专题十四 七选五专项练习--高三英语二轮复习专题练习.docx

专题十四七选五一、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中 有两项为多余选项。Do you ever feel really afraid of failing? Do you think you have to be perfect all the time? Do you get very upset over small mistakes that you think you made and then imagine that makes the whole thing you are working en wrong?Perfectionists think that if they don't act perfectly, they are really bad or worthless.For example, you imagine other people judge you very harshly for very small mistakes. Perfectionists set really unrealistic goals for themselves, such as, I will make honor roll every year or never miss a step in that dance sequence.This kind of thinking means you view situations as all good or all bad-nothing in between.The first step is to help them identify their thoughts about a situation that's distressing. They are advised to ask themselves, "What is going through my mind right now?* Then, if their next thought is along the lines of all-good or all-bad thinking such as *'l made a mistake and now my project is ruined,'1 it is suggested that they ask themselves something about that thought. They could ask, "Is there a way to see my situation as not all good or bad, but as something in between?Setting realistic goals sounds like a crucial pari of trying to avoid perfectionism, while still being motivated to do well. Yes, contrary to what most people think, you can still become very successful without being a perfectionist!They can fail at a task and more easily bounce back from that failure.A. If you do, then you arc probably a perfectionistSo what can people do to help change the way they think?B. Perfectionists sometimes avoid challenges for fear of failingD. When they don't meet these goals, they feel it's a catastropheE. They appreciate success without linking it so rigidly to their self-worth.F. Positive strivers set realistic goals and enjoy challenging themselves.G. They usually think others also use the same unreasonably high standards to judge them.二、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中 有两项为多余选项。and energy vampires from your circle of five.Nourish your circleOnce you identify the people who belong to your reference group, it is important to nourish these relationships. Different individuals evolve at a different pace. The important part is to be aware of this living and changing "circle of five". Of course, five is a rough guide. It could be slightly more or less. Let this circle of five motivate you, help you gain courage, and take the right actions.Play this role sincerely and demonstrate a growth mindset to anyone who lists you as part of their circle of five.A. Know your circleDominate your circleB. Over time, this core circle may change.C. It means that this "circle" can help you live a better life.D. The influence of those around us can be quite significant.E. Also remember Just like others influence you, you also have an influence on others. G. What are the similarities between you and the five people you are constantly close to?