甘肃省兰州市第一中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含解析.docx
兰州一中2020-2021高一第一学期期末考试试题英语试卷说明:本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第n卷(非选择题)两部分。满分120分,考试时间 100分钟。答案写在答题卡上,交卷时只交答题卡。第I卷选择题(共50分)第一节 阅读理解(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。APOETRY CHALLENGEWrite a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.Prizes3 Grand Prizes:Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner's choice. Trip includes round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.6 First Prizes:The book Sky Pioneer:A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.50 Honorable MentionsJudges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart9s final flight.RulesFollow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines.Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You may use both the front and back of the paper.On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date.Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.1. How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Six.2. What will each of the honorable mention winners get?A. A plane ticket.B. A book by Corinne Szabo.C. A special T-shirt.D. A photo of Amelia Earhart.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们不得不行动起来。A.joke笑话;B. act行动;C. appear出现;D.learn学会。 根据上文学校没有学生,下句又提到''我们决定成为他的学生,因此推测我们决定帮助丈夫,所以是必 须行动起来。故Bo【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们决定成为他的学生,直到他找到一些真正的学生。A. workmates同事;B. families 家人;C. students 学生;D. consultants 顾问。根据后文“he got some "real" ones"和"so we stayed as learners可知我们决定做他的学生,直到他有了一些真正的学生。故选C。【20题详解】考查副词短语辨析。句意:我们认为,如果一个过路人朝窗户里看,学校里有五个人总比只有他一个人要 好。A. more than多于;B.in place of代替;C.rather than而不是;D. in case of万一。根据上文,我们决定 先充当他的学生,这样在外人眼里,这个学校里就会显得人多一点,而不是仅有校长一人。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他开始教我们动作和招式。A. speeches演讲;B. moves动作;C. manners礼仪;D. designs设计。根据后文"ballet moves可知,他开始教"我们动作和招式。故选B。22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们发现其中一些动作实际上和芭蕾舞动作相似,但难度要大得多。A. useful 有用的;B. accessible易接近的;C.comparable可比较的;D. similar相似的。根据语境,本句是作者把武 术的一些动作同芭蕾的动作进行比较,再根据后面的"but more difficult可知,可推出是两者很相似,但是 武术比芭蕾难。故选D。23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这是一种乐趣,但也具有挑战性。A. challenging有挑战性;B. disappointing 令人失望的;C.人ring无聊的;D. terrifying可怕的。根据前文but much more difficult可知,上下文是转 折关系,即这是一种乐趣,但也具有挑战性。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们被吸引了,所以继续学习。A.gotup起床;B. gave up放弃;C. broke away 放弃;D. stayed on保持;继续。根据前一句我们被武术吸引了,推出是我们继续当学生。故选D。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:最终,学校有了真正的学生。A.Unfortunately不幸地;B.Eventually最终;C. Obviously明显地;D. Regularly规律地。根据上文,作者等人在此充当学生的主要原因,就是要帮助丈夫吸 引学生,所以本句指终于,真正的学生来了。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:有很多成年男人和十几岁的男孩子,我们也吸引了很多其他的女孩和女人。A. attracted吸弓| ; B.joined加入;C.discovered发现;D. united统一。根据上句,学校招来了很多男性的学生, 所以本句应该是说除了男性之外,学校也吸引了一些女性学生。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一个特殊的学生是一个残疾的7岁的女孩。A. traditional传统的;B. homeless 无家可归的;C. disabled 残疾的;D. typical 典型的。根据后文“Although she is now a sightless, grown adult" 可知她是一个残疾孩子。故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她不仅失明还有其他健康问题。A. lame跛足的;B. deaf聋的;C.blind盲的;D. stupid愚蠢的。根据后文“sightless, grown adult”可知,这个女学生看不见,是盲人。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我女儿的帮助和鼓励下,这个小女孩成了一个真正的功夫孩子。