情态动词的用法精选PPT.ppt
关于情态动词的用法第1页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日一、一、“must have done”一定做过某事一定做过某事v表示表示对过去事情的肯定推测对过去事情的肯定推测,该结构,该结构只用于只用于肯定句。肯定句。v1.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨晚一定下雨了,因为地面还是湿的。2.Youmusthavebeenmadtospeaktotheservant.你和仆人说话,一定是发疯了。第2页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日二、二、“cant have done”“couldnt have done”不可能做过某事不可能做过某事v表示对过去事情的否定推测表示对过去事情的否定推测,“couldnt have done”较少使用较少使用。v1.Mr.Smith cant have gone to Beijing,for I saw him in the library just now.史密斯先生不可史密斯先生不可能去北京了,我刚才还在图书馆见过他。能去北京了,我刚才还在图书馆见过他。v2.Mary cant have stolen your money.She has gone home.玛丽不可能偷你的钱,她回家去了。玛丽不可能偷你的钱,她回家去了。第3页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日三、三、“could have done”1)表示猜测,表示猜测,“过去可能做过某事过去可能做过某事”,多用于疑多用于疑问句;问句;2)用于虚拟语气,意思是用于虚拟语气,意思是“本来能够做某事而本来能够做某事而没有做没有做”。vWhat could have happened?难道可能发难道可能发生了什么事吗?生了什么事吗?vThis glass is cracked.Someone could have dropped it.这个玻璃杯破了。可能是谁把它掉在地上了。这个玻璃杯破了。可能是谁把它掉在地上了。vHe could have passed the exam,but he was too careless.本来他能够通过考试,但本来他能够通过考试,但是他太粗心。是他太粗心。第4页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日“can have done”v表示对发生过的事情的推测,用于疑问句中。表示对发生过的事情的推测,用于疑问句中。vIts so late.Where can she have gone?v天晚了,她可能去哪儿了呢?天晚了,她可能去哪儿了呢?第5页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日四、四、“may have done”v表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能可能已经已经”或或“也许已经也许已经”,用于肯定句中。,用于肯定句中。vWhathashappenedtoGeorge?vIdontknow.Hemayhavegotlost.v乔治发生了什么事?v我不知道,他可能迷路了。第6页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日五、五、“might have done”v1)表示对过去事情的推测,表示对过去事情的推测,might与与may意思相同,但意思相同,但可能性更小。可能性更小。v2)用于虚拟语气中用于虚拟语气中,意思是:意思是:“本来可能做某事,事实上本来可能做某事,事实上却没做却没做”v1.He might have given you more help,even though he was busy.他或许会多给你一些帮助,即使他很忙。他或许会多给你一些帮助,即使他很忙。v2.She might have achieved greater progress,if you had given her more chances.如果你多给她点机如果你多给她点机会,她可能已经取得更大的成绩。会,她可能已经取得更大的成绩。第7页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日六、六、“would have done”v虚拟语气,意思是“本来会做某事,但事实上没做”。v1.Iwouldhavetoldyouallabouttheboysstory,butyoudidntaskme.我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事,但是你没有问我。v2.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldnthaveachievedsomuch.没有你的帮助,我是不会取得如此大的成绩。第8页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日七、“shouldhavedone”本来应该做某事,而实际没做本来应该做某事,而实际没做v否定式为否定式为“shouldnt have done”表示本来不应该做表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。某事,而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。v v1.Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.汤姆,你太懒惰了,这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。v2.Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldnthavebeensoharshonhim.看,汤姆哭了,我本来不应该对他如此严厉。第9页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日八、八、“ought to have done”v表示过去应该做而实际并没有做,译成表示过去应该做而实际并没有做,译成“理理应做应做”,往往表示遗憾。与,往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。用法基本一样。IoughttohavegonehomelastSunday.我理应上星期日回家。vYououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp.你不应该帮助他那么多。第10页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日十、十、“need have done”本来需要做某事而没有做本来需要做某事而没有做v否定式为否定式为“neednt have done”表示表示“本来不需要做本来不需要做某事而做了某事而做了”。vI neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.我本来没有必要买这么多酒,只来了五个我本来没有必要买这么多酒,只来了五个人。人。vHe need have hurried to the station.In that case,be wouldnt have missed the train.他本来需要快点他本来需要快点去车站,那样的话,他就不会误了火车去车站,那样的话,他就不会误了火车。第11页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日v1-YoudidntwaitforMr.Smithlastnight,didyou?-Actually,we_.Hedidntreturnhomeatall.A.couldnthavewaitedB.neednthavewaitedC.didntneedtowaitD.shouldwaitv2Harry_havewonthePhysicscompetitioneasilyyesterday,buthegaveup.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.must第12页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日v3-MayIspeaktoyourmanagerMr.Smithatsixoclocktonight?”-“Imsorry,Mr.Smithtoaconferencebeforethen.”A.willhavegoneB.hadgoneC.wouldhavegoneD.hasgonev4-Tomtookawayourteacherscellphonewithoutbeingpermitted.-Really?Icantimaginethathe_havedonesuchathing.A.mustB.mayC.canD.should第13页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日v5-Wasityouthatmadethesuggestion?-It havebeen.Icantremember.A.needB.mustC.shouldD.mayv6Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I_thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.neednthavetakenD.mustnthavetaken第14页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日v7Hepaidforaseat,whenhe_haveenteredfree.A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.needv8Ididntseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.Sheatthemeeting.A.mustnthavespokenB.mightnthavespokenC.canthavespokenD.shouldnthavespoken第15页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日v9-Hi,isthatPeterBrown?-Sorry.You_thewrongnumber.A.mustcallB.musthavecalledC.shouldcallD.shouldhavecalledv10Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They_atleast150kilometersanhour.A.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone第16页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日v11.Heisnotpoor.You_havelenthimthemoney.A.cantB.needntC.couldntD.mustntv12.Therewasplentyoftime.You_havehurried.A.wontB.mustntC.needntD.couldntv13.They_havefinishedtheworkyesterday,butitwasraininghard.vA.mustB.couldC.shouldD.might第17页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第18页,讲稿共18张,创作于星期日