答案以及解析答案：-AGDBF解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了完美主义者的特征以及如何改变完 美主义者的思维。根据前文“Do you ever feel really afraid of failing? Do you think you have to be perfect all the time? Do you get very upset over small mistakes that you think you made and then imagine that makes the whole thing you are working on wrong?（你曾 经真的害怕失败吗？你认为你必须一直保持完美吗？你是否会因为你认为自己 犯了一些小错误而非常沮丧，然后想象这会让你正在做的整个事情都错了？ y 可知，如果有以上的现象，你有可能是一个完美主义者。所以选择项A'fyou do, then you arc probably a perfectionist.（如果是的，那么你可能是一个完美主义 者。户符合上下文语境。故选A。根据前句"Perfectionists think that if they don't act perfectly, they are really bad or worthless.（完美主义者认为，如果他们表现得不完美，他们就真的很糟糕或毫 无价值。）"和后句"For example, you imagine other people judge you very harshly for very small mistakes.（例如，你想象其他人会因为你的一个小错误而严厉地批 评你。）“可知，完美主义者认为不但自己要求完美，还会认为别人都以高标准 来评判他们。所以选择项 G“They usually think others also use the same unreasonably high standards to judge them.（他们通常认为别人也用同样不合理的 高标准来评判他们。户符合上下文语境。故选G。根据前句“Perfectionists set really unrealistic goals for themselves, such as, I will make honor roll every year or never miss a step in that dance sequence.（完美主义者 给自己设定的目标非常不切实际，比如，我每年都要上荣誉榜，或者在舞蹈中 从不错过一步。）"和后句"This kind of thinking means you view situations as all good or all badnothing in between.（这种思维意味着你认为情况不是全好就是全 坏一没有介于两者之间。户可知，如果完美主义者没有达到给自己设定的目 标，就会认为很糟糕。所以选择项 D“When they don't meet these goals, they feel it,s a catastrophe.（当他们没有达到这些目标时，他们会觉得这是一场灾难。）”符 合上下文语境。故选D。空处为本段主旨句。根据后文“The first step is to help them identify their thoughts about a situation that's distressing. They are advised to ask themselves, “What is going through my mind right now?" Then, if their next thought is along the lines of all-good or all-bad thinking such as “I made a mistake and now my project is ruined,“ it is suggested that they ask themselves something about that thought. They could ask, “Is there a way to see my situation as not all good or bad, but as something in between?”（第一步是帮助他们确定自己对令人痛苦的情况的想法。建议他们问 自己：“我现在在想什么?”然后，如果他们的下一个想法是完全好的或完全坏 的，比如“我犯了一个错误，现在我的项目被毁了“，建议他们问问自己关于这 个想法的一些事情。他们可能会问：“有没有一种方法可以让我的处境不完全 是？ ”厂可知，本段主要介绍如何帮助改变完美主义者的思维方式。所以选择项 B"So what can people do to help change the way they think?（那么，人们能做些什 么来帮助改变他们的思维方式呢？广符合题意。故选B。根据前文“Setting realistic goals sounds like a crucial part of trying to avoid perfectionism, while still being motivated to do well. Yes, contrary to what most people think, you can still become very successful without being a perfectionist!（设 定现实的目标听起来像是避免完美主义的一个关键部分，同时仍然有动力做 好。是的，与大多数人的想法相反，你仍然可以变得非常成功，而不是一个完 美主义者!）"和后句"They can fail at a task and more easily bounce back from that failure.（他们可以在任务中失败，并且更容易从失败中恢复过来。广可知，这里 介绍完美主义者与积极奋斗者对待目标的态度。所以选择项FTositive strivers set realistic goals and enjoy challenging Ihemselves.（积极奋斗者设定现实的目标， 喜欢挑战自我。户符合上下文语境。故选F。、答案：DCAGF解析：这是一篇说明文。作者认为人们在感到焦虑和紧张的时候，可以进行情 绪锻炼，并提出了几种具体的情绪锻炼的方法。根据上文"It's like working out prevents high blood pressure and heart disease.就像 锻炼可以预防高血压和心脏病一样）”可推知下文讲的是情绪锻炼对压力和紧张 是有益的，这与 D 项"Emotional fitness can benefit stress management （情绪健康 对情绪管理有好处）”符合题意，故选D项。