辽宁省大连市高新区2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末英语试卷.docx

2022-2023学年辽宁省大连市高新区八年级（上）期末英语试卷一.单项填空（本题共8小题，每小题1分，满分8分）1. （1分）画线字母“ U”发音不同于其他三个的是 O （）A. pupilA. pupilB. populationC. universityD. pollution（1分）下列单词中，重读在第一个音节的单词。（）A. reportB. vocabularyC. stadiumD. tradition（1 分）Taiwan is island in the southeast of China.（）A.aB.anC.theD./（1 分）Lucy lives the from school, so she takes the underground.（）A.farB.fartherC.farthestD.further（1 分）Our teacher often tells us on the road because it's dangerous.（）A. playB. don't playC. to playD. not to play（1 分）If you don't warm up before taking exercise, you hurt yourself.（）A. mayB. canC. mustD. should（1 分）Lao She's Teahouse the changes in Chinese society over fifty years.（）D. preparesA. describesB. improvesC. corrects（1 ，） - - Thanks for telling us some traffic rules.- （ ）B. No, thanks.A. I'm afraid not.C. My pleasure.D. All right.二.完形填空阅读短文，掌握其大意。然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出 最佳选项。2. （8 分）A boy named Jacob was riding in a car along with his faniily.He was drinking a can （罐） of soda （1） his father drove the family home.After Jacob （2）his soda, he rolled down （摇下）the window and threw the can out of the car.After seeing what he did, his mother （3） to him and said, "Jacob!Don't throwyour trash （垃圾）out of the car!""But il was just one can." Jacob replied.20222023学年辽宁省大连市高新区八年级（上）期末英语试卷 （参考答案）一.单项填空（本题共8小题，每小题1分，满分8分）1. （1分）画线字母"iT发音不同于其他三个的是。（）A. pupilB. populationC. universityD. pollution【解答】pupil中划线字母u的发音为加：/： population中划线字母u的发音为小i： /： university中划线字母u的发音为"u： /； pollution中划线字母u的发音为/u：D项中划线部分字母的发音与其他三个划线字母发音不同。故选：Do（1分）下列单词中，重读在第一个音节的单词。（）A. reportB. vocabulary C. stadiumD. tradition【解答】根据音标 report /ri 1 po :t/； vocabulary/vo1 kiebjolori/： stadium/1 stei diom/； tradition/tro1 di J n/可知，重读在第一个音节的单词是stadium。故选：Co（1 分）Taiwan is island in the southeast of China.（）A. aB. anC. theD. /【解答】略（1 分）Lucy lives the from school, so she takes the underground.（）A. farB. fartherC. farthestD. further【解答】far远；farther更远；farthest最远（指距离）；further进步的（指程度）。根据 ”所以她坐地铁。”可知，应该离学校“最远”，这里表示距离，填最高级farthest。故选：Co（1 分）Our teacher often tells us on the road because it's dangerous.（）A. playB. don't playC. to playD. not to play【解答】根据句意：我们老师经常告诉我们不要在马路上玩，因为那很危险。ten sb not to do sth告诉某人不要做某事。故选：D。2. （1 分）If you don't warm up before taking exercise, you hurt yourself.（）A. mayB. canC. mustD. should【解答】may可能；can能；must必须；should应该。根据“如果你在锻炼前不热身，你. 会受伤。”可知，表示不确定的肯定推测用may“可能”。故选：Ao（1 分）Lao She's Teahouse the changes in Chinese society over fifty years.（）A. describesB. improvesC. correctsD. prepares【解答】A 描述；B 提升；C 改正;D 准备；由"the changes in Chinese society over fifty years" （中国社会五十多年的变化）可知，要用描述。故选：Ao（1 分）-Thanks for telling us some traffic rules.- （ ）A. I'm afraid not.B. No, thanks.C. My pleasure.D. All right.【解答】A.我恐怕不能;B.不用了,谢谢你;C.别客气;D.好吧。根据上文Thanks for telling us some traffic rules.（感谢你告诉我一呜交通规则。）可知，空处表示"别客气。" 故选：Co二.完形填空阅读短文，掌握其大意。然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出 最佳选项。3. （8 分）A boy named Jacob was riding in a car along with his family.He was drinking a can （罐） of soda （1） B his father drove the family home.After Jacob （2） C his soda, he rolled down （摇下）the window and threw the can out of the car.After seeing what he did, his mother（3） A to him and said» "Jacob!Don't throw your trash （垃圾）out of the car!""But it was just one can." Jacob replied."That may be so.But what if everybody did （hat? ” she said.But Jacob didn't think much about her question.The next day, one of Jacob's classmates was celebrating her （4） D in class.Hermother had brought a nice cake to class for everyone to （5） B .But then Jacob snuck up to （悄悄靠近）the cake and licked off （舔掉）some of the frosting （糖霜）!However, Jacob'steacher noticed what he had done."Jacob!You shouldn't lick frosting off of a cake that everyone else is going to (6) C_!"his teacher shouted."But it was only one lick."Jacob replied."That may be so.But what if everybody did that? "she said.This time. Jacob really did think about what would(7) B .If everyone licked the cake, it would be ruined (毁坏).If everyone threw trash out of (heir cars, the roads would be (8) D_in garbage.lt was then that Jacob realized how small actions can lead to big consequences (后果).