A. threat威 胁;B. encouragement 鼓励;C. adjustment 调整;D. approval 批准。根据后文“this little girl got to be a real kung fukid.(这个残疾的小女孩成为一个真正的功夫女孩)可推出是我的女儿帮助与鼓励她。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然她现在是一个失明的成年人,但我相信如果她需要,她可以保护自己。A. feed 喂养;B. recognize 认出;C. educate 教育;D. protect 保护。根据上文“this little girl got to be a real kung fu kid.” 可知,这个残疾的小女孩武术学的很成功,所以作者相信她可以保护自己。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我自豪地说,我的女儿们在生活得各个方面都更加自信。A. ashamed羞愧的;B. stubborn固执的;C. sensitive敏感的;D.proud骄傲的。根据后面从句内容,my daughters are more confident in every area of their lives.我的女儿们在生活得各个方面都更加自信可知,作者对女儿们的成功 很骄傲。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:这段经历让我学会了尝试一些在学习功夫之前从未考虑要去学的东西。A. try out 尝试;B. give up放弃;C. apply to应用;D.hold back隐瞒。根据本文内容,作者以前从来没有想过要学 武术,但是在偶然的机会尝试学习武术之后,发现了它的众多好处。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这段经历让我学会了尝试一些在学习功夫之前从未考虑要去学的东西。A. appreciated感激;B.predicted预测;C.ignored忽略;D.considered考虑。根据上文内容,如果没有这次机 会,作者是不会去学武术的,所以推出此处是指,以前从未考虑过的东西。故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我所有的努力并没有都成功,但我会尝试几乎任何美好的事物。A. successful 成功的;B. helpful有帮助的;C. cheerful愉快的;D. enthusiastic热情的。结合常识可知,并非所有的努力 都会成功。故选A。【35题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意:我所有的努力并没有都成功,但我会尝试几乎任何美好的事物。A. some一些;B.any任何;C.none没有;D.either两者之一。根据这次经历,作者体会到尝试新鲜事物的好处,故此处 是指作者以后会去尝试任何美好的事物。故选B。【点睛】第H卷非选择题(共70分)第一节:单词拼写(共10题,每题1分,共10分)There is a choice of four seats, and you can s (选择)one of them.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】 select【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词。句意:在4个座位中进行选择,你可以选择其中一个。根据句意可知,设空处应填动 词select “选择”。根据句子结构,情态动词can后接动词原形。故填select。36. They(雇用)a robot to watch over the gate. It sends out signals when an incident arises.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】employ【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态。句意:他们雇佣一个机器人来看门。当出现事故时,机器人发出信号。根据所 给句子和汉语提示可推出是动词employ “雇佣”,该词为句子谓语,结合语境和下文的sends可知,此处 应用一般现在时,主语they是复数,动词用原型。故填employ。37. With the hazy weather in China a (影响)people's life, how to deal with environmental pollution has become a top concern.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】affecting【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:随着雾霾天气在中国影响人们的生活,如何处理环境污染已经成为了一 个首要关注。根据所给句子以及首字母和汉语提示,可推出是动词affect “影响”,分析句子可知,此处 应用非谓语作宾补,逻辑主语hazy weather和affect之间为主动关系,应用现在分词。故填affecting。38. Their dog (咬)a hole in my trousers.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】bit【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意:他们的狗把我的裤子咬了个洞。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知,此处填入 动词bite(咬)来做句子的谓语动词。又根据句意可知,狗把我的裤子咬了一个洞是过去发生的事情,所以 要用一般过去时,并且主语their dog和谓语动词bite是主动关系。故填bit。39. With the two-baby policy, there will be a lot of (竞争)for their mother's attention.(根据汉语提示单 词拼写)【答案】competition【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:随着“二胎”政策的实施,为了吸引妈妈的注意,会有很多竞争。根据所给句 子和汉语提示可推出是名词competition “竞争”,抽象概念,不可数,此处作为句子主语。故填competitiono 41. You can always get a real (便宜货)in that department store.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】bargain【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:在那家百货公司你总能买到便宜货。根据汉语提示以及空格前的不定冠词a和 谓语动词get(得到)可知,此处需要填入可数名词bargain(便宜货)的单数来做谓语动词get的宾语。