2020-2021学年河南省名校联盟高二下学期期末考试英语试题.docx

姓名:考生号:河南名校联盟20202021学年高二（下）期末考试英语考生注意：1 .本试轰共8页。时间100分钟，满分120分。答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考生号填写在 试卷指定位置,并将姓名、考场号,座位号,考生号填写在答题卡上,然后认真核对条形码上的 信息,并将条形码君贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2 .作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。作答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上对应的答题 区域内。写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并收回。第I卷（选择题，共70分）第一部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和I）四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Britain's brilliant bridges have aided trade and brought communities together and are always the most exciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.Clifton Suspension Bridge, BristolDescribed by its legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling"，in was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the l,352ft-Jong toll(U攵费 Gorge.Theover the Avon Gorge.Thc £ 1 toll for every journey pays for its repair. The histoiy of the bridge, dating back to 1864,is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-TeesA pedestrian and cycle footbridge across the River Tecs, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2(X)9. It is particularly spectacular(壮观)at night. The arches of the bridge arc also lit white and, on calm nights ,thcir reflection in the water appears as an infinity symbol, thereby inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.Tower Bridge, LondonAn engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Cornish granite, Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can lake in the views over the capital and experience seeing London life through (he Glass Floor.Iron Bridge, ShropshireOpened in 1781, this is the first arch bridge in the world to be made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the crat of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.1. Which bridge has the longest history?B. Infinity Bridge.D. Iron Bridge.B. The public give it two names.D. Its arch is the biggest on the earth.A. Clifton Suspension Bridge.C. Tower Bridge.2. What can we know about Infinity Bridge?A. People can just walk on it.C. It's well worth visiting at night.3. What do Clifton Suspension Bridge and Tower Bridge have in common?A. They are both over 120 years old.C. They have the same original design.B. Visitors should pay for passing them.D. Visitors can have a good view of London on them.BAfter beating bone cancer,Hayley Arceneaux thinks rocketing into orbit on SpaceX's first private flight should be no problem at all. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital announced the29-ycar-oid doctor's assistant will rocket into space later this year.Arceneauxa former patient at St. Judewill become the youngest American in space, beating NASA record-holder Sally Ride by over two years. She will travel with businessman Jared Isaacman, who is using thespaceflight he bought (o raise money for charily.When she was 10, Arceneaux had an operation at St. Jude to replace her knee and a piece of metal was put in her left leg. She still limps and has occasional leg pain.“My battle with cancer really prepared me for space travel,“ she recently told The Associated Press. “It made me tough, and then also I think it really taught me to expect the unexpected and go along for the ride.”Arceneaux wants to show her young patients and other cancer survivors that “the sky is not even the limit anymore." "It's going to mean so much to these kids to see a survivor in space/' she said.Isaacman announced his space flight on February 1, promising to raise $200 million for St. Jude. He will provide half of the amount himself. As the flight's self-appointed commander, he offered one of the four scats aboard SpaceX's Dragon spacecraft to St. Jude. The hospital chose Arceneaux from among its many workers who had once been patients. The idea was that one of them could represent the new generation, noted Rick Shadyac, president of St. Jude's financing organization.A lifelong space fan who loves adventures, Arceneaux has traveled widely and loves rollercoasters. Isaacman, who flies fighter airplanes fbr fun, considers her a perfect fit.The launch is planned for this fall at NASA's Kennedy Space Center, with the space craftorbiting Earth for two to four days.4. How old was Sally Ride probably when she was first in space?A.12.B. 27.C. 29.D. 32.5. What do we know about Arceneaux?B. She was a survivor in space.D. She wants to raise money.B. To raise money fbr St. Jude.D. To inspire more space fans.B. She has experienced (he space Hight.D. She can stand for the new generation.CA. She had a car accident.C. She is a worker at St. Jude.6. Why did Isaacman plan the space flight?A. To tly just for fun.C. To purchase a spaccship-Why was Arceneaux