(1)A.afterB.whileC.lhenD.before(2)A.boughtB.triedC.finishedD.changed(3)A.turnedB. movedC.droveD.walked(4)A.gradeB.jobC.festivalD.birthday(5)A.copyB. shareC.makeD.order(6)A.putB.cutC.eatD.show(7)A. hurtB. happenC.celebrateD.stop(8)A.dressedB.chargedC.filled.covered【解答】（1）考查连词。句意：当他的父亲开车回家的时候，他正在喝一罐汽水。A在 之后；B当时候；C然后；D在之前。根据句意，这里应该是当他的父亲开车 【可家的时候，故选：Bo（2）考查动词。句意：在他喝完汽水，他摇下窗户，把汽水罐扔出车外。A买；B试图;C完成；D改变。根据句意，应该是喝完汽水，故选：Co（3）考查动词。句意：在看到他的行为后，他的妈妈转向他说道，不要往车外扔你的垃 圾！ A转向；B移动；C开车；D走路。根据句意，大家都在车里，应该是转向，故选:A。（4）考查名词。句意：第二天，Jacob的同学正在教室庆祝她的生日。A年级；B工作； C节日；D生日。根据后文，她的妈妈为她准备了一个蛋糕，可知是庆祝生日，故选：Do（5）考查动词。句意：她的妈妈买了一个蛋糕给班级的每一个人去分享。A复制；B分享；C制作；D要求。根据句意，买来蛋糕是用来分享的，故选：Bo（6）考查动词。句意：Jacob!你不应该舔蛋糕上的糖霜，其他的每个人都要去吃的。A 放；B切；C吃；D展示。根据句意，其他的每个人都要去吃蛋糕的，故选：Co（7）考查动词。句意：这次，Jacob确实想将会发生什么。A伤害；B发生；C庆祝；D 停止。根据下文，在设想发生的事情，可知这里是Jacob确实想将会发生什么。故选：Bo（8）考查动词。句意：如果每个人都向车外扔垃圾，那么道路将被垃圾覆盖。A穿；B 改变；C充满；D覆盖。根据句意，如果每个人都向车外扔垃圾，那么道路将被垃圾覆 盖。故选：D。三.阅读理解（一）（本题共16小题，每题2分，满分32分）.阅读下列短文，从各题所 给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。4. （8 分）A young man once asked Socrates （苏格拉底）to tell him the secret to success （成 功的秘诀）.Socrates told the young man to meet him at the river the next morning and he would get the answer.In the morning, Socrates and （he young man met at the river.They walked into the waler until it was up to their noses.Then, Socrates dunked the young man into the water.The young man fought but Socrates held him down.Socrates kept him underwater until his face started turning blue.Finally, Socrates brought him up for air.Thc man cried as he breathed （呼吸）.Socrates asked, "What were you fighting for when you were under the water?"The young man answered» "Air!"Socrates said, "There you have the secret to success your desire （欲望）.When you want success, remember how much you wanted air when you were underwater, and you will get it.That's the only secret."（1） What did the young man want to know from Socrates? AA.How to succeed.B.How to hold his breath for a long time.C.How to live a secret life.D.How lo break a record.（2） What does the underlined word "dunked" mean? CA.带领B.扔进C.猛按D.举起（3） Why did the young man's face turn blue? BA.Because he got very angry.B.Because he couldn't breathe.C.Because he was afraid of fish.D.Because he took a deep breath.（4） What is the secret to success according to this story? AA. A strong desire for success.B.Learning more life skills.C.Asking Socrates for secrets.D.Fighting back if in danger.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中 A young man once asked Socrates to tell him the secret to success.（个年轻人曾经请苏格拉底告诉他成功的秘诀。）可知，故选：A。（2）词义猜测题。根据下文 The young man fought but Socrates held him down.（年轻人奋 力反抗，但苏格拉底把他按住了。）可知，上文Then, Socrates dunked the young man into the water.（然后,苏格拉底把年轻人水中。）可知,划线单词"dunked ”意思是“猛按”, 故选：Co（3）推理判断题。根据第三段中 Socrates kept him underwater until his face started turning Nue.（苏格拉底一直把他压在水里，直到他的脸开始变青。）可知，年轻人的脸发青是因 为他不能呼吸。故选：B。（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中 There you have the secret to success - your desire.（这 样你就有了成功的秘密一你的愿望。）可推断出，根据这个故事，成功的秘诀是对成功的 强烈渴望。