故填 bargainoThe teacher (爆发) with anger when seeing so many students coming late to class.(根据汉语提示 单词拼写)【答案】exploded【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态。句意:看到这么多学生上课迟到,老师大发脾气。根据汉语提示“爆发”,以 及句子结构,可知此处用动词做谓语,再根据句意,描述的是已经发生的事,应该用一般过去时,explode withanger “大发脾气,勃然大怒”,故填exploded。42. The thief (承认)that he had stolen the bicycle.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】admitted【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态。句意:该小偷承认他偷了自行车。根据所给句子和汉语提示可推出是动词 admit “承认”,该词为主句谓语动词,结合语境和下文的had stolen可知,此处描述过去的事情,应用一 般过去时。故填admitted。43. As is known to all, traffic(信号)tell drivers and pedestrians when to stop and go.(根据汉语提示单词 拼写)【答案】signals【解析】【详解】考查名词复数。句意:众所周知,交通信号灯告诉司机和行人什么时候停车和走。根据汉语提示 信号可知,填名词signal;另signal作名词是为可数名词,结合空白后的tell可知,要用名词复数。故填 signalsoNo one (生还)the airplane crash in the jungle. What a terrible disaster!(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】survived【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意:飞机在丛林中坠毁,无人生还。多么可怕的灾难啊!根据汉语提示“生还” 可知,应填动词survive,此处陈述过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时。故填survived。第二节:单句语法填空(共10题,每题1分,共10分)Mr. Peter who is teaching us English is such a good teacher we all like.(用适当的词填空)【答案】as【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:教我们英语的彼得先生是一位我们都喜欢的好老师。先行词a good teacher 在定语从句中做宾语,并且被such修饰,此时只能用关系代词as引导限制性定语从句。故填as。44. When people talk about Hangzhou, the first comes to mind is the West Lake.(用适当的词填空)【答案】that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:当人们提起杭州,最先想到的是西湖。分析句子可知,设空处引导定语从 句,关系词代替先行词the first在从句中充当主语,应用关系代词,且先行词本身为序数词,故只能用关 系代词that。故填that。45. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology(make) by scientists.(所给词的适当形式 填空)【答案】will be made【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:在不久的将来,科学家们将在机器人技术上取得更大的进步。根据时间 状语"In the near future"可知,此处描述的是将来的情况,应用一般将来时;主语"advances"与“make” 是动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填w川be made。46. In the last few years thousands of films(produce) all over the world.(用单词适当形式 填空)【答案】have been produced【解析】【分析】【详解】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的几年里,世界各地制作了成千上万的电影。根据时间 状语In the last few years可知,空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态,因为电影是被制作,所以空处需用现在 完成时态的被动语态:have/has been done,主语是复数thousands of films,所以空处助动词需用have。故 填 have been produced oEvery possible means (try) to save the future of the baseball player so far.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】has been tried【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:到目前为止,我们已经尝试了所有可能的方法,来挽救这位棒球运动员 的未来。根据句中时间状语S。far可知,句子时态要用现在完成时;另句子主语"means和try为动宾关 系,所以try要用被动语态;means为单复数同形的单词,其前有every修饰,所以此处要用单数。综上可 知,此处填 has been tried。47. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting(exhibit) at the culture show now.(所给词的适当形 式填空)【答案】are being exhibited【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:像剪纸之类的天津传统民间艺术正在文化展上展出。结合句子主语 "Traditional folk arts"可知,谓语动词耍用复数,且与谓语动词exhibit为动宾关系,所以耍用被动语态;另 根据句中时间状语"now",可知时态要用现在进行时。综上可知I,空白处填are being exhibited。故填are being exhibited oThe biggest hobby in America, the one which Americans spend most time, energy and money, is gardening.(用适当的词填空)【答案】on【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:美国最大的爱好是园艺,也是美国人花费时间、精力和金钱最多的爱好。 先行词the one指代上文美国最大的爱好在定语从句中作宾语。固定搭配spend+时间/金钱+on sth.表示“花 费时间/金钱在某事上”,所以将介词。