英语新设计译林（皖湘）版必修五讲义Unit1PartⅣ.docx

学前热身，成竹在胸Part IV Project 课前预习II .重点单词.apartment .公寓套房.topic .话题1 .attitude .态度，看法.anchora扎根于；使基于；下锚；使固定.锚.eager ”4/.热切的，急不可待的.worldwide adj.& adv.全世界(的).pause vi.& .停顿，暂停2 .regardless adv.不顾；不管怎样.rely vi.依靠，依赖.revision .复习；修订，修改.hesitate说.犹豫;迟疑不决12,adolescent ,吟青春期的.青少年一adolescence .青春期；青春.cautious(.小心的，谨慎的->caution .谨慎,小心.respond由.作出反响，回应一response .回答；反响.security .平安，安全；安全措施f secure必.安全的，可靠的milled痴.尽心尽力的:坚信的；坚定的一commit”.使承当义务；使作出保证；犯罪/错.mercy .宽恕；仁慈 merciful 力.仁慈的.apology .抱歉-*apologiz(s)e 况.抱歉，表示歉意II .核心短语1 .be based on以为基础，以为根据.regardless of 不管，不顾.cnd up最终处于；最后成为.rely on依赖，依靠2 .thanks to 幸亏；由于.be committed to 对尽心尽力take/adopl a(n.ailitude.采取的态度Firstly, we should develop a positive attitude towards life.首先，我们应该培养一种对生活的积极态度。But most students take an active attitude towzirds/to failure.但是多数学生对失败采取积极的态度。Do you know his attitude to/towards the question?你知道他对这个问题的看法吗？2 .cautiousM/.小心的，谨慎的；细心的(教材 Pi8)A boy is likely to be cautious about sharing his feelings with his close friends.对于与密友们提供感情这件事，男孩会更加谨慎。(l)be cautious about/of 对小心谨慎的be cautious to do sth谨慎地做某事(2)caution .小心，谨慎with caution=cautiously 谨慎，也®Parents must be cautious ofVabout whatever they say or do in or out of their home because their children are learning from them both consciously and unconsciously.父母必须对他们在家中或是外面所说或所做的任何事情小心谨慎，因为他们的孩子可能有意或是无意地跟 他们学。Move the vase cautiously(=with caution)bccause it is fragile.请小心挪动这个花瓶，因为它易碎。The students are cautious not to make(make)any mistakes in spelling.学生们在拼写时非常小心，以防止出错。3 .cager。靖.热切的，急不可待的(教材 Pi8)A girPs closest friend, however, might be eager to tell her about something that has happened in her life.而一个女孩的密友那么可能会迫不及待地向她吐露自己生活中发生过的一些事。be eager for sth渴望得到某物be eager to do sth渴望做某事Everyone is eager to succeed, but (he road (o success is full of hardships.每个人都渴望成功，但是通往成功的道路上充满艰辛。©These stay-at-home children in the countryside are eager for the love and care from their parents.这些农村留守儿童渴望得到父母的关爱。名师点津表达“渴望做某事”的短语还有：be anxious to do sth be dying to do sth be keen to do sth long to do sth.hesitate泣犹豫；迟疑不决；踌躇；勉强(教材 Pi8)When asked, they usually hesitate before responding.当被问起时，他们在回答前往往会犹豫一下(1 )hesitate about/over/at 对犹度hesitate to do sth不愿做某事，迟疑做某事(2)hesitaiion .犹豫；迟疑不决without hesitation 毫不犹豫©In case you need something, please don't hesitate to ask me.如果你需要什么东西，请不要客气，一定要对我说。She is still hesitating about/over/at sending her son to study abroad.对于要不要安排儿子出国学习一事，她仍犹豫不决。Do as I tell you wilhoul hesitaiion.不要犹豫了，就照我告诉你的去做。4 .respond讨.作出反响，回应；回答(教材 Pi8)When asked, they usually hesitate before responding.当被问起时，他们在回答前往往会犹豫一下(1 )respond to sb/sth with sth以某种方式回应某人/事(2)response.回答；响应；反响in response lo作为对的反响make a quick response to对作出很快的反响make no response to 对没作回复The young lady responded to my greeting with a vacant look as if I were air, which made me feel somewhat embarrassed.这位年轻的女士用一种空洞的表情回应我的问候，好像我是空气一般，让我觉得有点尴尬。(2)1 nodded in response lo his answer.听到他的回答，我点了点头。(3)1 want to know why the (eacher made no response(resDond)to the student's mistake.我想知道老师为什么没有对这个学生所犯的错误做出反响。He responded to my suggestion with a laugh.他对我的建议报之一笑。mitted。s.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的；效忠的(教材 Pi9)Friendship means being committed to others.友谊意味着忠诚于他人。(l)commit M做出(错或非法的事);犯(罪或错等)；承诺,保证commit to doing.容许做commit oneself to (doing) sth.容许做commitment C( = promise)承诺，保证；投入；奉献make a commitment to do sth 承诺/许诺做某事Most crimes are committed by young men.多数罪行都是年较人犯下的。She is very committed to her job to help the poor.她致力于帮助穷人的工作。She doesn't want to make a big emotional commitmenl (commil)to Steve at the moment.她不想在此刻对史蒂夫在感情上作出重大的承诺。He admitted having committed a mistake.他成认犯了错误。7.mercy .