高考英语阅读理解专题讲座（猜词）课件31.ppt
上下文上下文构词法构词法猜测词意 信号词：信号词：be,be called,means,be defined as A mosquito is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and then drink blood.Desert can be defined as a large area of land where there is not enough rain and vegetation to support human life.1、定义或解释说明、定义或解释说明蚊子蚊子沙漠沙漠Ex.1 A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.His uncle is a zoologist,an expert who does research on animals.The herdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.We are on the night shift-from midnight to 8 a.m.-this week.木匠木匠 动物学家动物学家 牧人牧人 夜班夜班2、对比关系、对比关系 信号词信号词:but,however,yet,otherwise,while,though,on the one handon the other hand,for one thingfor another thing,instead of 等等 Though Toms face has been washed quite clean,his neck still remains grubby.John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things,his wife,however,is very thrifty.污秽的污秽的节约的节约的Ex.2 In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way.Now,however,everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.If you agree,write“yes”;if you dissent,write“no”.Some human actions are learned,but quite a few other actions are innate.Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money,I was sure that he was innocent of the theft.混乱混乱 无辜的无辜的 天生的天生的不同意不同意3、因果关系、因果关系 信号词信号词:because,since,as,for,due to,so,therefore,sothat,suchthat,thus Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic.The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.弹性的弹性的混浊的混浊的Ex.3 Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting,I bought a replica.An inexperienced eye could not tell the difference.Hes such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade.She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.复制品复制品 精明的精明的 修剪修剪4、举例法、举例法 信号词信号词:such,such as,like,for example/instance,especially,include,consist of Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt,headlights,and good brakes.On the farm they mainly raise poultry,such as chickens,ducks and geese,for their eggs and meat.家禽家禽装置装置5、重述、重述 信号词信号词:or,that is(to say),in other words,to put it another way,i.e.In some countries where there is very little rain,the farmers have to irrigate,or water,their fields.All whales fall into two groups,those with teeth and those without,Dolphins belong to odontoceti,that is to say,they are toothed whales.灌溉灌溉灌溉灌溉有牙齿的有牙齿的6、同义词、近义词、同义词、近义词 信号词信号词:or,like,asas,the same as The new tax law supersedes,or replaces,the law that was in effect last year.Mother was tall,fat and middle-aged.My aunt was an old woman,almost as plump as mother,and much shorter.推迟推迟圆胖的圆胖的,7、生活经验、生活经验,生活常识生活常识,逻辑推理逻辑推理 When a doctor performs an operation on a patient,he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious,because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.When you throw a stone into still water of a lake,you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water.Metal expands when heated and contracts when cooled.麻药麻药波纹波纹膨胀膨胀冷缩冷缩Ex.One of symptoms caused by the peculiar illness is a high fever.Because this chemical liquid is highly volatile,we must keep it in a bottle which has a tight lid.In the strong wind,the beggar shivered with the terrible cold.症状症状易挥发的易挥发的 颤抖颤抖小试身手1.Alberts success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence.A.time B.competition C.perseverance2.All his attempts to unlock the door was futile,because he was using the wrong key.A.成功的成功的 B.徒劳的徒劳的C.有效的有效的D.匆促的匆促的3.Though Mr.Smith has been manager for just 3 months,he has already made much greater achievements than his predecessors.1.A.上级上级 B.前任前任 C.同事同事 D.下级下级祝祝功功成成你你!4.She didnt hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.A.心不在焉的心不在焉的 B.紧张的紧张的 C.全神贯注的全神贯注的 D.睡意浓的睡意浓的5.Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl.But her sister was quite sedate.A.pretty B.calm C.protective D.energetic6.He is a resolute man.Once he makes up his mind to do something,he wont give it up halfway.A.strong B.firm C.kind D.clever祝祝功功成成你你!7.The official asked the man what his occupation was.The man told him that he worked as an engineer.A.work B.study C.name D.interest8.Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.A.town B.capital C.country D.house9.You can take any of the periodicals:The World of English,Foreign Language Teaching in School,or English Learning.A.dictionaries B.story-books C.magazines D.newspapers祝祝功功成成你你!10.The flowers in the vase withered because they had no water.A.became sweeter B.became red C.became dry11.Just for fun,they decided to try a very circuitous country road instead of the more direct highway.A.direct B.indirect C.straight12.That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.A.small B.large C.dull祝祝功功成成你你!celebrity (A.名人名人 B.作家作家 C.主持人主持人)Two years ago that singer had no money and no fame.Now she is a famous celebrity.enterprising (A.令人惊讶的令人惊讶的 B.神秘的神秘的 C.有进取心的有进取心的)Frank is a very enterprising person.He always thinks of new ideas to make his business run better.in the public eye That actress has been in the public eye almost all her life.She first appeared on a TV show when she was 8 years old.promote (A.提升提升 B.推销推销 C.遥控遥控)If you want the boss to choose you for the job,promote yourself as the best person.ultimately(A.按时地按时地 B.最终最终 C.幸福地幸福地)Bob just started dating(约会约会)Susan.He hopes this relationship will ultimately lead to marriage.经常在公开场合露面经常在公开场合露面,What does“in the public eye”mean?A.公众熟悉的公众熟悉的,出名的出名的Tips:in public在公众场合在公众场合 the public大众大众 eye眼睛眼睛GuessB.在群众的眼里在群众的眼里 C.公开的公开的 D.令人眼热的令人眼热的Mr Zhang often appears Mr Zhang often appears in public.But he is not famoushe is not But he is not famoushe is not in the public eyein the public eye.8.8.根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义例题：例题：Tom cant find his sneakers.C.shoesTom cant find his white sneakersTom cant play tennis now because he cant find his white sneakers.A.moneyB.bowlsl）Jane is usually prompt.Alate Bon time Cpleased Jane is usually prompt for her classesJane is usually prompt for all her classes，but she arrived in the middle of her first class.adj.敏捷的敏捷的,迅速的迅速的,即时的即时的adv.准时地准时地2）Tom saw an owl last night Aa bird Ban animal Cthe sun Tom saw an owl in a tree last nightTom saw an owl last night but it flew away when he got near猫头鹰猫头鹰3）The boy wants a pony Adog Bcat ChorseThe boy wants a brown pony The boy wants to ride a brown pony.小型马小型马4）The children are looking at an ape.Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of snake Ca kind of bird The children are looking at an ape at the zooThe children are looking at a large,hairy(毛的)ape at the zoo 猿猿5）The trout is very cheap Afish Bfruit Capple The fresh trout is very cheapThe fresh trout is very cheap,but I dont know how to cook it鲑鱼鲑鱼6)The lady asked the waitress to get her a saucer Aa glass Ba cake Ca small plate The lady asked the waitress to get her a clean saucerThe lady asked the waitress to get her a clean saucer to put her coffee cup on茶托茶托,7)We seldom see a sparrow now.Aa kind of dog Ba kind of plane Ca kind of birdWe seldom see a sparrow in the sky.We seldom see a sparrow in the sky because the air is not so clean now as used to be麻雀麻雀What have you What have you learned today?learned today?