n提至关系代词which之间,构成介词+关系代词的结构。故填。n。48. When the factory(build), there will be many new jobs for graduates.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】is built【解析】【分析】【详解】考查一般现在时被动语态。句意:工厂建成后,将为毕业生提供许多新的工作机会。分析句子时 态可知,主句中使用一般将来时,而在时间状语从句When the factory (build)中通常用一般现在时 态表将来,从句中主语the factory为第三人称单数,且所给词与主语之间为被动关系,故填is built。54.1 am looking forward to the day my sister can return to normal and know my feelings for her.(用适当的词填空)【答案】when【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我期待着有一天我妹妹能恢复正常,知道我的她的感情。分析句子可知, 设空处引导定语从句,关系词代替先行词the day在从句中充当时间状语,应用关系副词when。故填when。55. He told me he(treat) badly in that supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.(所给词的适当 形式填空)【答案】was treated【解析】【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意:他告诉我他昨天在超市买东西的时候受到不公正的待遇。结 合句子谓语动词"told可知,时态要用一般过去时;分析句子可知,he和treat为动宾关系,所以treat要 用被动。所以填was treated。故填was treated。第三节语法填空(共10小题,每题1.5分,共15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。A blind boy sat on the steps of a building 56 a hat by his feet. He held up a sign 57 said: "I am blind, please help. There were only a few coins in the hat.A man was walking by. He took a few coins from his pocket and 58 (drop) them into the hat. He then took the sign, turned it around, and wrote some words. He put the sign back so that everyone 59 (walk) by would see the new words.Soon the hat began to fill up. A lot 60 (many) people were giving money to the blind boy. That afternoon the man who had changed the sign came to see how things were. The boy recognized his footsteps and asked J Were you 61 one who changed my sign this morning? What did you write?11The man said, “I only wrote the 62 (true). I said what you said, but in a different way." I wrote: "Today is a beautiful day, 63 I cannot see it.”Both signs told people that the boy was blind. But the first sign simply said the boy was blind. The second sign told people that they were so lucky 64 they were not blind. Should we be 65 (surprise) that the second sign was more effective?【答案】56. withwhich/that57. dropped 59. walking 60. more 61. the 62. truth 63. but 64. that. surprised【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位路人修改了一位盲人男孩的求助牌后,盲人得到了更多人的帮助的 故事。56题详解】考查with的复合结构。句意:一个盲人男孩坐在一栋大楼下,脚边放着一顶帽子。with+名词/代词+介词 短语结构通常在句中作状语。根据句意和空后的“a hat by his feet可知,此处填with,表示男孩脚边放着 一顶帽子的状态。故填with。【57题详解】考查定语从句。句意:他举着一块牌子,上面写着“我是一位盲人,请帮帮我。"分析句子结构可知,空处 引导定语从句;先行词sign指物,在从句中作主语,故填which/that。【58题详解】考查动词时态。句意:他从口袋里拿出了一些硬币并把它们放入了帽子里。and连接两个动词,表示动作 接连发生,动词时态应保持一致,根据上文动词took可知,此处动词应是一般过去时。故填dropped。59题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他把牌子放回去,这样每个路过的人都可以看到这些字。根据下文的谓语动词 "would see”可知此处应填非谓语动词,walk与everyone之间是主动关系,应该填现在分词作后置定语,故 填 walkingo【60题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意:越来越多的人给这个盲人男孩捐钱。对比上文“There were only a few coins in the hat.”和现在的情况“Soon the hat began to fill up. 可知,此处应填形容词比较级,a lot也修饰比较级,故填 more。【66题详解】考查定冠词。句意:你就是那位改写了我牌子上标语的人吗?请问你写了什么? 此处特指改写牌子标语 的人。故填the。62题详解】考查词性转换。句意:我只是写了事实。分析句子成分可知,此处是the+名词作动词wrote的宾语,应将 形容词true转换成名词truth,不可数,故填trutho63题详解】考查连词。句意:今天是美好的一天,但是我却看不见。根据句意可知,上下文是转折关系,应用but 表示前后的转折关系。故填but。【64题详解】考查固定句型。句意:第二个标牌告诉人们他们不是盲人是一件十分的幸运的事。根据句意和空前的形容 词lucky可知,此处应是"主语+be+形容词+that从句句型,that引导的从句表示人们幸运的原因。故填that。【65题详解】考查形容词。句意:我们应该为第二个标牌更有效而惊讶吗?