故选：Ao（8 分）It is very exciting to go a friend's home.You may have a good time with your friend, but do you know how to be polite?When to arrive.The first thing to remember is that when a friend invites（邀请）you, you need to arrive on time.If your friend tells you to come "around 3： 00", that means you can arrive a little later after 3： OO.But usually it is a good idea to arrive at the right lime.What to bring.Often it is also nice to bring something to your friend's house.This could be a box of chocolates for you two to share, or maybe a movie that you can watch together.You can also bring some flowers.A little gift is a nice way to show that you arc excited to be at his house.How to greet.When you visit your friend's house, you may also meet his parents.You should tell them who you are and they may tell you their names.As a child, I went to visit my friend Paul.I called his parents by their first names John and Mary.Bul now I know it is more polite to call them Mr.Or Mrs.Smith.This will show them more respect (尊重)and then they may tcil you to call them by their first names.Another way to show respect is to call them Madam or Sir.It is a good thing to visit a fiend's house.Be polite to your friend and your friend's parents, and they may invite you again!(1 )If your friend tells you to come to his home around 6： 00 pm, it is polite to arrive at _A pm.A.6： 02B.5： 50C.5： 30D.6： 30(2) When you are invited by your friend, you'd better bring some C .A. moneyB.chicken and applesC.chocolates or flowersD.wine and meat(3) Which of the following sentences is TRUE? DA.When meeting your friend's parents, you should ask what their names are.B.Your friends parents don't have to (ell you their names.C.You can call your friend's parents by their first names when they are not angry.D.Calling your friend's parents Madam or Sir is the best way to show your respect.(4) Which is the best title （题目）of （he passage? DA.When to Arrive at Your Friend's House.B.How to Greet People.C.What to Bring to Your Friend.D.How to be a Good Visitor.解答（I ）细节理解题。根据 If your friend tells you to come "around 3： 00", that means you can arrive a little later after 3： 00.（如果你的朋友告诉你”大约3点左右"，这意味着你 可以在3点以后再到。）可知如果你的朋友告诉你下午6点左右去他家，你最好在6点02 分到达。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据 Often it is also nice to bring something to your friend's house.This could be a box of chocolates for you two to share, or maybe a movie that you can watch together.You can also bring some flowers.（通常，带一些东西到朋友家也是很好的。这可 以是一盒巧克力供你们分享，也可以是一部你们可以一起看的电影。你还可以带一些花。） 可知当你的朋友邀请你时，你最好带些巧克力或鲜花。故选C。（3）细节判断题。根据 But now I know it is more polite to call them Mr.Or Mrs.Smith.This will show them more respect （尊重）and then they may tell you to call them by their first names.Another way to show respect is to call them Madam or Sir.（但是现在我知道称呼他们 史密斯先生或史密斯夫人更有礼貌，这将表现出对他们更多的尊重，然后他们可能会告 诉你叫他们的名字。另一种表示尊重的方式是称呼他们女士或先生。）可知称呼朋友的父 母为“女士“或“先生”是表示尊重的最好方式。故选D。（4）文章标题题。根据 4 is very exciting to go a friend's home.You may have a good time with your friend, but do you know how to be polite?（去朋友家是非常令人兴奋的。你可 能和朋友玩得很开心，但你知道如何礼貌吗？）可知文章说的是如何做一个好访客。故 选D。12. （8 分）An ageing population is a world - wide problem.Many countries arc looking for ways to give the old better care.Some developed countries don't have enough care workers fbr the old.To solve the problem, Caring Robots have been made in Japan and are playing parts in looking after the okl.With development in science» it's possible for both the young and the old to enjoy life.Culture also works in its way to care for the old.In China, people share the idea that the old are keepers of wisdom (智慧)and young people should look up to them and take care of them.It is helpful for (he old to live together with the young with such idea.Many old people hope to live independently (独立地)and freely.In Sweden. most of the old live in their own houses and