2022-2023学年重庆市高考模拟调研卷英语试题（二）.docx

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高考模拟调研卷英语（二）英语测试卷共8页，满分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。2 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分,满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.答案是c。1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bank. B. In a car. C. In a house.2. What does Lisa's daughter do?A. Fix the table. B. Cook the dinner. C. Clean the dishes.3. Which job is the man interested in?A. Director. B. Manager. C. Doctor.4. How much should the woman pay for the bag?A. $105. B.$100. C. $95.5. What are they talking about?A. Homework. B. Computer. C. Books.第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个 efficiency. But they could also opec a whole new bax of worms, according to the letter, "lowering the level fbr going to battle“ and creating a global arms race in which horrible technology can be mass-produced and misused. "Artificial intelligence technology has reached a point where the use of such systems is-practically, if not legally-achievable within years, and the risks are high. It will only be a matter of time until they appear on the black market and in the hands of terrorists, dictators or warlords （军阀）.“Why did Elon Musk sign the open letter?A. To urge UN to ban all the new technology.B. To protect humans from the potential dangers of ALTo cut down the cost of automated weapons.C. To ask people to keep curious facing technology.12. Which of the following is NOT the effect of AI use in weapons?A. Overthrowing a nation.B. Selectively killing an ethnic group.C. Improving efficiency.D. Risking the lives of military personnel.13. The underlined sentence “they could also open a whole new box of worms" implies that the use of AI in arms would give rise to a lot of threats to the worldA. lower the level of global arms racecut down the mass production of armsB. decrease the deals on the black marketWhat is the writer's attitude towards the use of Al in weapons?A. Indifferent.B. Supportive.C. Concerned.D. Regretful.【答案】12.B13. D 14. A 15. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过Elon Musk等人一起签署的一封公开信，谈论了作者对人工智能 在武器中使用的担忧。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Tesla and SpaceX Chief Executive Elon Musk has joined dozens of CEOs of artificial intelligence companies in signing an open letter urging the United Nations to ban the use of AI in weapons before the technology gets out of hand.（特斯拉和SpaceX的首席执行官Elon Musk与数十家人工智能公司的首席执 行官一起签署了一封公开信，敦促联合国在技术失控之前禁止在武器中使用人工智能。）”及第二段中“Theletter was published Mondaythe same day the U. N. was to discuss ways to protect civilians from the misuse ofautomated weapons （自动武器）.（这封信于周一发表，同一天，联合国将讨论如何保护平民免受自动武器的 滥用。）”可知，Elon Musk在公开信上签名是为了保护人类免受人工智能的潜在危险。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中 “The letter warned of the dangers of artificial intelligence in weapons, which could be used in assassinations （口音杀）,overturning nations, and selectively killing a particular ethnic group.（这封信警告 了 人工智能武器的危险，它可能被用于暗杀、颠覆国家，以及选择性地杀害一个特定的种族。）"、第五段中 u Lower costs, as well as the fact that they don't risk the lives of military personnel, have contributed to their rising popularity.（更低的成本，以及它们不冒军事人员生命危险的事实，使它们越来越受欢迎。）”以及第六段中“ AI weapons would take things a step further, removing human involvement entirely, and potentially improving efficiency.（人工智能武器将更进一步，完全消除人类的参与，并有可能提高效率。）”可知，人工智能在武 器中的使用可能会颠覆国家、选择性地杀害一个特定的种族并有可能提高效率，但不会拿军事人员的生命 冒险。故选D项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。戈 ij线词句后文 “It will only be a matter of time until they appear on the black market and in the hands of terrorists, dictators or warlords （军阀）.（它们出现在黑市上，落入恐怖分子、独裁者或军阀手中，只是时间 问题。）”