分析句子可知此处是主系表结构,形容词作 表语,修饰人用ed结尾的形容词,表示感到的,故填surprised。【点睛】第四节短文改错(共10小题;每小题I分,满分10分)65 .假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错 误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。(增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A), 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(/)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:每处错误及修改均仅限一词;只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。)Dear Lucy,Sorry to know that you are now having trouble communicate with others, and you often feel lonely. Thafs probable because you are new here and your classmates don't know much about you. But I think you can get on well with them unless you follow the advices below.Firstly, you should be friendly to our classmates. Secondly, it's important to learn to listening to others. Take active part in their discussions, get to know their likes and dislikes and expressing your own positive ideas. Also, don9t leave your classmates when they are in trouble because of a friend in need is a friend indeed.With time going by, your classmates would know you better and like to be friends with you.Yours sincerely,David【答案】1. communicate一communicating; 2. probable>probably; 3.unless>if; 4. advices>advice ; 5.our 一your; 6. listening一listen; 7. active 前力口 an; 8.expessing一express; 9.删除 of; 10.would 一will。【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。David写信给Lucy向她提供一些建议,以解决Lucy在和同学沟通时出现的困难。【详解】1 .考查固定短语。句意:得知你现在无法与他人交流,并且常常感到孤独,我很难过。have trouble (in) doing sth是固定短语,意为“做某事有困难”,使用动名词作宾语。故将communicate改为communicatingo 2.考查副词。句意:这很可能是因为你是新来的,你的同学对你并不了解。使用副词修饰because引导的 原因状语从句,probable (可能的)是形容词,它的副词是probably,故将probable改为probably。3 .考查连词。句意:但我认为,如果你遵循以下建议,你就能与他们相处融洽。根据句意,使用if引导条 件状语从句,unless意为“如果不,除非”,不符合句意,故将unless改为if。4 .考查名词。句意:但我认为,如果你遵循以下建议,你就能与他们相处融洽。advice (建议)是不可数名 词,故将advices改为advice o.考查人称代词。句意:首先,你应该对你的同学友好。此处是David向Lucy提建议,应使用第二人称表 示“你的同学”,故将our改为your。5 .考查非谓语动词。句意:其次,学会倾听他人的想法很重要,learn to do意为“学会去做某事' tod。是learn 的宾语,故将listening改为listeno.考查冠词。句意:积极参与他们的讨论,了解他们的好恶,并积极地表达自己的想法。take an active part in是固定短语,意为“积极参加",active是以元音音素开头的单词,故active前加an。8考查谓语动词。句意:积极参与他们的讨论,了解他们的好恶,并积极地表达自己的想法。该句是祈使Which of the following will result in disqualification?A. Typing your poem out.B. Writing a poem of 120 words.C. Using both sides of the paper.D. Mailing your entry on October 30.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B【解析】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇诗歌大赛的征稿启事。文章就参赛作品的内容、奖项、参赛规则等做了介绍。 【1题详解】细节理解题。根据 Prizes 部分中第一段中的“Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner's choice”可知,每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因 此,每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据 Prizes 部分中第三段“50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earharts final flight”可知,每位优秀奖获奖者都将获得一 件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. Write a poem using 100 words or fewer”可知,所写的诗字数不能超过100字。否则,将会被取消资格。故结合选项,B选项(写一 首120字的诗)是会被取消资格的。故选B。BDid you know that the color of uniforms can influence the performance of an athlete? It may sound strange, but a study suggests this might be true.Two British scientists studied the results of four sports in the 2004 Athens Olympic Games where the athletes had been given either a red or a blue uniform. They discovered that when