enjoy living by themselves.Old people worked hard and did a lot for the country when they were young.Naturally, they can live the way as they like and get better homecare services to keep healthy.To improve independent living, Singapore is building more friendly communities (社区) for the old.People doing different jobs like policemen, shopkeepers and students are trained to help the old.They help with the housework such as cooking and cleaning.In this way, old people can stay at home, not in a nursing center.A society that allows the old to live well is what we are looking for.In our search for the best solution for a fast - increasing ageing population, let us keep in mind that wc have to work together as there is no one - size - fits - all solution.(1) "Caring Robots" in Paragraph 2 are used as an example to show B helps with the ageing problem.A.public serviceB.modern scienceC.honiecare research.housing development(2) How does Chinese culture work in caring for old people according to Paragraph 3? C A.It teaches the young to live like the old.B.It warns the old not to live with the young.C.It lets the young believe they can learn from the old.D.It makes the old think they arc clever and hardworking.(3) According to the passage, in friendly communities people get trained to C .A.offer first aid lo the oldB.search for better living waysC.help the old live at homeD.keep the old healthy in nursing centers(4) What can be the best title for the passage? AA.Caring for the OldB.Enjoying Living TogetherC.Welcome Growing Old.Learning to Be Independent解答（I）推理判断题。根据 Some developed countries don't have enough care workers for （he old.lb solve the problem, Caring Robots have been made in Japan and are playing parts in looking after the old.With development in science, it's possible for both the young and the old 1。enjoy life.（一些发达国家没有足够的老年人护理人员。为了解决这个问题，日本制造 了关爱机器人，并在照顾老人方面发挥着作用。随着科学的发展，年轻人和老年人都有 可能享受生活。）可知，是为了表明现代科学有助于解决老龄化问题。故选B。（2）推理判断题。根据 In China, people share the idea that the old arc keepers of wisdom （智慧）and young people should look up to them and take care of them.It is helpful for the old to live together with the young with such idea.（在中国，人们都认为老年人是智慧的守护者， 年轻人应该尊敬他们，照顾他们。有这样想法的老人和年轻人住在一起是有帮助的。）可 知，中国文化让年轻人相信他们可以向老年人学习。故选C。（3）细节理解题。To improve independent living, Singapore is building more friendly communities （社区）for the old.People doing different jobs like policemen, shopkeepers and students are trained to help the old.（为了改善老年人的独汇生活，新加坡正在为老年人建 造更友好的社区。从事不同工作的人，如警察、店主和学生，都接受过帮助老人的培训。） 可知，在友好的社区里，人们接受了帮助老年人在家生活的培训。故选C。（4）标题归纳题。根据 An ageing population is a world - wide problem.Many countries are looking for ways to give the old better care.（人口老龄化是一个世界性的问题。许多国家都 在想方设法为老年人提供更好的照顾。）以及通读全文可知，现在世界上人口老龄化日益 严重，许多国家正在寻找更好地照顾老年人的方法。所以本文的最佳标题是"照顾老人二 故选Ao四.阅读短文，根据短文内容，从所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短 文意思完整、连贯。13. （8 分）Most people want to be happy» but few know how to find happiness.Money and success alone do not bring lasting happiness.Aristotle, a Greek thinker, said, "Happiness depends upon(取决于)ourselves." (1) D Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier.(2) A Too often* we spend too much time thinking about the future - for example, getting into college or getting a good job - that we fail to enjoy the present.You should enjoy life's simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends.People who have several close friends often live happier and healthier lives.(3) C Many people go dancing or play sports.People can forget about their problems and only think about the activities.(4) B Studies show that people feel good when they spend their time helping others.If you want to feel happier, do good things for som