chosen for the space travel?A. She is a hero in beating cancer.C. She is adventurous and a space fan.Poaching(偷猎)and habitat loss have threatened Africa's two species of elephants, taking them closer toward the edge of extinction, according to a new report released by the International Union fbr Conservation of Nature (IUCN).Before this update, Africa's elephants were grouped together and were evaluated as vulnerable(脆弱的)by the IUCN. This is the first time the two species have been classified separately. In the past, elephants were mostly considered as either Asian elephants or African elephants. Forest and savanna elephants were typically classified as subspecies of African elephants.The African forest elephant is now listed as critically endangered and (he African savanna elephant as endangered. The number of African forest elephants fell by more than 86% over a31 -year assessment period. The population of African savanna elephants dropped by at least 60%over the last 50 years, according to the IUCN, which tracks the assessment risk of the world's animals. Africa currently has an estimated 415,000 elephants, counting the two species together.Both elephant species experienced significant population decreases because of poaching. Although it peaked in 2011, illegal hunting still happens and continues to threaten elephant populations. African elephants also face continued habitat loss as their land is converted for agriculture or other uses.There is some good consenation news, the IUCN points out. Anti-poaching measures, combined with better land use planning to support better human-wildlife relationships, have helped conservation efforts. Some forest elephant population figures have stabilized in well-managed arc as in Gabon and the Republic of Congo and savanna population figures have remained stable or have been growing, particularly in the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area in southern Africa.But with persistent demand for ivory and increasing human pressures on Africa's wild lands, concern for Africa's elephants is high, and the need to creatively conserve and wisely manage these animals and their habitats is severer than ever.7. Which of the following can describe African forest elephants?A. Their situation is even worse.B. They arc divided into two kinds.C. They're under threat due to poaching only.D. Their population has grown in Gabon.8. What does the underlined word “converted” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Expanded.B. Accumulated.C. Transformed.D. Classified.9. What's the author's attitude to the present situation of African elephants?A. Uninterested.B. Optimistic.C. Uncertain.D. Worried.10. What,s the main idea of the text?A. Poaching and habitat loss will make elephants extinct.B. Both of Africa's elephant species are now endangered.C. More and more African elephants arc being illegally hunted.D. More measures should be taken to protect African elephants.DA Chinese space mining company has designed a robot that can capture waste material left behind by spacecraft in outer space with a big net.The state-run Xinhua news agency recently reported that the robot launched on （he government's Long March 6 rocket along with several satellites. The robot will also investigate deep space to observe small objects in the universe. The 30-kilogram robot, called NEO-Ol, was developed by Origin Space. Founded in 2019 and based in （he southern Chinese tech hub Shenzhen, Origin Space has been dedicated to exploring and using space resources, according to the company. The company says the robot will lead the way for future technologies capable of mining on asteroids（小行星）.The world's first asteroid mining company, Planetary Resources, 2（X）9.Sinceished in 2009.Since then, more than 12 businesses around the world have entered the industiy, including 3D Systems of the United States and Japans Astroscale. Astroscale's technology uses magnets（磁铁）to gather up space waste. But a report on the Origin Space website says NEO-01 will use a net to capture waste and then burn it. Thousands of satellites have been launched worldwide. As they are used fbr too long, many end up as waste and put other operating satellites al risk.Su Meng is the founder of Origin Space. He said the company plans to launch many space 2O45.Supes and more spacecraft to begin the first fbr-profit mining of asteroids by 2045.Su added that NEO-01 will serve as a prototype（雏形）of future space mining robots, which can use rich mineral resources on asteroids to support the development of the space industry.The Xinhua news agency reported that China was increasing efforts to land a spacecraft on a near-Earth asteroid to collect materials. China is also speeding up a plan to build a defense system against near-Earth asteroids. The country aims to follow Russia and the United States in becoming a major space power by 2030. 