说明人工智能武器会给世界带来很多威胁，从而推知划线词句“But they could also open a whole new box of worms, according to the letter, "lowering the level for going to battle9 and creating a global arms race in which horrible technology can be mass-produced and misused.（但是， 根据信中的说法，they could also open a whole new box of worms,'降低作战级别，并造成一场全球军备竞赛，在这场竞赛中，可怕的技术可 能会被大规模生产和滥用。）”其中划线部分应为“人工智能武器会给世界带来很多威胁的意思。故选A 项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Artificial intelligence technology has reached a point where the use of such systems is-practically, if not legally-achievable within years, and the risks are high. It will only be a matter of time until they appear on the black market and in the hands of terrorists, dictators or warlords （军阀）.（人工智能技术已 经达到了这样一种程度，即使在几年内不能在法律上实现，这种系统的使用也几乎是可以实现的，而且风 险很高。它们出现在黑市上，落入恐怖分子、独裁者或军阀手中，只是时间问题。）”可知，作者对人工智 能在武器中的使用是担忧的。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分,满分12. 5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We must pay attention to these misunderstandings in choosing college majors!1. Choose a major only based on money16 You need to also consider your passions, your dislikes, and most importantly, your happiness. Can you see yourself spending the next 40 years or so in this career without getting bored? The truth is, choosing a major with high-paying career options will not actually guarantee you a high-paying job. 17 If there are limited openings, the job will go to someone who is truly interested in the field.2. A hobby is never meant to be your priorityThere is a balance that should be maintained when you're choosing a major. You want to pick something that interests you. but you need to be sure that you won't get sick of it as time progresses. 18 Merriam-Webster defines a hobby as “a pursuit outside one's regular occupation engaged in especially for relaxation”. According to a photographer named Jenika, passions differ from hobbies in that passions are not relaxing. "Passions don't leave you alone. Passions insert themselves into your life whether you have time for them or not. Passions comfort you and drive you crazy at the same time.”3. 19Being interested in a major is a start, but don't stop there. Researching the field will help you be sure that a major is right for you. If you know someone in the field or with that major, ask them for some input. Try to get some experience shadow someone in a business office.4. My parents want me to choose this majorThe opinions of your friends and family aren't something to ignore, but the choice is ultimately yours.20. You,ll only truly enjoy and succeed in the field if you wanted to be in it in the first place.A. Choose a major by feeling instead of research.B. The major I like is too difficult. Td better change it.C. You're the one doing the work and earning the degree.D. Often times, people will confuse their hobbies with their passions.E. The mistake happens when you,re choosing a major only based on money.F. It will all depend on position openings and your competitors when you graduate.G. The idea of a specific major is better than the reality for students who enter it blindly.【答案】16. E 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解了四个选择大学时一定要避免的误区，帮助读者更好地选择专 业。【16题详解】上文"1. Choose a major only based on money（l.只根据钱来选择专业）”为本段小标题，起着统领本段的作 用；小标题谈到误区之一是以金钱为标准，故本段都与金钱有关。E项“当你只根据钱来选择专业时，就 会犯这个错误。”中based on money为原文复现。故选E项。【17题详解】上文 “The truth is, choosing a major with high-paying career options will not actually guarantee you a high-paying job.（事实是，选择一个高薪职业选择的专业并不能保证你得到一份高薪工作。）"和下文"Ifthere are limited openings, the job will go to someone who is truly interested in the field.（如果有有限的空缺，工作将会给真正对 该领域感兴趣的人。）”表示，专业不能保证高薪，好的工作岗位会给有兴趣的有心人。空处承上启下，故 也需要提及工作岗位。F项“这完全取决于你毕业时的职位空缺和你的竞争对手。”中openings为原文复现。 故选F项。【18题详解】上文小标题a2. A hobby is never meant to be your priority（2.