北京市石景山区2022年中考一模英语试题（含答案与解析）.docx

2022年北京市石景山区中考一模试题英语试卷考 生 须 知1 .本试卷为闭卷考试，共10页，满分60分，考试时间为90分钟。2 .请在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、姓名和准考证号。3 .试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4 .在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作 答。5 .考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Nancy, thanks for inviting to dinner. I really enjoyed it.A. meB. youC. herD. him2. Lily often helps her mum do some gardening Sundays.A atB. toC. onD. in3.1 missed the last bus,I had to go home on foot.A. orB. becauseC. butD. so4. ；did you pay for the magic show?一 About $10.A. How manyB. How muchC. How oftenD. How soon5. -；you work out the math problem by yourself?Of course, I can.A. CanB. NeedC. MustD. Should6. Danny is not here. Hethe teacher in the lab now.A. helpsB. helpedC. is helpingD. will help7. Judyher first prize in chess when she was only six.A. is winningB. wonC. has wonD. will win8. After doing sports for months, Mike has become muchthan before.A. strongB. strongerC. strongestD. the strongest9. Ricka lot about Chinese culture since he came to China.A. has learnedB. will learnC. learnsD. learned10 My little brother a model plane when I came back from school.A. makesB. madeC. will makeD. was making11. If Fm free tomorrow, I you up at the train station.A. pickB. pickedC. will pickD. have picked12.1 was making a poster. I didn't notice.A. when the teacher came inB. when did the teacher come inC. when will the teacher come inD. when the teacher will come in二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择 最佳选项。“Keep your eyes on your own paperrs one of the rules that Mrs. Archer has taught us. Ifs a 13 rule, but it's not a rule everybody chooses to follow.This morning, I experienced one of the “rule breakers“ during an English exam. I felt somebody was14 me a little too closely. I turned my head quickly and saw James, who sat right behind me. My eyes caught his and he whispered （低语）,“I hope you studied fbr this test!”I gave him a smile and was not sure if he was joking or not. I 15 to my test. This time I leaned （斜 靠）a little more closely toward my paper. can't see!” James whispered.“What am I going to do?" I thought to myself. Cheating went against my beliefs. Besides, Td studied hard for the test. 16 James hadn't. I put my arms around my answers.“He's your friend, and what are friends fbr?” "You know it's wrong.”I hoped for an easy way out of this matter. No easy answer 17.1 just knew I had to do what I felt wasright, even if it made James mad. So I guarded my paper so that he couldn't see my 18.When the exam ended, I felt it necessary to let James know that cheating was wrong. And I didn't want to destroy the friendship. I stood by the door in silence, waiting for him. When he passed by, my mind was still19 fbr the right words.“Sorry, James, but you know me well enough to know how I feel about cheating,I said slowly and gently. “But maybe I could help you study before the next test.” "OK, Brian,he smiled, “it might not be 20. butril give it a try.”I stood there for a moment and was finally able to breathe again. I felt relieved （宽慰的）that my friendship with James hadn't been destroyed.13. A. strangeB. simpleC. differentD. funny14. A. watchingB. readingC. checkingD. catching15. A. pointedB. movedC. returnedD. appeared16. A. ClearlyB. DirectlyC. LuckilyD. Especially17. A. matteredB.spreadC. repliedD. came18. A. namesB. answersC. exercisesD. scores19. A. payingB. caringC. sendingD. searching20. A. safeB. openC. easyD. exact阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读理解（共26分，每小题2分）阅读下面的四篇短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选 择最佳选项。AMemory CornerFour students have written these tips for the school newspaper about memory improving.密HenryA great way to help you remember something is to imagine a picture of it in your mind. For example, to remember the word “smiles"，we can imagine there is a "mile" between the first letter and the last letter. This makes it the longest word in the world.SiSarahA good method for remembering the spelling of a word is to make a short sentence with each letter of the word. For example, if you want to remember how to spell the word “because”, you can use the sentence “Big elephants can always understand small elephants.''1PaulYou will forget something very quickly unless you understand it well. For example, you may have trouble remembering the list of steps in the water cycle. However, it is easier to remember these steps if you understand how the water cycle works.