高一英语必修一定语从句课件.ppt

关于高一英语必修一定语从句第1页，此课件共34页哦The man _ is Liuxiang.who ran the fastestLiuxiangistheman_.who ran the fastest刘翔刘翔The man is Liuxiang.Liuxiang ran the fastest.第2页，此课件共34页哦a boy，has a scar，forehead Harry Porter is a boy _ _.who/that has a scar on his foreheadThe boy is Harry Porter.Harry Porter has a scar on his forehead.第3页，此课件共34页哦Beckham is a football player.He is handsome.Beckham is a football player,_.who is handsomeBeckham,_ is handsomeWho is a football player第4页，此课件共34页哦Changzhou is a cityChangzhou is a city _ _ _._.Changzhouacitydevelopfastwhich/thatdevelopsfast第5页，此课件共34页哦The city _ _ is Beijing.Beijing is the city _ whichthat hosted the 2008 Olympic GamesThe city host(举办举办)2oo8 Olympic Games Beijing whichthat hosted the 2008 Olympic Games第6页，此课件共34页哦在复合句中，修饰某一名词或者代词用作定语的句子就叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫做 _ 或 _。引导定语从句的关联词有：定语从句关系代词：who,whom whose,which,that 关系副词：when,where,why“关系代词”“关系副词”第7页，此课件共34页哦定语从句的位置定语从句一定放在被修饰的成分之后。e.g.This is the car which he bought last year.先行词定语从句Do you know the doctor?He spoke just now.Do you know the doctor who spoke just now?第8页，此课件共34页哦现在我们将常用的关系代词关系代词的指代功能和在句子中的句法功能总结如下：关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的 先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。第9页，此课件共34页哦指代人指代人指代物指代物指代人指代人和物和物主主语语（不可（不可省略）省略）who/thatwhich/thatthat宾语宾语(可省略可省略)whom/who/that(有无介词有无介词)which/thatthat定定语语whose(=ofwhom)whose(=ofwhich)在从句中的作用指代功能第10页，此课件共34页哦He is the student _ you want to see.关系代词 that,which,whom 在从句中作宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则不可省略，有介词的时候不用that。(whom,who,that)第11页，此课件共34页哦 定语从句三步：定语从句三步：第一找出先行词第一找出先行词第二看先行词在定语从句中的第二看先行词在定语从句中的 语法功能（做主语、宾语或定语）语法功能（做主语、宾语或定语）第三选择合适的关系词第三选择合适的关系词第12页，此课件共34页哦关系代词关系代词:1.who指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.和我谈话的那个人，是我们的老师。和我谈话的那个人，是我们的老师。2.whom指人指人,作宾语作宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.我对他点头的那个男人是李先生。我对他点头的那个男人是李先生。当先行词是当先行词是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those等等,指人时一般用指人时一般用who,不用不用that。e.g.Thosewhowant to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.第13页，此课件共34页哦3.which 指物，指物，作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如如介词提前则不能省介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.这些是去年种植的树。这些是去年种植的树。这个他正在使用的录音机是日本产的。这个他正在使用的录音机是日本产的。第14页，此课件共34页哦4.that指人指人/物，物，作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that/who/whom)Itoldyouabout.第15页，此课件共34页哦5.5.whose 在定从中在定从中作定语作定语，表所属关系，表所属关系，翻译为翻译为“他的他的/她的她的/它的它的”，用来代替，用来代替 his，her，their，its.whose指人也指物，指人也指物，指物时指物时 =of which 指人时指人时=of whomThis is the book cover is blue.This is the book the cover is blue.这是一本蓝色封面的书。这是一本蓝色封面的书。whoseof which第16页，此课件共34页哦1.who指指_,_,作作_（成分）（成分）2.whom指指_,_,作作_（成分）（成分）3.which 指指_，作作_（成分）（成分）4.that指指_，作，作_（成分）（成分）5.5.whose作作_(_(成分成分)，表，表_关系，关系，译为译为_，用来代替，用来代替 _._.whose指人也指物，指人也指物，指物时指物时 =_ 指人时指人时=_人人主、宾主、宾人人宾宾主、宾主、宾主、宾主、宾物物人、物人、物定语定语所属所属“他的他的/她的她的/它的它的”，His/her/their/itsof whichof whom第17页，此课件共34页哦如何选择关系代词如何选择关系代词?who,whom,whose,which,that 口诀口诀:前看前看先行词先行词,辩清人或物辩清人或物 后看后看从句里从句里,有无主宾语有无主宾语第18页，此课件共34页哦This is the film which I saw last night.This is the film whose name is Titanic.The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Lucy.Here are two pictures that are taken from the film.Jack and Lucy are the hero and the heroine who loved each other very much in the film.the Attributive Clausethe Attributive Clausewhowho指指herohero和和heroineheroine，作主语，作主语whomwhom指指manman和和womanwoman，作宾语，作宾语whosewhose指指电影的电影的，作定语，作定语thatthat指图片，作主语指图片，作主语whichwhich指指电影电影，作宾语，作宾语第19页，此课件共34页哦用适当的关系代词填空用适当的关系代词填空：1.Thisisthehouse_wasbuiltlastyear2.Theboy_wesawyesterdaywasJohnsbrother.3.Thecar_myunclehadjustboughtwasdestroyedintheearthquake.4.Thatistheman_wewerelookingfor.which/that(whom/that/who)(which/that)(whom/that)第20页，此课件共34页哦考点：考点：thatthatthatthat和和和和whichwhichwhichwhich的选择的选择的选择的选择 (1)that (1)that指物时一般可以与指物时一般可以与whichwhich互换，但在下列情况互换，但在下列情况引导词只引导词只用用thatthat，不用，不用whichwhich。当先行词为当先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时，如：等不定代词时，如：a.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.b.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.c.Thereislittle(that)theenemycandobesidessurrender.先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修饰时修饰时：Ivereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.第21页，此课件共34页哦考点：考点：thatthatthatthat和和和和whichwhichwhichwhich的选择的选择的选择的选择先行词是先行词是序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰时。修饰时。Thisisthebestbook(that)Iveeverread.Thisisthefirstcomposition(that)hehaswritteninEnglish.