爱好从来不是你优先考虑的事情）”提到本段关 键词 hobby“爱好”；下文“ Merriam-Webster defines a hobby as “a pursuit outside one's regular occupation engaged in especially for relaxation”. According to a photographer named Jenika, passions differ from hobbies in that passions are not relaxing.（韦氏词典对爱好的定义是“一个人在正常职业之外的一种追求，尤其是为了放松 而从事的一种追求”。据一位名叫Jenika的摄影师说，激情与爱好不同，因为激情不会让人放松。）”同样 也重复出现该关键词“爱好”，提到爱好和激情的区别；由此可以推测出，空处也与爱好和激情相关。D 项“很多时候，人们会混淆他们的爱好和激情J符合段意。故选D项。【19题详解】该空为本段小标题。下文“ Being interested in a major is a start, but don't stop there. Researching the field will help you be sure that a major is right for you.（对专业感兴趣是一个开始，但不要止步于此。研究这个领域可以帮 助你确定这个专业是否适合你。）”强调不能仅仅停留在感兴趣这一步，一定要对专业做研究；由此推出， 本段以研究专业为主。A项”选择专业凭感觉，而不去研究J与本段意义相反，是选专业时会走的误区， 符合段意。故选A项。【20题详解】上文 “The opinions of your friends and family aren't something to ignore, but the choice is ultimately yours.（朋友 和家人的意见不容忽视，但最终决定权在你自己。）”和下文“Youll only truly enjoy and succeed in the field if you wanted to be in it in the first place.（只有你一开始就想在这个领域工作，你才会真正喜欢这个领域并取 得成功。）”均强调的是，“你”才是选专业的主体，决定权在自己手里；空处承上启下，也需要强调的是 选择专业、做决定的“主体性”。C项“你是那个在努力并获得学位的人。”强调了学习和毕业的主体，符 合段意。故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It is every kid's worst nightmare and six-year-old Jaden Hayes has lived it 21. First he lost his dadwhen he was four and then last month his mom 22 unexpectedly in her sleep.“I tried and I tried and I tried to get her 23-I couldn't J said Jaden.Jaden is 24 heartbroken.But there9s another side to his 25. A side he first made public a few weeks ago when he told his aunt,and now guardian, Barbara DiCola, that he was sick and tired of seeing everyone sad all the time. And he had a plan to 26 it. "And that was the beginning of it, “said Barbara/9 That's where the 27 began. "Jaden asked his aunt Barbara to buy a bunch of little 28 and bring him to downtown Savannah, Georgia near where he lives, so he could 29,Tm trying to make people 30 J said Jaden.Jaden 3j people who aren't already smiling and then turns their day around. He's gone out on fourdifferent occasions now and he is always 32. Even if sometimes he doesn't get exactly the 33 he was hoping for.It is just so overwhelming to some people that a six-year-old orphan would give away a toy一expecting nothing 34 一except a smile.'Tm counting on it to be 33,000said Jaden. When asked if he thinks he can make that 35, heanswered: "I think I can.”21. A. onceB. yetC. twiceD. then22. A. criedB. foughtC. stayedD. died23. A. delightedB. anxiousC. absentD. awake24. A. understandablyB. impossiblyC. hardlyD. easily25. A. comedyB. griefC. favorD. freedom26. A. fixB.reachC. hideD. obey27.A. paceB. patternC. adventureD.anger28. A. balls29. A. sell them out30. A. smile31. A. desires32. A. serious33. A. gift34. A. in need35. A. goal【答案】21. C31. B 32. C【解析】36. A. balls37. A. sell them out38. A. smile39. A. desires40. A. serious41. A. gift42. A. in need43. A. goal【答案】21. C31. B 32. C【解析】B. toysB. set them upB. feelB. targetsB. stubbornB. difficultyB. in returnB. possibility22. D 23. D 24. A33. C 34. B 35. AC. flowersC. set them asideC. succeedC. attacksC. successfulC. reactionC. for funD. decision25. B 26. A 27. CD. fruitsD. give them awayD. talkD. rescuesD. troublesomeD.excuseD. on showE. choice28. B 29. D 30. A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个小男孩失去双亲却通过自己的善意的行为想要收集三万三千 个微笑的故事。21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是每个孩子最可怕的噩梦，6岁的杰登海耶斯经历了两次。A. once一次； B. yet 到目前为止；C. twice 两次；D. then 那时、然后。根据后文 uFirst he lost his dad when he was four and then last month his mom 2 unexpectedly in her sleep."可知，杰登海耶斯失去了 双亲，所以最可怕的噩梦是经历了两次。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他四岁时失去了父亲，上个月他的母亲在睡梦中意外去世。A. cried哭泣；B. fought 打架；C. stayed 留下；D. died 死亡。结合前文 “It is every kid's worst nightmare and six-year-old Jaden Hayes has lived it twice."可知，杰登海耶斯双亲都去世了。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我试了又试，我试了又试，我试着让她醒过来，但我做不到，”杰登说。