宽恕；仁慈；幸运之事，侥幸(教材 P)9)Because I am a friend, I have had to learn patience and mercy.因为我是一个朋友，所以我就要学会忍耐和宽容。al the mercy of.任摆布；在的掌握中without mercy无情地；残忍地have mercy on怜悯，宽恕show mercy to对表 示同情®They were lost at the sea, at the mercy of the wind and weather.他们在海上迷了路，任凭风和天气的摆布。He showed mercy to (he defeated enemy.他怜悯被打败的敌人。(3)They had little mercy on their enemy.他们对敌人绝不留情。He was treated witheul mercy.他受到无情地对待。燧®短语1 .be based on以为基础(教材 Pi8.but friendships between boys are based on shared activities or interests.而男孩之间的友谊那么以共同的活动或爱好为基础。base . on/upon.把建立在基础之上at the base of.在的底部You'd better choose a room based on your own personal tastes.你最好根据你的个人爱好选择一个房间。Basing(base)an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.把一个重要的决定更多地建立在情感基础上，而不是以理性思考为基础，你迟¥会后悔的。I found a small insect at the base of the flower.我发现这花的底部有一个小昆虫。2 .regardless of不管；不后页(教材 Pi8)The qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friend seem to be the same, regardless of the basis of these friendships.无论男孩和女孩友谊的基础是什么，他们所看重的朋友身上的品质似乎是一样的。She is determined to do so regardless of all consequences.她不顾一切后果，决心这样做。名师点津regardless of的近义词或短语是despite或in spite of,其后常接名词或名词短语而不接从句。易混辨析regardless of, in spite of即学即用选用上述词语填空In spite of the cold day, he didn't shrink, and went to the rescue of a drowning child regardless of his personal safety.regardless of意为“不管”，强调主观态度in spite of意为“尽管”，表示让步关系，强调客观情况，相当于despite尽管天气很冷，他却没有退缩，而是不顾自身安危地去营救那个落水儿童。3 .end up最后成为；最终处于(教材 Pi9)I ended up returning to the train station and spending the rest of the day in (he waiting room.最终我I口I到火车站，在候车室里度过了这一天余下的时光。end up doing sth最终做某事end up with sth以某物结束end up+adj./介词短语 最后Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own.无人驾驶的汽车最终会成为一种公共交通工具，而不是你自己的交通工具。We started with soup, and ended up wilh fruits.我们开始喝汤，最后吃水果。Their efforts ended up jn failure.他们的努力以失败告终。4 .rely on(upon)依赖；依靠(教材 Pi9)Fricndship means having someone I can rely on.友谊意味着有一个人我可以依靠。rely on sb for sth依赖某人获得某物rely on sb to do sth依赖/信赖某人做某事rely on it that.相信©These days we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.现在，我们在很大程度上依靠电脑来安排我们的工作。They are a great group, and you can rely on them for help when you need it.他们是一个很棒的团队，当你需要时，可以指望他们帮助。As long as one doesn't come to rely on il, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.只要人不依赖它，希望将会发生的一些好事永远不会伤害任何人。You can rely on/upon me to keep(keep)your secret.你尽管相信我一定为你保密。5 .thanks to幸亏，多亏;因为(教材 Pi9)Thanks to her help, I was able to pass the exam.多亏了她的帮助，我才能通过考试。(l)thanks for为而感谢；因而感谢(2)表示“因为”的短语还有：because of owing todue to as a result of®It was a great successthanks to a lot of hard work.由于尽心羯力，这才获得了巨大的成功。©Because of the human beings5 destructive influence, (he number of this precious species has promptly dropped to less than 1, 000.由于人类破坏性的影响，这种珍稀物种的数量已经迅速下降到缺乏1000只。This accident was due o/owing to his careless driving.这场车祸是他开车疏忽大意造成的。 啕黝句式1 .(教材 Pis)When asked, they usually hesitate before responding.当被问起时，他们在回答前往往会犹豫一下(1)句中When asked作时间状语，分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系，这种结构实际上是时间状语从句”.n they are asked''的省略形式。(2)状语从句省略的具体用法如下： 适用从句：时间、地点、条件、方式和让步状语从句省略条件：从句主语与主句主语相同或从句主语为it,且从句的谓语局部含有be动词省略后从句的形式：连词+形容词/副词/分词/不定式/名词©Unless (it is) finished， you'd better not stop.除非事情做完了，否那么你最好不要停下来。©Although exhausled(exhaust)by (he climb, he continued his journey.虽然爬得很累，但他仍继续前进。He scanned the newspaper while having(have)breakfast.吃早饭时，他浏览了报纸。2 .(教材 Pi8)Wc have to realize： boys share activities, while girls share feelings.我们必须认识到：男孩共享活动，而女孩提供情感。(l)while在句中作并列连词，连接两个分句，表示比照，意为“而，然而”。Some people waste food while others haven't enough.有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。(2)while作附属连词的其他用法：引导时间状语从句，意为“当时”.