp and ribbon worms will increase in Antarctica.2 .How does the author feel about the alien species' invasion to Antarctica?A.Worried.根据下文的.cycling shouldn't be your starting position.Walk to begin getting into shape and then graduate to cycling.中的关键词starting, begin, shape可知,此处是说如果你刚刚开始且身体条件还不 太好,不要报名参加50千米的骑行。故选E项。根据设空处前的 it could because your bike isn't adjusted properly for your height 及设空处后的 but if you have continuing problems可知，设空处应是解决上文提及的问题的一种方法,G项（好的自行车商 店会帮助你找到车座合适的高度）中的height与上文中的height相呼应。故选G项。根据下一句 Or do some reading about how to avoid dangerous cycling situations.可知，设空处也应该 是关于避免自行车事故所需要做的准备。故选F项。第二部分语言知识运用第一节答案：l-5.DCBDA;6-10.BCDCB： I1-15.DBACA解析：I.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从不把任何人 当作陌生人。leader领导:partner伙伴;visitor参观者;stranger陌生人根据下文"He could really talk to any person”可知,父亲从不把任何人当作陌生人对待，他可以和任何人交谈。故选D。2 .考查动词短语辨析。句意:他真的可以和任何人交谈，他最喜欢的事就是弄清楚他们的收入。look into 调查;hold out 伸出来;find out 查明，弄清楚;add to 增加。根据"their income"以及"he found out her business”可知，父亲喜欢去，清楚别人的收入。故选C。3 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:有一次，我们在芝加哥的OHare机场，我在等飞机的时候，爸爸坐在我旁 边。boat 船;flight 航班,飞机;train 火车;ferry 渡船，根据上文"Once we were atChicago's O'Hare Airport" 可知,是在机场等待飞机。故选B.4 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:一位不会说英语的俄罗斯妇女坐在我父亲旁边,但那并没有阻止他。 strengthen 加强;shock 使震惊;encourage 鼓励;slop 停止。根据下文"At last, he found out her business, how many children she had and of course how much she made."可知,即使对方不会说英语，也没能阻止 父亲去弄清别人的家庭情况和收入。故选D。5 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我是一个害羞的人，曾经为此感到有些尴尬。embarrassed尴尬 的;touched感动的;polished抛光的，擦亮的frightened害怕的。根据上文"I was a shy person"可知，作者 本来就害羞，所以对父亲的这一做法肯定是感到有此尴尬的。故选Ao.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我妈妈也是一个非常内向的人，所以她也公为此烦恼。outgoing开朗 的;private内向的;severe严重的;aclive活跃的。根据下文"by this too"可知晨母亲也为父亲的行为所烦 恼，说明母亲是内向的人。故选B。6 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:我妈妈也是一个非常内向的人，所以她也会为此烦恼。叩preciate欣赏，感 激;inspire激励;bother烦恼;threaten威胁。母亲内向，所以父亲的行为让她烦恼。故选C。7 .考查宾语从句。whether是否;when当时候;why为什么;how怎么样。分析句子结构 hisusual self-talking to others all the time was in the waiting room"为宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，需用 how引导。故选D。8 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:我父亲甚至开始和一个坐在轮椅上的年轻人交谈，他既不能说话,也不能 移动他的手臂和头部。act行动;smile微笑;talk谈话;drive驾驶。根据第一段中"He could really talk to any person"可知，父亲和这个不能说话的年轻人交谈.故选C。9 .考查副词词义辨析。句意:他实际上什么也做不了。gradually逐渐地;actually事实上;entirely完全 地;merely 仅仅。根据上文"My dad even started talking to a young man in a wheel chair who could neither nor move his arms or head."可知，年轻人既不能说话，又不能移动他的手臂和头部,实际上就是什么都做不了。故选B。10 .考查名词词义辨析，句意:但我爸爸还是不停地问他问题，最后那个年轻人以微笑回应。conclusion 结论;surprise惊讶;power力量;response回应。根据上文"got the young man to smile"可知，父亲得到了 年轻人的微笑同应。in response为固定短语，意为“作为回应:故选D,.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他一直这样对待那个残疾人，直到他被叫回医生的办公室。confident 自信的;disabled 残疾的;nervous 紧张的 disturbed 不安的。根据上文"My dad even started talking to a young man in a wheel chair who could neither nor move his arms or head.“可知，年轻人既不能说话,乂不能移动他的手臂和头部，因此他是个残疾人。故选B。11 .考查动词词义辨析，创意:然后那个年轻人的父亲走回来，握着我父亲的手说广谢谢你和我儿子说话, 大多数人看到他都只会转过身去。“shake摇晃;strike打，击;adapt适应:scratch抓挠。根据卜文"my dad's hand”可知，是握着父亲的手。shake hands为固定短语，意为“握手”。故选A54.C考查动词词义 辨析。stick 粘贴;open 打开;speak 说话;react 反应。根据上文"my dad still kept asking him questions"可 知，父亲一直问年轻人问题，和年轻人说话。故选c。55.A考查名词词义辨析。love爱;way方 法;conieni内容;lone语气。结合第一段中“He could really talk to any person"可知，父亲和每个人都交 谈,是个喜欢说话的人。故选A.考查动词词义辨析。stick粘贴;open打开;speak说话;react反应。根据上文"my dad still kept asking him questions"可知，父亲一直问年轻人问题，和年轻人说话。故选Co12 .考查名词词义辨析。love爱;way方法;content内容;tone语气。结合第一段中"He could really la汰 to any person”可知，父亲和每个人都交谈,是个喜欢说话的人。故选A。第一 T答案：and; to watch; issued; The; will be; strengthen; which: companies; are listed; cultural 解析： 这是 一篇说明文。我国新的教育指导方针要求小学、中学、学院和大学给学生提供免费观看传统戏曲 的机会。考查连词。小学、中学、学院和大学将给学生提供免费观看传统戏曲的机会。空处前后表示并 列,所以填and。考查非谓语动词。an/thc opportunity to do sth.意为"做某事的机会二其中不定式作定语。考查非谓语动词。动词issue与a guideline之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用动词-ed形式作定 语，故填issued。考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的指导方针,所以用定冠词Theo考查时态。根据时间状语in the near future可判断是将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时,所以填willbe。考查词形转换。urge sb./sth. to do sth.意为"敦促做某事"，故填动词strengtheno考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的内容，故用whicho考杳名词的复数形式。