根据上文“Feeling hurt, annoyed or angry with someone else's behavior might reflect something.（对他人的行为感到受伤、生气或愤怒可能会反映出我们不喜欢 自己的地方）”可知，我们不喜欢朋友的那些行为，也是我们不喜欢自己的地方。 C项"That's what we dislike about ourseNes（这是我们不喜欢我们自己的方面）"符 合题意，故选C项。根据下文"Befriend tough emotions.（和难过的情绪做朋友）"可推知上文提到了 难过情绪，A项"Feeling down?（情绪低落？）”符合题意，故选A项。根据本段标题"Befriend tough emotions（和难过的情绪做朋友）”以及上文 "However, we can't merely rely on defenses（然而，我们不能仅仅依赖于防御）推 知，如果不能感知情绪，即和难过的情绪做朋友，处理情绪问题的能力就会受 到影响，导致只能依赖防御。G I®"Wilhout feeling our emotions, our ability to process them will be influenced.（没有感知到我们的情绪，我们处理情绪的能力会受 到影响）”符合题意，故选G项。根据下文"By understanding them, we can uncover the cause of suffering（理解 了 这些，我们就能发现痛苦的根源）”可知上文讲的是造成焦虑的原因，F项叮。 conclude, symptoms like anxiety are the body's alarm system（总之，像焦虑这样的症 状是身体的警报系统）”符合题意，故选F项。三、答案：FBCGE解析：推理判断题。根据下文 AH you need to do is just spare some time to make art in your daily life（你所需要做的只是抽出一些时间在日常生活中创作艺术。） 可知,F项“但你不必是全职艺术家就能获得这些好处。”符合语境。故选F。细节理解题。根据下文 In fact, there're no differences in health outcomes between those who are identified as experienced in art and those who aren'l（事实上， 在艺术经验者和非艺术经验者之间，健康结果没有差别。）可知,B项“不要要求自 己拥有高超的技能。符合语境。故选B。细节理解题。根据下文Mix it up一do whatever you're in the mood for（混合起来 一做任何你想做的事。）可知C项“不要觉得你必须坚持一件事。”符合语境。故 选C。推理判断题。根据前文 Once you have your art materials, here comes the fun part. Let yourself get lost in the process and just play（一旦你有了 艺术素材，有趣的部分 就来了。让自己迷失在这个过程中,尽情玩乐吧。）可知,G项“所以,你甚至不需要 完成你正在做的事情就可以感受到这些健康益处。”符合语境。故选G。推理判断题。根据前文You don't even need a few hours.（你甚至不需要几个小 时。）可知,E项“每天只做10分钟的艺术可以创造奇迹。”符合语境。故选E。 四、答案：-CGADF解析：这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一些英语学习的实用建议。空前一句"Worse still, I couldn't memorize the new words.（更糟的是，我记不住 新单词）“提到自己的学习困境，结合空后“Hopefully, he offered me some important suggestions, which have helped me out.（满怀希望地，他给 了我一些重要 的建议，这些建议帮助了我）“可知，空处应是提及向某个人求助，指明空后一 句中“he”的具体指代对象，C项”后来，我向我的英语老师求助”符合语境。故选 Co根据空前“Read more.（多阅读）”可知，本段是讲述多阅读，G项”试着每周至少 读一本书和几本杂志”符合语境，故选G。空处是段落主题句，根据本段中“Read entries for words you aren't yet familiar with. This requires the ownership of a quality dictionary to make it more interesting, so look for a dictionary that has lengthy explanations on the origins and uses of words（阅读词条中你不熟悉的单词。这就要求你拥有一本高质量的词典，让它 更有趣，所以找一本对单词的起源和用法有详细解释的字典）”可知，本段是关 于阅读字典，A项“阅读字典”符合语境。故选A。空前“Try to guess the words in context. When you see an unfamiliar word, do not skip over it impatiently. Try to puzzle out its possible meaning in the context of the sentence, then look it up in the dictionary and confirm its definition.（试着猜测上下文 中的单词。当你看到一个不熟悉的单词时，不要不耐烦地跳过它。试着在这个 句子的上下文中找出它可能的意思，然后查字典并确认它的定义）”描述了阅读 中处理生词的方法，结合选项，D项“我应该说，这是我最有效的方法”描述这 种方法的作用，D项中的“This”指代上文描述的方法。故选D。上文“To be a lifelong learner definitely requires a lol.（做一个终身学习者确实需 要很多努力）”提到成为终身学习者需要很多努力，结合下文“Creating habits I。 help us learn and use the most accurate words in our language will make it easier to communicate, write, and think.（养成习惯，帮助我们学习和使用语言中最准确的 单词，这将使我们更容易交流、写作和思考）”可知，空处和词汇学习有关，F项 “但是我们可以通过扩大词汇量来成为一个有学问的人“符合语境，与上文形成 转折关系，故选F。五、答案：-GEBDF解析：本文是篇说明文。