引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管“，相当于although/though引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”While (here is life, there is hope.有生命就有希望。While(=Allhough/Though)he loves his students, he is very strict with them.虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。We must strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。当堂达标I对点演练，自主落实I .单句语法填空.There are a lot of things the boy is curious about.He is always asking questions.1 .Thc most awkward email mistake is usually coininitted(cominit) in anger.(2017天;聿高考).Life is still hard for a great many fanners in China's west.Because of that the government is taking new measures to help them out.4.She is so merciful(mercv) to the poor children in the mountainous area that she often devotes some money (o them.5 .The coat is very beautiful and suitable to me, though a little expensive.6 .Students should take notes so as to make revisions(revise) easier.7 . We may rely on k that 2020 is going to be a year of changes.8 . You could end up running(run) this company if you play your cards right.9 .He is a founding partner of the league based(base) in New York City.10 .Tini continued to run away, regardless of our shouts to him that he should return.11 .选词填空regardless of, be based on, rely on, thanks to, in conclusionI .Friendship is based on mutual respect and understanding.2 .He continued speaking regardloss nf my feeling and objection on the matter.3 .Thanks to your help, wc finished the task ahead of time.4.In conclusion. I'd like to say I've enjoyed staying here.1 .1 know I can rely on you to sort it out.ni.完成句子I .Whenever （it is） possible, he will come to help me.他一有可能就来帮助我。2 .They have to rely on the river for their water.他们用水只能依靠这条河。3 .How did you end up working on web services?您最终怎么会从事网络服务方面的工作呢？4.1 shouldn,t like to be al ihe mercy of such a cruel man.我可不愿受这样残酷的人摆布。5.Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggle.生活主要由幸福和悲伤组成，而幸福和悲伤那么存在于奋斗之中。6.If you need any help, don't hesitate to call us.如果你有任何需要，随时 联系我们。7.Thanks lo your help, I finished my homework on lime.多亏你的帮助，我才能按时完成我的作业。课时作业沙场练兵，大显身手I .单词拼写l.In response（反响）2 your inquiries, we regret to inform you that we cannot help you in this matter.2 .What's the government's attitud”态度towards the issue?3 .Nevertheless, the lopic（话题）is worth discussing.4 .He was caulious（谨慎）about his work.5 .She was eager（急切的）lo tell me about the events that led to the argument.6.John paused（停顿）then as if expecting Mary to speak.7.Height provides a sense of security（安全）and comfort, which is very attractive to women.8.She had little mercy（仁慈）on those who had hurt her.9.1 have an apology（抱歉）to make to youI'm afraid I opened your letter by mistake.lO.Oncc you show an interest in an item, you arc committed（尽心尽力的）to the process of bargaining.n.单句改错I.Forgettable is not a bad manner； on （he contrary, it is an advanced attitude on one's living.第二个 onlo/lo wards 2.He is a newcomer in this class, so he is eager of friends.of-*-for3.1 won't go to the party unless inviting.invitingf invited4 .When the teacher asked him to answer the question, he hesitates for a while.hesilalesf hesitated.You may rely on that Til support you.on 后力口 il.Even though he was poor himself» the mercifully old man gave him something to eat.mercifuHymerciful m.阅读理解AFarmer John and Fanner Bob were neighbors.For more than 30 years, they had been getting along very well.Then their good relationship broke.lt began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence.One morning Farmer John woke up (o find a stream between (he (wo farms. uIt must be Bob, ” John thought.Then one day there was a knock on John's door.He opened it to find a carpenter standing at the doorway.