英语语法定语从句详解.pptx

定语从句：定语从句：是指在复合句中，是指在复合句中，修饰修饰 或或 的从句的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做词叫做“”.引导定语从句的词叫引导定语从句的词叫“”名词名词代词代词先行词先行词关系词关系词第1页/共61页How many kinds of Attributive Clauses are there?How many kinds of Attributive Clauses are there?第2页/共61页定语从句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句第3页/共61页引导定语从句的关系词指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因 who，whom，thatwhich，thatwhose，of whichwherewhenwhy关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词第4页/共61页关系词作用关系词作用 1.代替先行词代替先行词;.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句.（把主句和从句连起来）（把主句和从句连起来）v关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。人称、数必须和先行词一致。第5页/共61页Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词第6页/共61页Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词a machine the machine第7页/共61页Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词a machine that/which第8页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.第9页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl第10页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.whoThe girl第11页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.whoThe girl第12页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.whoThe girl第13页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.whoThe girl第14页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.whoThe girl第15页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.whoThe girl第16页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.whoThe girl第17页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.who/whom/thatThe girl注意避免重复注意避免重复第18页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:I have a friend.His father is a doctor.第19页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:I have a friend.His father is a doctor.I have a father is a doctor.hisa friend第20页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:I have a friend.His father is a doctor.I have a father is a doctor.whosea friend第21页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:I like the room.The rooms window face the sea.第22页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:I like the room.The rooms window face the sea.I like window face thesea.the roomsthe room第23页/共61页关系代词的实质关系代词的实质-代替先行词Join the following sentences:I like the room.The rooms window face the sea.I like window face thesea.whosethe room第24页/共61页总结先行词（物 主语，宾语）=which/that先行词（人 主语）=who/that先行词（人 宾语）=who/that/whom先行词（人/物-定语）=whose先行词s=whose第25页/共61页I have an apple.The apple is red.I have an applethat/which is red.修饰先行词修饰先行词 an apple 第26页/共61页I like some friends.Some friends like sports.I like friendswho/that like sports.修饰先行词修饰先行词 friends 第27页/共61页填空：1.Look at that lady _ name is Pochi.2.She is a teacher _ I like very much.3.Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.4.Those _will go to the park stay here.5.That was all the money _I had.whose whom/thatwhich/that whothat第28页/共61页6.Tom is the first boy _left the room.7.Look at the boy and his dog _are coming this way.8.You can read any book _I have.9.That was the year _I went to America.10.We came to the town,_we stayed for 2 hours.thatthatthatwhenwhere第29页/共61页关系副词指代所充当的句子成分whenwherewhy时间时间地点地点原因原因时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语原因状语原因状语2.引导定语从句的关系副词第30页/共61页关系副词When=on(in,during)whichwhere=on(in,in front of)whichWhy=for which第31页/共61页Correct the mistakes1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two.2.My mother has a good book,which cover looks terrible.3.This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.4.There is an old woman,that is holding a stick.whomwhoseitwho第32页/共61页第33页/共61页第34页/共61页 1.that 1.that 与whichwhich1.Nothing _ can be done has been done.2.Do you have anything _ you dont understand?先行词是先行词是everything,nothing,anything,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,nonesomething,much,little,none等不定代词，引等不定代词，引导定语从句用导定语从句用thatthatthatthat第35页/共61页1.This is the best TV _ is made in China.2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。1.that 1.that 与whichwhich第36页/共61页Ive read all the books _ you lent me.that先行词被先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last only,last 修饰时修饰时,引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that that。1.that 1.that 与whichwhich第37页/共61页1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.2.A victim is a person,animal or thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc.先行词中既有人又有事物时，先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that.that.thatthat 1.that 1.that 与whichwhich第38页/共61页1.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better?WhoWho做先行词时，做先行词时，引导定语从句用引导定语从句用thatthatthat 1.that 1.that 与whichwhich第39页/共61页1.Her bag,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.3.Xiao Wang,with _ I went to the concert,enjoy it very much.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物在介词后面，指事物用用whichwhich，指人用，指人用whomwhom 1.that 1.that 与whichwhich第40页/共61页1）、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配This is the book_ which you asked注意：动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前 forThe old man whom I am looking after is better.如何判断介词第41页/共61页2）、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.with如何判断介词第42页/共61页3）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配This is our classroom ,_ which there is a teachers desk.in the front of如何判断介词第43页/共61页whose 引导的定语从句表示所属关系表示所属关系 The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.whose3 Whose 的使用第44页/共61页There are in this class 20 students,_ are different.A.whose backgrounds B.The backgrounds of whomC.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whoseWhose 的使用第45页/共61页The earth is round,_ we all know._ is known to all,the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.as AsIt定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用as,as as,as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的词一般是固定的4 as 的使用第46页/共61页This is the same book as I lost.This is the same book that I lost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。这本书就是我丢的那本。as 的使用第47页/共61页This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.asas这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。定语从句定语从句as 的使用第48页/共61页This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.thatthat这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。结果状语从句as 的使用第49页/共61页1.It is very useful to master a foreign language,_ has been said before.which 2 _ everyone hoped,Mary has won the first prize.Asas as引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，句末，而which 引导定语从句不能放在句首.as译为正如，好像。，译为正如，好像。，which which 则没有此义。则没有此义。as 的使用第50页/共61页5 when,where,why 与that,which 的区分）Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park.）Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you.）Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you.）This is the museum _I visited last year.whenwhichthatwhichthatwhichthat第51页/共61页5 when,where,why 与that,which 的区分 This is the reason _(=for which)I didnt come here.The reason _ she gave was not true.whythatwhich/that指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。第52页/共61页6 定语从句中的动词的数He is the only one in his class who _(have)got the teachers praise He is one of the students in his class who _(have)got the teachers praise hashave关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词第53页/共61页第54页/共61页Correct the sentences:1.Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday.2.The man whom I spoke is from Canada.3.July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget.tothat第55页/共61页4.Im going to work in the hospital where needs me.5.Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.whichwhoCorrect the sentences:第56页/共61页6.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons.7.The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.thatwhyCorrect the sentences:第57页/共61页8.Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.givesCorrect the sentences:第58页/共61页9.Taiwan,that we know,belongs to China.10.The bike by which I travelled was his.asonCorrect the sentences:第59页/共61页ThankThank youyouGoodbyeGoodbye第60页/共61页感谢您的观看！第61页/共61页