12. What can we know about NEO-01 ?A. It weighs 60 kilograms.B. It was created by Planetary Resources.C. It will be burnt after accomplishing its mission.D. It is mainly used to catch space waste.13. Why does China try to land a spacecraft on a near-Earth asteroid?A. To collect materials.B. To build a defense system.C. To catch up with Russia and America.D. To support the development of the space industry.14. It can be learned from the text that .A. China will be （he most powerful in space by 2030Origin Space will open more mines on asteroidsB. it is those useless satellites that make space wastethe robot will look into deep space for more waste 15. What can be the best title for the text?A. NEO-01, a smart robot used in spaceA Chinese robot can catch space wasteB. A new robot makes China a space powerNEO-01, the pioneer of future space robots 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You may have recently heard of NFT technology, which permits digital works of art to be collected and sold for millions of dollars.But why would people pay so much money fbr something （hey cannot even touch? And what is driving the current rise in NFTs? 16What is an NFT?NFT stands for non-fungible token（非同质化代币）.17 It is based on a technology called blockchain（区块链），which is also used with digital currency systems known as cryptocurrcncy.What kinds of things are NFTs?18 They are usually bought with electronic money. The form of digital currency mainly used with NFTs is called ether. NFTs have been used to sell sports videos, pieces of land in worlds that only exist on computers and even the first-ever tweet by Twitter's founder.What do critics say about NFTs?Critics note that traditional art, like a painting, can be placed on a wall and looked al. 19 They point out that even though an artist can “own” a digital piece, others can easily save a copy of the same work as a file on their computer.What are some prices for NFTs?In February, a I O-second video showing an image of former U. S. President Donald Trump sold on an NFT marketplace for over $6 million. The first-ever published tweet from Twitter founder Jack Dorsey recently sold fbr nearly $3 million.20It is too early to say if NFTs arc good investments. But so far, many people have items that arc worth more than what they paid for （hem. This is no guarantee, however, that such buyers will be able to sell their digital objects for a profit.A. But digital art is different.B. Why do people like NFTs?C. Are NFTs good investments?D. It is something that only exists in the digital world.E. NFTs can exist in the form of images, video, music and text.F. Here are some basics to help you understand the technology.G An NFT can be attached to other things existing in the digital form.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节二满分次分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。When I was a boy growing up I cannot once ever remember either my mom or my grandmother wasting food. Anything we didn't eat at one meal was 21. stored ,and served as leftovers later on. I can 22 mygrandmother making a huge pot of brown beans with a large cake of cornbread. We would all eat until we were 23 but there was always about half of the beans 24. A few days later Grandmother would take （hose25 out of the refrigerator, boil pasta, add parsley and 26 them all together into her delicious PastaFasulc （意大利面食）.And I also remember when I 27 my mom fry bacon for us in the mornings she would always take the butter and 28 pour it into a container. Then she later would 29 it to flavor up （调味）so many other dishes.I learned their 30well and after I grew up I tried to never 31food myself. I always 32the week's meals ahead of （ime and only bought what was on my shopping _33 so nothing went to waste.Every34 went into our stomachs andany leftovers were later eatenby either myself, my boys, or mydogs. To me throwing food in the trash was just35. All the work it took to grow it, harvest it, and prepareit needed to be36and not wasted.I 37 something else over （he years, however: When it comes to38 there are no leftovers.Each moment that you don'tlive is 39forever. Life cannot be saved. Life cannot be 40. Life hasto be lived, TODAY!21. A. thrownB.abandonedC.savedD. poured22. A. rememberB. witnessC. imagineD. assist23. A. uncomfortableB. fullC. unbearableD. content24. A. picked outB. left overC. made use ofD. fed up with25. A. cakesB. potsC. dishesD. beans26. A. rollB. dipC. mixD. fry27. A. watchedB. feltC. heardD. helped28. A. frequentlyB. carefullyC. curiouslyD. abruptly29. A. swallowB. removeC. digestD. use30. A. recipesB. experimentsC. lessonsD. procedures31. A. makeB. purchaseC. reserveD. waste32. A. plannedB.cookedC. distributedD. collected33. A. billB. list