汽车结构有限元分析第四讲有限元程序应用介绍.ppt
第四讲 有限元程序应用介绍-ANSYS程序介绍与上机操作 合肥工业大学机械与汽车学院 2010年2月1.有限元软件前处理 前处理建模菜单：PreprocessorElement Type Add/Edit/Delete Structural(Mass,Link,Beam,Pipe,Solid,Shell)Constraint(MPC)Contact Combination(Spring-damper,Combination,Revolute)SuperelementReal Constants Material Properties Material Library Material Models:Structural:Linear:Elastic Nonlinear:Elastic,Inelastic,Rate Independent,Rate Dependent Density Damping Friction CoefficientSections Section Library,Beam,Shell,Joints前处理建模菜单：Preprocessor-ModelingCreate:Create:Keypoints Lines(Lines,Arcs,Splines,Line Fillet)Areas(Arbitrary,Rectangle,Circle,Polygon,Area Fillet)Volumes(Arbitrary,Block,Cylinder,Prism,Sphere,Cone)Nodes(Write/Read Node File)Elements(Write/Read Node File,Superelements)Operate:Operate:Extrude(Keypoints,Lines,Areas)Booleans(Intersect,Add,Subtract,Divide,Glue,Overlap)Scale(Keypoints,Lines,Areas,Volumes,Nodes)Calc Geom Items(Keypoints,Lines,Areas,Volumes)Move/Modify:Move/Modify:Keypoints,Lines,Areas,Volumes,Nodes,Elements Rotate Node CS Transfer Coordinate Reverse NormalsCopyCopy：Keypoints,Lines(Mesh),Areas(Mesh),Volumes,Nodes,ElementsReflectReflect：Keypoints,Lines,Areas,Volumes,Nodes,ElementsCheck Geom:Check Geom:Select Small Lines,Show Degeneracy,KP distance,ND distanceDelete:Delete:Keypoints,Lines,Areas,Volumes,Nodes,Elements前处理建模菜单：Preprocessor-MeshingMesh Attributes:Mesh Attributes:Element type numberMaterial numberReal constant set numberElement coordinate systemMesh Tool:Mesh Tool:Element Attributes Set Smart Size(Fine,Coarse)Size Controls(Keypoints,Lines,Areas,Global)Mesh(Keypoints,Lines,Areas,Volumes)Shape(Tet,Hex,Tri,Quad,Free,Mapped,Sweep)Size Controls:Size Controls:Smart Size,Manual Size,Concentrate KeypointsModify Mesh:Modify Mesh:Refine,ImproveCheck Mesh:Check Mesh:Individual Element(Plot Bad Element),ConnectivityClear:Clear:Keypoints,Lines,Areas,Volumes前处理建模菜单：Preprocessor-Checking ControlsModel Checking:Model Checking:Model/FEA Checking Shape Checking:Shape Checking:Level of shape checking Toggle Checks:Toggle Checks:Aspect Ration Tests Shear/Twist Angle Deviation Tests Parallel Side Tests Maximum Angle Tests Jacobian Ration Tests Warp Tests Numbering ControlsNumbering Controls Merge Items Merge Items：Nodes,Elements,Keypoints Compress Numbers:Compress Numbers:Nodes,Elements,Keypoints,Lines,Areas,VolumesCoupling/Constraint Equation Couple DOFs,Coincident Nodes,Constraint Equation,Rigid RegionLoads Analysis Type:Analysis Type:Static,Modal,Harmonic,Transient,Spectrum,Eigen Buckling,Substructure Define Loads:Define Loads:结构单元类型：主要有杆单元、梁单元、管单元、平面单元、三维实体单元、壳单元、接触单元、特殊单元（质量单元、弹簧单元、表面单元、多点约束）、显式动力学单元等。在实际使用时要注意查阅单元手册，了解单元属性，正确选用单元。结构分析类型，主要有七个方面：静态分析;模态分析;谐响应分析;瞬态动力学分析;谱分析;屈曲分析;子结构分析;其它还有断裂力学问题、复合材料问题、疲劳分析、显式动力学分析等也属结构分析范围。按照有限元软件前处理功能，建模工作可概括为下述几个方面：建立几何模型 建立有限元模型与网格划分 施加载荷及边界条件 2.有限元软件计算-SolutionAnalysis Type:Analysis Type:StaticModalHarmonicTransientSpectrumEigen Buckling,SubstructureSolution ControlsSolution Controls BasicAnalysis Options:Small Displacement Static Large Displacement Static Small Displacement Transient Large Displacement TransientTime Control(Number of Substeps,Time increment)Transient Transient Full Transient Options Damping Coefficients Middle Step Criterion-SolutionSolution OptionsSolution Options Equation Solvers:Program chosen solver Sparse direct Pre-Condition CG Iterative Frontal direct Nonliner Nonliner Nonlinear Option:Line search DOF solution predictor Equilibrium Iterations Creep Option-SolutionDefine Loads:Define Loads:Settings SettingsApplyApply Displacement Force/Moment Temperature Gravity Initial ConditionDeleteDelete(Loads)Load Step Options:Load Step Options:Output Controls Output Controls Solution Print out,Grophical Solution Tracking,PGR file,Intergration Points Other Other:Birth&Death,User Routines Read/Read/Write Load Case FileLoad Case File Initial Stress Solve Solve Current Load Case Current Load Case From Load Case Files From Load Case Files3.有限元软件后处理-General PostprocessorGeneral PostprocessorData&File OptionsData&File Options Results Summary Results Summary Read Results:Read Results:First set,Next set,By Load Step,By Time/Freq,By Set Number Plot Plot Results:Results:Deformed Shape,Contour Plot,Vector Plot,Plot Path Item List Results:List Results:Nodal Solution,Element Solution,Iteration Summary Query Results:Query Results:Element Solution,Subgrid Solution Nodal Calculations:Nodal Calculations:Total Force Sum,Summation Element Table:Element Table:Define Table,Plot Element Table Path Operations:Path Operations:Define Path,Plot Path Item Load Case Load Case Check Element Shape Check Element Shape Fatigue:Fatigue:Property Table,Stress Locations,Assign Event,Calculate Fatigue Define/Modify:Define/Modify:Nodal Results,Element Results,Element Table Data-结合上机学习，系统介绍ANSYS软件界面与操作。-通过示例与实例，说明ANSYS建模、运算与结果处理全过程。学以致用 学无止境