A. delighted快乐的；B. anxious焦虑的；C.absent缺席的；D. awake醒的。结合上文可知，杰登的妈妈在睡梦 中意外去世，杰登还太小，以为妈妈只是睡着了，于是是想把妈妈叫醒。固定短语get sb. awake意为“唤 醒某人”，符合文意。故选D项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：杰登的心碎是可以理解的。A. understandably可以理解地；B. impossibly不可能 地；C. hardly几乎不；D. easily简单地。结合上文和常识，六岁的小男孩失去双亲，他伤心难过是可以理解的。故选A项。25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他的悲伤还有另一面。A. comedy喜剧；B. grief悲伤；C. favor赞成，帮忙； D. freedom自由。结合上文uJaden is understandably heartbroken.可知，杰登很伤心，故空处也需要填和 heartbroken意义或感情相同的词。B项“悲伤”为近义词。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他有个解决方案。A. fix解决；B. reach到达；C.hide躲藏；D.obey遵循。根 据前文“he was sick and tired of seeing everyone sad all the time.”可知，杰登不喜欢看到每个人都很悲伤的 样子，于是想了一个办法解决这个问题，改变这一现状。A项“解决”，符合文意。故选A项。 【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是冒险开始的地方。A. pace步子；B. pattern图案；C.adventure冒险，经 历；D.anger愤怒。纵观后文可知，是在详细介绍杰登的计划；结合实际，对于一个六岁的小男孩来说， 他做的这些事情确实可以算得上是一次“冒险经历”或“很刺激的经历”。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰登让他的阿姨芭芭拉买了一堆小玩具，带他到乔治亚州，萨凡纳市中心，他 住的地方附近，这样他就可以把玩具送人了。A. balls球；B. toys玩具；C.flowers花；D. fruits水果。根据 下文 “It is just so overwhelming to some people that a six-year-old orphan would give away a toy一expecting nothing 14 一except a smile.v可知，杰登是在分发玩具，其中toy为原文复现。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：杰登让他的阿姨芭芭拉买了一堆小玩具，带他到乔治亚州，萨凡纳市中心，他 住的地方附近，这样他就可以把玩具送人了。A. sell them out卖光；B. set them up设置；C. set them aside 预留；D. give them away 捐赠。 根据下文 “It is just so overwhelming to some people that a six-year-old orphan would give away a toy一expecting nothing 14 一except a smile."可知，杰登是在分发玩具，其中 give away为原词复现。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:“我在努力让人们微笑，”贾登说。A.smile微笑；B.feel感觉；C.succeed成功; D. talk 谈话。 根据下文 “It is just so overwhelming to some people that a six-year-old orphan would give away a toy一expecting nothing 14_exc叩t a smile.”可知，杰登分发玩具是为了让人们快乐、微笑起来，其中smile为原词复现。故选A项。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰登的目标是那些没有微笑的人，然后让他们的一天变得更好。A. desires想要;B. targets以为目标；C.attacks攻击；D. rescues解救。结合上文可知，杰登是把玩具分发给路人，让他们开心、微笑；由此可以推测出，他分发玩具的目标群体为没有微笑的人。B项"以为目标”符合 句意。故选B项。32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他已经去到四次不同场合，他也总是很成功。A. serious严肃的；B. stubborn 固执的；C.successful成功的；D. troublesome麻烦的。空前and表示并列、递进和顺承；后文“Even if sometimes he doesn't get exactly the 13 he was hoping for.”表示，即使有时候不如他的意。由此可以推测出，前文是想表达他每次的活动都很成功，即使有时活动效果没有那么好。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使有时候他并没有得到他想要的反应。A. gift礼物；B. difficulty困难；C. reaction 反应，行动；D.excuse借口。结合上文，杰登分发玩具是为了让大家微笑，而结合常识可知，微笑是一个 面部表情，即人们看到玩具后做出的反应和行为。故选C项。【34题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这对一些人来说是如此的不可思议，一个六岁的孤儿会把一个玩具送给别人一一 除了一个微笑，什么也不求回报。A. in need有需要的;B. in return作为回报；C.for fun为了好玩；D. on show 上映。结合上文，杰登分发玩具是为了让大家微笑，所以是除了微笑，别无他求，不求任何回报。故选B 项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问及他是否认为自己可以实现这个目标时，他回答说：“我认为我可以。” A. goal 目标；B. possibility 可能性；C. decision 决定;D. choice 选择。根据上文“ Am counting on it to be 33,000/ said Jaden."可知，杰登想收集三万三千个微笑，这是他的目标。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分,满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当 单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A HILLARYS resident has shaved off her long hair in support of a friend who has a hair loss condition. Kam Waihi shaved her hair on May 12 in recognition of her friend Kathi Tait, who has been dealing with alopecia areata （斑秃） 36 she was nine years old.“It all happened very quickly. I started getting large bald patches and 37 no time I lost 40 percent of my hair. " Ms. Tait said. "My sister passed away from blood cancer the year before, so it was an38 （extreme） tough time. I managed to get through primary school. However, high school was a different story. It was terrible; I got bullied （被欺负）because of my alopecia.”Ms. Tait 39 （wear） a wig （彳发发）for the first year of high school and