2005年考研英语大纲.docx

组织: 扫描: 合成: 排版:录入：1一尉迟烁2-hyj_wy 3-dennis2004 4-kaoyanstove 5-wzdf 5-wlcome6-jssy22 7-kuihuali 8-jiangzi0019-25 ： baozi（小册子, （小册子, （小册子,（各网站转载时,保留此致谢部分）经过沪江论坛（http: ）考研版的众多研友的 热心参与和无私奉献的精神，终于使得2005英语大纲（完整版, 加入小册子,去掉作废部分）得以和研友见面。对于以下参与的研友，俺代表众多考研的XDJM们对他们 表示感谢。Ijxrtvu （沪江研英版主）wwwkiki、ccici、baozi （最后采用的是baozi扫描的） sunnyya （沪江研英NCE4、Listen to this !专栏主持人） hyj_wy前面说明以及13页）4-7 页）8-11 页）（小册子,12-15页）（小册子,16-19页）（小册子,16-19页）（小册子,20-23页）（小册子,24-27页）（小册子,28-31页）（大纲部分,附录2的词汇部分,全由baozi大侠一人完成）26Jxrtvu（大纲部分，146149 页）27jinjing049（大纲部分，150-153 页）28-cyk（大纲部分,154-157 页）29-gjwl 98276（大纲部分,158-16I 页）30-huquan711（大纲部分,162165 页）31-jane 是我（大纲部分,166169 页）32-loboxo（大纲部分，170173 页）33-leaer（大纲部分,174177 页）34-peter666（大纲部分,178-181 页）35-area001（大纲部分,182-185 页）36-strustrop（大纲部分,186-189 页）37-sunnyya（大纲部分,190-193 页）38饭饭（大纲部分,194-197 页）39小甫（大纲部分,198-201 页）39-rerli 补充:kk4321 特别感谢:（大纲部分,200-201 页）ccici一人深夜还在扫描上传,多次校正。baozi也是非常负责,对扫了多次,找了最好的版本,并重新编号。为了保证录入的准确性,还个人独立承担了 词汇部分的录入。当然,此大侠是高手，OCR识别率高达 99%,保证了完整版快速准确地献给研友。ps:hyj_wy和sunnyya针对各种不同的格式进行了合成和排版,很是费心费!2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲（非英语专业）说 明敬请考生注意:根据教育部教学厅2004 14号文件精神,从2005年起,在 全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语科中不再进行听力考察,试卷 的结构，题型，分值,答题卡等以本说明为主。词汇表及附录等仍以2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考 试英语考试大纲（非英语专业）为准。听考察调整到各招生単位的复试中进行。教育部考试中心2004年7月26日高等教育出版社特别提醒2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲（非 英语专业）说明为2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英 语考试大纲（非英语专业）的重要补充。2005年全国硕士研 究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲（非英语专业）说明替代2005 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲（非英语专业） 中的“修订说明”和第1页至第50页的内容。2005年全国硕 士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲（非英语专业）中的“修 订说明”和第1页至第50页内容作废,其他内容仍然有效。2004年7月27日修订说明根据教育部教育厅2004 14号文件的精神,从2005年起,全国硕士 生入学统一考试英语考试的听测试调整到复试中进行。（2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲做了如下修订:1 .对试卷结构以及样题个答案进行了调整。试卷结构如:第一部分英语知识运用,20小题，共10分.第二部分 阅读理解A节 四篇阅读文章,20小题,共40分。B节 一篇阅读文章,5小题，共10分。C节 英译汉，5小题，共10分。第三部分 写作A节 应用短文写作,1小题,满分10分。B节 短文写作,一小题,满分20分。2 .修改了主观题的评分标准。3 .重新设计了答题卡1和答题卡2,要求考生将英语知识运用和阅读 理解A节，B节的答案涂在答题K 1 ±,将阅读理解C节的答案和 作文些在答题卜2上。修改了 “考试说明”和“试卷示例”中关于 答题k的描述4 .重新修订了 “附录2”,将词汇表中的总词汇量增加到5500词,并 删去词汇衣中的中文释义。5 .扩充了 “附录3”的内容,扩充了常用前缀,后缀的条口，增加了 部分国家（或地区），语言，国民及国籍表,及常见缩写词等。6 .将“附录4”更换为2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题, 听衆音文字稿及参考答案。考试说明1附录1全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试卷示例、答题卡1、答题卡2、评分标准及参考答案6附录2词汇表51附录3常用的前缀和后缀,部分国家（或地区）、语言、国民及国籍表,洲名及常见缩写词146、常用的前缀和后缀146二、部分国家（或地区）、语言、国名及国籍表162三、洲名164四、常见缩写词164附录4 2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题,听录音文字稿及参考答案169考试说明全国硕士研究生入学统一考试是为高等学校和科研机构招 收硕士研究生而设置的。其中,英语实行全国统一考试。它的 评价标准是高等学校非英语专业优秀本科毕业生能达到的及格 或及格以上水平,以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平,有利 于各高等学校和科研机构在专业上择优选拔考试对象为2005年参加全国硕士研究生入学统一考试的本 科应届毕业生，以及符合报考条件的具有同等学历的在职人员。本考试对课程和教材不作统规定,凡符合下列评价目标 的课程及教材都适合考生应考复习。一、评价目标考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能:（一）语言知识1 .语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求,其目的是鼓 励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习,以 求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。2 .词汇3 生应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关词组（详见附录）。英语语言的演化是个世界范围内的动态发展过程,它受 到当今科技发展和社会进步的影响。这意味着需要对本大纲词 汇表不断进行研究和定期的修订。此外,硕士研究入学英语考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。 考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握涉及个人好恶、生活习 惯、宗教信仰,以及本人工作或专业等方面的特殊词汇。（二）语言技能1.阅读 *考生应能读懂不同类型的文字材料（生词量不超过所读材 料总词汇量的3%）»包括信函、书报和杂志上的文章,还应能 读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献、技术说明和产品介绍等。 根据所读材料,考生应能:1）理解主旨要义:2）理解文中的具体信息;3）理解文中的概念性含义:4）进行有关的判断、推理和引申；5）根据上下文推测生词的词义;6）理解文章的总体结构以及单句之间、段落之间的关系；7）理解作者的意图、观点或态度;8）区分论点和论据。2.写作考生应能写不同类型的应用文,包括私人和公务信函、备 忘录、摘要、报告等,还应能写一般描述性、叙述性和说明或 议论性的文章。短文写作时,考生应能:1）做到语法、拼写、标点正确,用词恰当；2）遵循文章的特定文体格式;3）合理组织文章结构，使其内容统、连贯；4）根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当选用语域。考生应能掌握的语言技能包括听,说,读,写四种能力.但是由于 听能力和口语能力的考察在复试中进行，因此这里只列出读,写两种技 能.*硕士研究生入学英语考试将英译汉试题作为阅读理解的一部分， 其目的是测试考生根据上下文准确理解英语句子并用汉语正确予以表达的 能力.二、考试形式、考试内容与试卷结构（一）考试形式考试形式为笔试。考试时间为180分钟。满分为100分。试卷分试题册和答题卡（1、2）两部分。考生应将145题 的答案按要求填涂在答题卡1上,将46-52题的答案写在答题 卡2上。（二）考试内容与试卷结构试题分三部分,共52题,包括英语知识运用、阅读理解和 写作。第一部分英语知识运用该部分不仅考査考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素（包括 词汇、表达方式和结构）的掌握程度,而且还考査考生对语段 特征（如连贯性和一致性等）的辨识能力等。