根据语境可知,company在此处表示“公司”，是可数名词，且空前无限定词，故 应用名词的复数形式。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述主语现在的状态，要用一般现在时;”京剧和昆曲”表达复数 意义，且与“列为”之间是被动关系,要用被动语态，所以填are listed考查词形转换。该空修饰名词heritage,应用形容词,所以填cultural。第三部分写作第一节答案：Dear Tony,Our association plans to organize activities to protect animals in danger of extinction next Saturday. Knowing you are enthusiastic about protecting wild animals, I'm writing to invite you to join us.We will meet at 8 am at the school gate and then head for Times Square. On arriving there, some of us will hang some posters of endangered animals, while others will send out the brochures, telling people the importance of animal protection. With our efforts, I believe more and more people will be concerned about wild animal protection.Looking forward lo your coming.Yours truly,Li Hua第二节答案：Paragraph 1:And not very long after that, he made a surprising decision. He decided to use all his rights to prepare for his life at the remote island. In the first year he sent troops, veterinarians and animal trainers to kill the wild animals or train them for good use. The task was so huge but it was worthwhile. Then the king sent a lot of farmers to start a wide rice field and began to grow rice. Next he had many facilities, from hospital to school, built. After that he sent a lot of educated people there. At last he sent all his families to (he island.Paragraph 2:Finally the time came when the king had to be thrown away to the island. With many strong soldiers catching him, he smiled He had prepared everything for the final day. When he was sent to the island, the island had taken on a new look. Everybody there lived a comfortable life and the king was welcomed warmly by his people. They cheered, "Long live the wise king". The wise king lived happily ever after. The clever people live now in (he world to prepare for their life in the future.B.Doubtful.C.Satisfied. D.Excited.3.Which is the best title of this passage?A.Crcaturcs in Antarctica Arc Unique B.The Extreme Conditions in Antarctica C.Alien Species Are Not Found in Antarctica D.Alien Species May Change Antarctic EcosystemB"What kind of rubbish are you?" This question might normally cause anger, but in Shanghai it has brought about complaints over the past week. On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate kinds and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure compliance(服从)and to inquire into (he nature of one's rubbish.Violators face the possibility of fines and worse. They could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29). For repeat violators, the city can add black marks to their credit records, making it harder for (hem to obtain bank loans or even buy train tickets.Shanghai authorities are responding to an obvious environmental problem. 1( generates 9 million tonnes of garbage a year,more than London's annual output and rising quickly. But like other cities in China, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it has relied on trash pickers to sort out the waste, picking out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up. China produces 80 billion pairs of disposable(一次性的)chopslicks a year.Many residents appear to support the idea of recycling in general but are frustrated by the details. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or hazardous (有害的),the differences among which can be confusing, though there are apps to help work it out. Some have complained about the rules surrounding food waste. They must put it straight in the required public bin, forcing them (o tear open plastic bags and toss it by hand. Most upset are the short windows for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. Along with the monitors at the bins, this means that people go at around the same (ime and can keep an eye on what is being thrown out; no one wants to look bad.I .What does the underlined word "Violators" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.People who don't sort the waste.B.People who argue with the monitors.C.People who don't throw the trash on time.D.People who are against the regulations.2 .What is the main direct environmental problem in Shanghai?A.Thc massive traffic.B.The increasing garbage.C.Lack of a recycling system.D.Lack of trash pickers.3 .What makes the residents