先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the last the only,the very,the last 修饰时。修饰时。Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone(that)Ireallylike.Thisistheverybook(that)Iwanttofind.当有两个或两个以上分别表示当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物人和物的先行词时，这个定语从句的先行词时，这个定语从句要用要用thatthat而不用而不用who(whom)who(whom)和和whichwhich引导。如：引导。如：Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools（that）hehadvisited.这是我看过的最好的一本书。这是我看过的最好的一本书。这是他用英文写的第一篇作文。第22页，此课件共34页哦先行词是疑问词先行词是疑问词who,which,what时，定语从句用时，定语从句用that而不用而不用who,(whom)和和which引导。引导。考点：考点：thatthatthatthat和和和和whichwhichwhichwhich的选择的选择的选择的选择Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome?当关系代词在从句中作表语时：当关系代词在从句中作表语时：Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.第23页，此课件共34页哦考点：考点：as与与which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句对这两个词作如下归纳：对这两个词作如下归纳：1、如果定语放主句后，即引用、如果定语放主句后，即引用as也可以用也可以用which.Hefailedtotheexam,as(=which)isnatural.Sheseemsascientist,as(=which)infactsheis.Grammarisnotadeadrule,which(=as)Ihavesaidbefore.2 2、如果从句在主句前，这时要用如果从句在主句前，这时要用asas而不用而不用whichwhich引导引导定语从句。定语从句。如：如：Asweallknow,hisparentswerekilledinthewar.Asweallknow,theearthisround.第24页，此课件共34页哦3.用于用于thesameas,suchas，asas,soas中，中，一般用一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.ThisisthesamebookasIlentyouyesterday.4.as代表前面主句意思时，有代表前面主句意思时，有“正如正如正像正像”之意，而之意，而which没有没有此意思，从句中的动词常是此意思，从句中的动词常是expect,know,see,think,want,suppose等，等，which可以代表可以代表整个句子整个句子的内容，有的内容，有“这一点，这件事这一点，这件事”之意。之意。Hewonthematch,aswehadexpected.Heagreedtotheplan,aswastobeexpected.He came back late,which made his mother worried.考点：考点：as与与which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句Hereissobigastoneasnomancanlift.第25页，此课件共34页哦专题专练专题专练1.Do you think such a place _ you speak of is worth visiting?2.He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday,_ I doubt very much.3.There is a lake near our schoolyard,_ depth is out of your expectation.4.-Do you have anything in mind _ youd like for supper?-Well,anything is Ok for me.5.The house in _ he used to live has turned into a library.as which whose that which =the lakes 第26页，此课件共34页哦6.Students in our school,most of _ are from the south of China,enjoy rice very much.7._ is often the case,teachers in our school usually return to school on Sunday evenings.8.Which is the road _ leads to the village _ you were born?9.The newcomer is from Jiangxi,_ I can tell from his accent.whom As that where which 第27页，此课件共34页哦Correctthesentences:_that7.Thestudentsandthingswhichyouspokeofareknowntous.1.Einsteinissuchagreatscientistthatwemustlearnfrom.2.ThestudentwhosbookIhadborroweddidntcometoschooltoday.3.Whoistheworkerwhotooksomepicturesofthefactory.4.Itistheoneofthebestfilmswhichhavebeenshownrecently.5.ThethirdplacewhichwearegoingtovisitisHangzhou6.Whichisknowntoall,manysatellitearegoingaroundinthesky._as_Whosethat_that_that_As第28页，此课件共34页哦巩固练习：巩固练习：Correctthemistakes8.Underthebigtreeare34students,manyofthemcomefromclasstwo.9.Mymotherhasagoodbook,whichcoverlooksterrible.10.Thisistheredpen,thatyougavetomebefore.11.Thereisanoldwoman,thatisholdingastick.whomwhosewhowhich_第29页，此课件共34页哦1.All_weneedistobesuppliedwithfoodandclothing.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whom2.Theman_talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whatExercises:3.Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory_youvisitedlastweek?A.whatB.inwhereC./D.when第30页，此课件共34页哦4.Themostimportantthing_weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing_Ihavesaid.A.which;thatB.that;whichC.which;whichD.that;that5.Shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandpersons_noneofushaseverheardof.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that6.Whoistheperson_istalkingabouttheaccident_happenedonHighway104?A.which;whichB.who;whatC.that;thatD.what;what第31页，此课件共34页哦1._isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(NMET2001)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.whatas,whichas,which引导的非限制性定引导的非限制性定语从句的区别：语从句的区别：1.1.位置：位置：as as句首，句中；句首，句中；whichwhich主句之主句之后后2.2.含义：含义：as as 正如，像；正如，像；which which 那个那个/件件第32页，此课件共34页哦2.The famous basketball star,_ tried tomake a comeback,attracted a lot ofattention.(北京北京2002春季春季)A.whereB.whenC.whichD.who3.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,_shewantedtobe.（湖北（湖北2005）A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which第33页，此课件共34页哦感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第34页，此课件共34页哦