共20小题，每小 题0.5分，共10分。在一篇240280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每 题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案,使补全后的文章意思通顺、 前后连贯、结构完整。考生在答题卡1上作答。第二部分阅读理解该部分由A、B、C三节组成,考査考生理解书面英语的能 。共30小题,每小题2分,共60分。A节（2。题）:主要考査考生理解具体信息、掌握文章大意、 猜测生词词义并进行推断等能力。要求考生根据所提供的四篇 （总长度约为1600词）文章的内容,从每题所给出的4个选项 中选出最佳答案。考生在答题卡1上作答。B节（5题）:主要考査考生对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段 特征以及文章结构的理解。本部分的内容是一篇总长度为 50600词的文章，其中有5段空白,文章后有67段文字,要 求考生根据文章内容从这67段文字中选择能分别放进文章中5 个空白处的5段。考生在答题卡1上作答。C节（5题）:主要考察考生准确理解内容或结构较复杂的 英语材料的能力。要求考生阅读篇约400词的文章,并将其 中5个划线部分（约150词）译成汉语,要求疑问准确、完整、 通顺。考生在答题卡2上作答。第三部分写作该部分由A、B两节组成,考査考生的书面表达能力。总分 30分A节:考生根据所给情景写出篇约100词（标点符号不 计算在内）的应用性短文，包括信件、便笺、备忘录等。考生 在答题卡2上作答。满分10分。B节:要求考生根据提示信息写出篇16200词的短文 （标点符号不计算在内）。提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、 规定情景、图、表等。考生在答题卡2上作答。满分20分。2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试卷结构表部分节为考生提供的信息指导语语言测试要点题型题目数量计分答题卡种类英语知识运用（10分）1篇文章（24280 词）英语词汇、语法和结构完形壊空多项选择题（四选2010答题卡1（机器阅卷）阅读理解 （60 分）A4篇文章（共约1.600词）英语理解具体信息掌握 文章大意,猜测生词 词义并进行推断等多项选择题 （四选）2040B!篇文章（共约50600词）英语理解文章结构选择搭配题S10C!篇文章（约400词）5处划线部分（约150词）英语理解的准确性英译汉510答題卡2 （人工阅卷、机器登分）m写作 （30 分）A规定情景英语书面表达应用文（约100词）110B主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等英语书面表达短文写作（16200 询）120总计50+2100附录1全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试卷示例、答题卡1、答题卡2、评分标准及参考答案1,全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 英语试卷示例全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试卷National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates(NETEM)考生注意事项1 .考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则。2 .答题前,考生应按准考证上的有关内容填写答题卡上的“考牛.姓名”、 “报考单位”、“考生编号”等信息。3 .答案必须按要求涂写成在指定的答题卜上。(1)英语知识运用、阅读理解A节、B节的答案填涂在答题卡1上。 填涂部分应该按照答题卡上的要求用2B铅笔完成。如要改动,必须 用橡皮擦干净。(2)阅读理解C节的答案和作文必须用(蓝)黑色字迹钢笔、圆珠 笔或签字笔在答题2上作答。字迹要清是。4 .考试结束后,将答题卡1、答题卡2 并装入原试卷袋中,试卷交给 监考人员。Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points'The government isTO ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases J_ the trial of Rosemary West.In a significant 2 of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a 3 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 4 and will strictly control the amount of 5 that can be given to a case 6 a trial begins.In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons Media Select Committee, Lord Irvine said he 7with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not 8 sufficient control.9 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 10 of media protest when he said the 11 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 12 to Parliament.The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which 13 the European Convention on Human Rights legally 14 in Britain, laid down that everybody was L5 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.“Press freedoms will be in safe hands 16 our British judges,“ he said.Witness payments became an 17 after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were 18 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised 19 witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to 50 guilty verdicts.1. A| as to|B| for instanceC in particularD such as2. A tighteningB intensifyingC focusing|D| fastening3. (A sketchBroughC preliminaryD draft4. A illogicalB illegalC improbable|D| improper5. A publicityB penaltyC popularityD peculiarity6. A sinceIB ifC beforeD as7. A sidedB sharedC compliedD agreed8. A| present|B| offerC manifestD indicate9. A ReleaseB PublicationCl PrintingD Exposure10. A stormIB rageC flareD flash11. A translationB interpretationC| exhibition12. A better thanC rather than13. A changes C sets14. A binding C restraining15. A authorized C entitled16. A withC from17. A impactC inference18. A statedC said19. A whatC which20. A assureC ensure|D| demonstration B other than D sooner than B makes D turnsB convincing D sustaining IB credited D qualified IB to |D|by B incident |D| issue B remarked D told B when D that |B| confide D guaranteeSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 1It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and a final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory (NT) became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group's on-line service, Death NET. Says Hofcess: "We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn't just something that happened in Australia. It's world history."The full import may take a while to sink in .The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australiawhere an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their partother states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the U. S. and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request deathprobably by a deadly injection or pillto put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off' period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. Tm not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I'd go, because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks. he says.21. From the second paragraph we learn thatA the objection to euthanasia is diminishing in some countries.B physicians and citizens have the same view on euthanasia.C technological changes are chiefly responsible for the new law.D it takes time to appreciate the significance of laws passed.22. By saying that "observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling, (line 11 -12, Paragraph 2), the author means thatA observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasia.|B| there is a possibility of similar bills being passed in the US and Canada.C observers are waiting to see the movement end up in failure.|D| the process of the bill taking effect may finally come to a stop.23. When Lloyd Nickson is close to death, he willI A| undergo a “cooling off' period of seven days.B experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient.C have an intense fear of terrible suffering.D face his death with the calm characteristic of euthanasia.24. What is the author's attitude towards euthanasia?A Hostile.B Suspicious.C Approving.D Indifferent.25. We can infer from the text that the success of the right-to-die movement isA only a matter of time.|B| far from certain.C just an illusion.|D| a fading hope.Text 2Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as "steering the economy to a soft landing" or "a touch on the brakes", makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth. The link between interest rates and inflation is uncertain. And there are long, variable lags before policy changes have any effect on the economy. Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked rear-view mirror and a faulty steering wheel.Given all these disadvantages, central bankers seem to havehad much to boast about of late. Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year, close to its lowestThis is a countries1994 thelevel in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2.5% this July, long way below the double-digit rates which many experienced in the 1970s and early 1980s.It is also less most forecasters had predicted. In late panel of economists which The Economist polls each month said that America's inflation rate would average 3.5% in 1995. In fact, it fell to 2.6% in August, and is expected to average only about 3% for the year as a whole. In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America's, have little productive slack. America's capacity utilization, for example, hit historically high levels earlier this year, and its jobless rate (5.6% in August) has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment一the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past.Why has inflation proved so mild? The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have up-ended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.26. According to the text, making monetary policy changes A is comparable to driving a car.|B| is similar to carrying out scientific work.C will not influence the economy immediately.D will have an immediate impact on the inflation rate.27. From the text we learn thatI A there is a clear relationship between inflation and interest rates.B the economy always follows particular trends.C the current economic problems are entirely predictable.|D| the present economic situation is better than expected.28. The text suggests thatA the previous economic models are still applicable.|B| an extremely low jobless rate will lead to inflation.C a high unemployment rate will result from inflation.D interest rates have an immed