“I'm looking for a few days, work, “ the carpenter said.“I do have a job for you, “ John said. " Look across the stream at that farm.That's my neighbor Bob.Hc dug a stream between the two farms.I want you to build a fencean 8foot fence.I don't want to sec his place or his face any more.I don't have such a neighbor!”The carpenter said, 441 think I know what co do, sir, and (hat Til be able to do a job (hat pleases you.M Farmer John helped the carpenter gel the materials ready and (hen he was off for the day.About sunset when the farmer returned, the carpenter had just finished his job.The farmer's eyes opened wide.There was no fence at all!It was a bridge! And the neighbor, Bob, was coining across, with his hand outstretched (f申出).“Hi, John ! You're quite a fellow【o build ihis bridge! ”Then they met in the middle, taking each other's hands. 'Tm terribly sorry for what I have said and done.We should be good to each other, “ said Farmer Bob.Then they turned to see the carpenter, who was ready to go. " No, wait! Stay a few days.I have a lot of other jobs for you» ” said Farmer John. "I'd love to stay, “ the carpenter said, “but I have more bridges to build.” 【语篇解读】本文讲述的是两个准备老死不相往来的老邻居因为一个木匠的巧妙“调解”而重归于好的 故事。I.What does the sentence " You're quite a fellow to build this bridge! ” mean?A.John was great to build this bridge.B.John was not good at building bridges.C.John was foolish to build such a bridge.D.John should build the bridge earlier.答案 A 句意理解题。根据前几段的描述特别是倒数第二段中urm terribly sorry for what I have said and done.We should be good to each other.”可知，鲍勃对约翰修这座桥是表示赞扬和感激的。只有A符合题意。 2. What do you think of the carpenter?A.Shy.B. Wise.C.Proud.D.Careless.答案B 推理判断题。根据文章的描述特别是最后三段可知，木匠和他所修的桥在约翰和鲍勃关系的修 复中起到了重要的作用，说明木匠是个有智慧的人，应选B。3.What is the best tide for the passage?B.A Strong BridgeA.What a Big Fence!C.Three Kind MenD.A Fence or a Bridge?答案D 标题归纳题。文中提到木匠在两个邻居的农场中间没有修篱笆而是修了一座桥。用“篱笆还是 桥”作标题且用提问的方式，可以吸引读者的注意，其次留绐读者思考的空间。应选D。Bsomewherenext town.So help ? ” andWe were driving from Los Angeles to Dallas, running low on gas in New Mexico and figured we'd see a gas station soon enough to fill up.But that didn't happen and we realized we wouklift make it to the my daughter made up a sign that read “ Low on gas.Can you held it outside her window in the hope that a driver in the next lane would notice it and stop.There weren't too many vehicles passing us either at the tiinc.lt was a lonely stretch of road and about 3： 30 pm on a weekday.An elderly gentleman was driving along happily in the neighboring lane ahead of us.Wc caught up with it in the hope the driver would notice the sign. After a brief expression of confusion on his face, he seemed to have noticed the sign and slowed down to pull over.We pulled over right behind him.He was friendly and was eager to help us.At first he thought we didn't have enough money to buy gas, so he offered to buy us gas at the next town Roswell that was about 10 miles away!When wc explained our predicament of not having enough gas to get to Roswell, he said his farm was about 10 minutes away and they had a gas pump there» so if wc could give him 20 minutes, he would head back there, get a can of gas and fill up our tank for us.We could no( believe our good fortune! There not being any cell phone reception for either of us in the area, we had just hoped that whoever stopped to help would be kind enough to call AAA when they got to Roswell and we would just wait it out for them to help us.7.have a quarrel with 与争吵8.in conclusion总之DI.经典句式l.Onc day Robert was so curious that he asked Amanda what they talked