现在分词作状语有几种形式.pptx
1现在分词作状语有四种形式1.一般形式，由动词原形ing构成2.完成形式，由having+过去分词3.进行被动式：由being过去分词4.完成被动式：由having been过去分词构成第1页/共32页2-ing短语作状语称为现在分词短语作状语现在分词短语作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作，来对谓语表示的主要动作加以修饰或作为陪衬 第2页/共32页3Relying on our own efforts,we overcame all the difficulties.They stood there for an hour,watching the game.Dont just stand there doing nothing.第3页/共32页41.现在分词何时用一般形式?当分词的动作是由主语发出，而且和谓语动词同时发生，则用分词的一般形式He was ill and didnt attend the meeting.=Being ill,he didnt attend the meeting.第4页/共32页5When he saw those picture,he couldnt help thinking f those memorable days in the war.=Seeing those pictures,he couldnt help thinking of those memorable days in the war.第5页/共32页6如果分词表示的是一个极短暂的动作,这动作一发生,谓语表示的动作立即发生,也用分词的一般形式.Hearing the news,they all jumped with joy.第6页/共32页7Reaching home,he began writing a melody for it.Walking out of the room,he found the boy still there.Arriving at the hotel,she found them busy laying tables.第7页/共32页82.现在分词何时用完成形式？当分词的动作是由主语发出，而且发生在谓语动作之前，则用分词的完成形式Having finished the class,she went home.=After she finished the class第8页/共32页9Having worked among the peasants for many years,he knew them very well.=As he had worked第9页/共32页103.现在分词何时用进行被动式？当分词的动作由主语承受，而且分词的动作与谓语动词同时发生时Being criticized by the employer,the new employee hung his head.第10页/共32页114.现在分词何时用完成的被动式？当分词表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，且分词表示的动作由主语承受 Having been beaten by the farmer,the horse went away.Having been praised for his job,Tom worked harder.第11页/共32页12 Having been cut off from their source of supply,the guerrillas camped in the open and live on wild plants.第12页/共32页13现在分词作状语相当于状语从句可表时间，原因，方式，伴随情况，结果或条件等第13页/共32页14(1)相当于原因状语从句a.Being ill,she didnt g to school today.=As she is ill,b.Having seen the film,he didnt go to the cinema with them.=Because he had seen the film,第14页/共32页15c.Feeling tired，I went to bed early.=Because I felt tired,d.Not knowing her address,we couldnt get in touch with her.Because we didnt know her address,第15页/共32页16Greatly interested,I asked to have a try myself.Delighted,the girls thought up many good ideas.第16页/共32页17a.Walking in the street(=When I was walking in the street),I caught sight of a tailor shop.b.Turning around(When she turned around),she saw an ambulance driving up.（2）相当于时间状语从句第17页/共32页18c.When leaving the airport(When they left the airport),they waved again and again.D.Dont mention this while talking to him(while you are talking to him).第18页/共32页19(3)表示行为方式，伴随情况或补充说明等a.Holding the note in his hand,he stood there dumbfounded.b.The students went away,running and laughing.c.Staving,he wandered about.第19页/共32页20(4)表示结果a.The old man died,leaving nothing but debts.b.we hurried to school,finding there were no students in the school.c.They opened fire,killing one of our patrolmen.第20页/共32页21(5)表示条件a.Staying here for some time,youll find the people here are friendly.b.If playing all day,you will waste your valuable time.第21页/共32页22注意1：不是每个状语从句都能用分词替换只有当分词和句子的主语有逻辑上的主谓关系时，才能用分词替换第22页/共32页23Before I came into the lab,the student had been seated.Come into 的动作既不是students发出的也不是students承受，所以不能这样说Coming into the lab,the students had been seated.第23页/共32页24注意2：分词作状语时，分词和句子的主语一定要有逻辑上的主谓关系逻辑上的主谓关系即分词的动作由句子的主语发出或承受第24页/共32页25We are sitting here,making notes.make的动作由主语我们发出Being scolded by his mother,the boy hung his head.Scold 的动作由the boy承受第25页/共32页26注意3：如果分词和句子没有逻辑上的主谓关系，则不能用单个的分词作状语，可以用分词的独立主格结构或状语从句第26页/共32页27现在分词的独立结构为名词或代词分词，名词或代词是分词的逻辑主语Time permitting,Ill call on you this Sunday.There being no money,he could buy nothing.第27页/共32页28He entering the office,a letter was found on the ground.Professor Zhang having finished the lecture,his driver drove him home.第28页/共32页29分词作状语时,在少数情况下,其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致,分词用来修饰全句 Judging from his accent,he seemed to be from Hunan province.=If we judge第29页/共32页30Generally speaking,every spy has a contact.Considering his age,he was helped by the young fellow.第30页/共32页第31页/共32页32感谢您的观看！第32页/共32页