作者通过对一部反映了第一次世界大战的英国电影 1917的详细介绍，表达了人们应该阻止战争、珍惜和平的愿望。上一句中"/9/7 is set in the disorder and confusion of World War I."（1917的 背景是第一次世界大战的无序和混乱）提到了第一次世界大战，选项G”它发生 在法国北部所谓的无人区吸其周围”中的“Makes place”继续说明了一战发生的 地点，衔接合理；下一句中的"separaling British and German troops."（将英国和德 国的军队分隔开了。）表明了空处应该提到了某处地点，而选项G中的“in and around the so-called "no man's land" in northern France”恰好指出 了一战发生的地 点，符合语意。故选G。上一句"Blake and Schofield, arc awakened from what could have only been a few minutes of sleep."（两名英国年轻士兵，布莱克和斯科菲尔德，从原本只有几分钟 的睡眠中醒来。）提到Blake和Schofield被从睡梦中叫醒了，选项E”他们奉命 报到接受新任务”说明了被叫醒的原因，衔接合理，符合语境。故选E。根据下一句"so Blake and Schofield are ordered to head on foot to that company in order to call off the attack before it can start, a journey that, will force them to travel through the enemy territory."（所以Blake和Schofield奉命步行前往那家连队，以 便在进攻开始前取消进攻，这将迫使他们穿越敌方领土）可知，空处应该是说明 二人奉命步行赶往连队的原因，选项B”无线电线路坏了”，因为无法用电讯设 备通知连队取消进攻，只好派二人步行前往，合情合理，符合语境。故选B。根据前文的"Through the eyes of Blake and Schofield, the movie shows the horror of a war that cost the lives of countless innocent people."（这部电影通过 Blake 和Schofield的眼睛，展示了一场夺去无数无辜生命的战争的恐怖。）可知，作者认 为战争都是残酷的，都是以牺牲生命为代价的；上一句"As US scientist Benjamin once said”（正如美国科学家本杰明曾经说过的），结合常识和作者的观 点，选项D”从来没有好的战争，也没有坏的和平”是本杰明曾说过的话，也符 合语意。故选D。根据上句的"Through this classic and moving movie, we can learn the preciousness of peace and the evil of war. ”（通过这部经典感人的电影，我们可以 了解到和平的珍贵和战争的邪恶。）和下一句的"We ought to always think about how we can prevent war and how we can achieve peace."（我们应该经常思考如何防 止战争，如何实现和平。）可知，空处应该是以“we”为主语的句子；选项F中的 "also know”与上句的"learn"相对应；"the former"指的是上句中的"peace”（和 平），所以选项F是指“我们也知道我们总是应该尽最大的努力来捍卫和平;与 下文句意相连，符合语境。故选F。六、答案：-DFECG解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了赞美别人所带来的好处。分析设空可知，空处位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Instead, we are embarrassed and shrug off the words we are really so glad to hear. Because of this defensive reaction, direct compliments are surprisingly difficult to give. That is why some of the most valued pats on the back are those which come to us indirectly, in a letter or passed on by a friend.（相反，我们感到尴尬，对我们真正高兴听到的话不 屑一顾。由于这种防御反应，直接的赞美是非常困难的。这就是为什么一些最 有价值的鼓励是来自于间接的，来自于一封信或朋友的传递）”可知，本段主要 是在讲，我们不会随便赞美他人，所以D项"It's strange how cautious we are aboul praising.（奇怪的是，我们对赞美是如此谨慎）”符合文意。故选D。根据前文"Il's especially rewarding to give praise in areas in which effort generally goes unnoticed or unmenlioned.（在那些努力通常被忽视或不被提及的领域给予表 扬尤其有益可知，本段主要讲述了给那些被忽视或不被提及的人以鼓励会更 有益，再根据后文"A cook is praised for a perfect mcaL（厨师因一顿完美的饭菜而 受到表扬）”可知，此处在举反例，所以空处应也是反例，所以F项"Anartislgets complimented for a glorious pictured一位艺术家因一幅辉煌的画而受到称赞）"符 合文意。故选F。根据后文“Since so often praise is the only wage a housewife receives, surely she of all people should get her measure.（既然赞美常常是一个家庭主妇唯一得到的报 酬，那么她当然应该得到她应得的报酬）”可知，赞美常常是有些人得到的唯一 报酬。所以 E 项"Shakespeare said, "Our praises are our wages."（莎士比亚说过:"赞 美是我们的工资。）'后句是对本句的进一步说明，符合文意，其中wage为同 词复现。故选E。