upset most about the rules?A plex distinction among the four categories of trash.B.Short scheduled time for throwing the trash.C.Being obsened by monitors when throwing the garbage.D.Being fined when blamed due to improper behavior.4 .What can be the best title for the text?A. A restart of trash-sortingB.A great change in tackling litterC.Ncwtimcs of garbage classificationD.A craze for learning waste sortingCJack London, one of America's major writers of adventure tales, was born in California in 1876. During his life, London worked at many jobs. His broad life experiences would become the background for his writing.London loved to read. As a teenager, he spent many hours educating himself at the Oakland, California, public library. He attended college at the University of California at Berkeley, but he stayed for only six months. He thought Berkeley was "not lively enough" and wanted to do something more exciting.London wrote stories about working people and (he hard times they had making a living. He knew their problems firsthand. He worked as a sailor, fanner, factory employee, railroad worker, and gold prospector, to name just a few of his many jobs.London grew up near the waterfront in Oakland. He loved the water. When he was fifteen years old, he bought a small sailboata sloop. Later he sailed to Japan on a schooner, which is a much larger sailing boat. Like many people of the time, London caught the Klondike Gold Rush. In 1897, he headed for Alaska. He didn't find gold, but he discovered something even more valuable. He discovered that people enjoyed listening to (he stories he made up with his vivid imagination. London entertained the miners with story after story. Later, using his experiences during the Gold Rush, he created many more colorful stories.London resolved to live a full, exciting life. He once said, "I would rather be a superb meteor(流星), every atom of me in a magnificent glow, than a sleepy and permanent planet." Each day, he pushed himself. Once London determined that he was going to be a writer, nothing could stop him. His goal was to write at least one thousand words every day. He refused to stop even when he was sick. In eighteen years, the writer published fifty-one books and hundreds of articles. He was (he bes(-selling and highest-paid author of his day. Many people also considered him to be the best writer. White Fang and The Call of the Wild are his most famous stories and are about surviving in the Alaskan wilderness. Readers can enjoy Jack London's energy and his talent fbr telling wonderful stories each time they open one of his novels.I .Why was Jack London able to write on many topics?A.He pushed himself to reach goals.B.He had a variety of experiences and jobs.C.He was drawn to the Klondike Gold Rush.D.He was the best-selling and highest-paid author.2 .What prevented Jack London from finishing college?A.That he was hired to sail to Japan.B.That he traveled to Alaska in 1897.C.That he spent much of his time writing.D.That he was not interested in college life enough.3 .The underlined sentence in the last paragraph indicates that Jack London.A.was expert at the uni verse B.ai med high and strived to succccdC.was excited about life in the wildcrnessD. faced a choice between life and death.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A.To support the statement that London was the"best writer".B.To describe life during the Klondike Gold Rush.C.To provide information on Jack's life.D.To identify books written by Jack London.DBarcelona's opera house has celebrated its reopening io （he public since the coronavirus pandemic （新冠 疫情）put the world into a huge horror, but their opening night had an unusual audience. For its first concert, the theatre refused the usual crowd of people and instead packed the house with plants. Yes, that's correct. All 2,292 seats at the Gran TeatreLiceu were occupied by green plants.The idea was conceived by artist Eugenio Ampudia and was broadcast live on the theatre's website. These lucky ficus trees, palms, and Swiss cheese plantswhich were brought in by local nurseries（苗 画）一got the pleasure of hearing Puccini's Cnsantemipcrformed by the UceLi Quartet string musical group.Ampudia hopes that his idea and the work will inspire people to think more deeply about th