激KateIt is important to exercise your brain. For example, you can do new things and change your daily habits. If you walk a different way to school or take a different bus, you will keep your brain active. You can also try a word puzzle （字谜） or learn new skills.21. The four students have written these tips for.A a picture bookB. the class reportC. a story magazineD. the school newspaper22. Who suggests remembering something by imagining a picture of it?A. Paul.B. Henry.C. Sarah.D. Kate.23 What is Kate's idea to improve memory?A. Exercising your brain.C. Making short sentences.B. Drawing pictures often.D. Understanding things well.BSwimming for clean waterMartin Strel knows one thing or two about rivers. The 62-year-old swimmer has been swimming in them since he was a young boy. Although he holds five world records in marathon swimming, he is best known for using his sport to warn people of water pollution. After years of swimming in dirty water, he decided he had to do something. Strel says he began to swim to develop peace, friendship and clean water. He hopes to see environmental laws strengthened and put into practice.To achieve his goals, he has swum in many of the world's most famous rivers. In 2000, he swam in Europe's second longest river, the Danube. He swam 1, 866 miles in 58 days and set a world record for long distance swimming. The Danube is heavily polluted by industrial waste.In 2002, Strel swam in the Mississippi River and covered a distance of 2, 360 miles in 68 days. The Mississippi is one of the most polluted rivers in the United States. Its mouth leads into the Gulf of Mexico and is so polluted that it is called the dead zone （土也带）.Strel became so sick by the end of his Mississippi swim that he had to stay in hospital for three days.In 2007, he swam 3, 274 miles of the Amazon River in 66 days. Most of the pollution in the Amazon comes from poisonous （有毒的）materials. He lost 42 pounds and was so weak that he couldn't feed himself.Strel plans to keep on swimming for peace, friendship and clean water, but he would prefer to do it in the ocean. Sadly, the world's rivers are simply too dirty. "Everyone would like to go swimming in clean water,says Strel. He dreams of a day when that will be possible for people around the world.24. How many world records in marathon swimming does Strel hold?A. One.B. Three.C. Five.D. Six.25. What did Strel do in 2002?A. He spent 68 days swimming in the Mississippi River.B. He set a world record for long distance swimming.C. He swam 3, 274 miles of the Amazon River.D. He swam across The Danube in 66 days.26. Why does Strel plan to keep on swimming?B. For peace, friendship and clean water.D. To learn more about oceans in the world.A. For more world records in swimming.C. To help more people enjoy swimming.mirrorWhat do you see when you look in the mirror? Do you often see at least one part of your body image that you don't like? Do you always feel unsatisfied with your body shape and take some steps to change it? If so, you may have body image issues （形体问题）.Teen body image issues can result from different factors. The perfect body types are always in movies, magazines and on social media （媒体）.The media uses some ways to change the appearance of models and actors so that they look perfect. As teenagers see these images, they may begin to feel as if any other body type is not good enough. Another reason fbr a teenager's body image issue is that they are often laughed at by people around. They may say unkind words about a teenager's shape or weight. This may lead to an overcare about their body imperfection. Home environment may also play a role in teen's body image issues. Teens with a home environment that is less positive （积极的）may be more likely to develop issues with body image.So is there anything to do if you are troubled by image issues? First, try to become a clever viewer of the media. Just let those messages that make you feel bad about yourself go. Simply don't follow the reports that may lead to body image issues. Then, focus on self-care. Try to join a summer book club or check out a local field trip that explores the great outdoors. Whether you are interested in reading, or are preparing for an outdoor activity ahead-the more time that is made to care for your own body, the better. Expressing thanks to your body can be also helpful. Whenever you feel negative about your body, it a good idea to focus on all that your body can do. Take time to say thanks to your body for everything it can successfully do each day, instead of how it looks. Ifs much easier to help you view the body in a positive way. And it's also a simple and quick way to enjoy all the good things in life.27. Why does the writer ask questions in Paragraph 1?A. To make a survey.B. To lead in the topic.C. To show some examples.D. lb give background information.28. What might be the reason for the teens' body image issues?A. Parents push teens to learn from their friends.B. Teens spend too much time looking in the mirror.C. People around may laugh at teens, body imperfection.D. The media misleads teens to overcare their body health.29. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?A. Influence of negative body image.B. Activities about self-development.C. Advice on keeping your body healthy.D. Ways to build up body image positively.DForest bathing began in Japan in the 1980s. It is a practice called shinrin-yoku, which can be translated as “taking in the medicine or air of the fbresf,. It has recently grown more popular worldwide. When people take time in the natural green world to “be” in a fully present way, research shows many mind-body benefits.One of the benefits of taking a walk in nature is getting away from screens. When we enjoy nature, we keep ourselves away from computers or mobile phones. We take a break and allow ourselves time to get strength and energy back. During forest bathing, we are heightening （增强）our senses, stopping making quick judgment, and focusing on the "now."In fact, forest bathing is also becoming an increasingly popular method of dealing with stress. Forest bathing has been proven to help those experiencing stressful situations. In one recent study, people who formed the habits of walking through forests had lowered blood pressure （血压）and got out of worries.Meanwhile breathing in forest air increases the level of natural killer （NK） cells （细胞）in our blood. Our body uses these NK cells to fight illness. One Japanese study showed a rise in the number and activity of these NK cells by people who forest bathe. Plants and trees in forests can also send out something called phytoncides. This tree oil can not only protects plants and trees themselves, but also help people sleep well, lift mood and attention, and boost creativity.Forest bathing requires a promise to a repeated practice; it's not a one-and-done quick fix. Research in England on green spaces showed spending at least 120 minutes a week in nature is connected with good health and well-being. It doesn't matter whether you break up the two hours into shorter walks in a local park filled with lots of trees or an afternoon in a forest.Taking a speedy walk through nature and rushing through the activity to get back to work, let's say, may not be as effective. Nor is it advised to play loud music as you walk.Forest bathing shows a different way of life. You are walking through nature in a forest and taking your time. You are noticing your feelings and starting more of a relaxing and meaningful life.30. According to the passage, during forest bathing people may.A. pay full attention to the pastB. make judgment more quicklyC. spend less energy to lose weightD. keep themselves away from worries31. What does the word "boost" in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Improve.B. Examine.C. Control.D. Require.32. About forest bathing, the writer might agree that people should. A. play loud music while walkingB. form a habit of walking in natureC. walk for two hours in the park every timeD. have a quick walk through nature before work 33. What could be the best title of the passage? A. Forest bathing: can you believe it?B. Forest bathing: is it helpful or not? C. Forest bathing: benefits from nature D. Forest bathing: a way to change nature 第二部分本部分共6题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。四、（共10分，每小题2分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Britain's youngest app developerA 13-year-old boy, Aaron Bond, designed a website and released （发布）three successful smartphone apps （应 用软件）.This made him Britain's youngest app developer in 2011.“I have been interested in computers since I was young”, says Aaron, as he explains how his childhood interest in web design has turned into a business work.The idea of inventing an app came from his friend Sebastian, aged 16, when the two teenagers were travelling to school one day by bus. Sebastian gave Aaron a challenge. 4tDo you think you can make a smartphone app?” he asked. Aaron said that he thought he could, but that he would need a new computer and some instructional materials.So Sebastian lent him a computer and Aaron taught himself how to design an app using books and videos. "It took me seven months to learn how to do it”, says Aaron. While he used his computer skills to build the app, Sebastian worked on developing the characters and improving the design for their game Spud Run. The boys set up a company and in May 2011, Aaron and Sebastian produced the game.The friends have now produced another app, lice SOS: this time designed to help in an emergency （突发事 件）.Once again, the idea came while the boys were travelling on the bus when a passenger suddenly fell down. “Nobody knew the man but we realized that if we got into his phone, we would find useful contact numbers,says Aaron. Unluckily, the phone was locked. The new app stores phone numbers of close family or friends along with important medical details. The app can be seen on the home screen and will work even if the phone is locked. 4tIf the emergency services have to contact relatives in an emergency, this will save them a lot of time and could save lives”, says Aaron.When asked about his plans fbr the future, Aaron rep