分析设空可知，空处位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文”It only takes a moment's thought and a moment's effort perhaps a quick phone call to pass on a compliment, or five minutes spent writing an appreciative letter. It is such a small investment and yet consider the results it may produced这只需要片亥lj的思考和片亥U 的努力，也许是一个快速的电话传递赞美，或花五分钟写一封感激的信。这是 一笔很小的投资，但考虑一下它可能产生的结果）”可知，赞美他人不需要什么 代价，所以 C 项"To give praise costs the giver almost nothing.（给予赞美者几乎不 需要付出任何代价）”符合文意。故选C。分析设空可知，空处位于段尾，应该是对前文的总结或者前句的说明，根据 前文”It is such a small investment and yet consider the results it may produce.（这是 一笔很小的投资，但考虑一下它可能产生的结果）”可知，后文应写后果，所以 G 项""I can live for two months on a good compliment,"said Mark Twain.（马克吐温 说过：”只凭一句赞美的话我就可以充实地活上两个月。符合文意。故选G。 七、答案：ECFGB解析：推理判断题。E 项"Probably, you have got your skis tuned and skates sharpened.（也许，你的滑雪板已经调好了，冰鞋也磨快了。与上文"If you have watched the amazing Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, chances are that you have fallen in love with some winter sports and you're already making sure your equipment is ready for them.（如果你观看了令人惊叹的北京2022年冬奥会，很可能你爱上了一 些冬季运动,并且你已经开始确保你的装备准备好了。中的"making sure your equipment is ready”呼应。故选 E。推理判断题。根据后文"Your metabolism（新陈代谢）increases to warm you up. Your heart and lungs also need to work harder to warm air before it enters your body.（你的新陈代谢增加使你暖和起来。在空气进入身体之前，你的心脏和肺也 需要更加努力地加热空气。）”可知，这两句话承接了 C项“Exercising in the cold decreases your body temperature.（在寒冷中锻炼会降低你的体温。厂因为有前文 的"decreases your body temperature”,才会有后文的"wann you up”。故选 Co 推理判断题。F 项"AH of them are areas that can be trained before the winter season.（所有这些都是冬季训练可以训练的部位。1中的主语” AH of them”指代上 文"The good news is that most winter sports involve heart endurance（耐力）,muscle strength and muscle endurance.（好消息是,大多数冬季运动都涉及心脏耐力、肌肉 力量和肌肉耐力。）"中提到的"heart endurance（耐力），muscle strength and muscle endurance"o 故选 F。推理判断题。G 项"However, it can be hard on the body the first time you hit the slopes.（然而，当你第一次踏上斜坡时，身体可能吃不消。片中的"it can be hard on the body”与后文"As anyone who has spent time skiing or snowboarding can prove, after a long day on the slopes, the body becomes exlremely lired.（任何花时间滑雪或 单板滑雪的人都可以证明，在斜坡上度过漫长的一天之后，身体会变得非常疲 惫。中"the body becomes extremely tired"呼应。故选 G。细节理解题。B 项"And that is when injuries arc more likely to occur.（而那是更 容易受伤的时候。中的that指前文"As anyone who has spent time skiing or snowboarding can prove, after a long day on the slopes, the body becomes extremely lired.（任何花时间滑雪或单板滑雪的人都可以证明,在斜坡上度过漫长的一天之 后，身体会变得非常疲惫。中的"the body becomes extremely tired",后文"To avoid this（为了避免这种情况）”中的this指B项中injuries<>故选B。八、答案：EGDAC解析：推理判断题。根据上一句”她对平板电脑很感兴趣，因为她认识拥有平 板电脑的人。”可知此处说的是她对平板电脑很感兴趣。所以E.And she believed that she must keep up with technology.她相信她必须跟上科技的发展。“符合语 境。故选E。推理判断题o 根据上一句"Our first task was email. She quickly learned the fundamentals.我们的第一项任务是发电子邮件。她很快就学会了基础知识。”可 知此处说的是学发电子邮件。所以"G.But she couldn't see the point of emailing when she could phone or visit in person.但当她可以打电话或亲自拜访时，她看不到 发电子邮件的意义。”符合语境。故选G。推理判断题。根据上一句"One Saturday she called because she was having trouble logging onto Netflix.有一个星期六，她打电话给我,因为她在登录Netflix时 遇到了问题。”可知此处说的是她在登录Netflix时遇到了问题。所以”D.I suggested it might require an update.我建议可能需要更新。"符合语境。故选Do 推理判断题。根据下一句"S