高一英语定语从句课件.ppt

关于高一英语定语从句第1页，此课件共47页哦定语从句的基本概念定语从句的基本概念1 定定语语从从句句是是整整个个句句子子充充当当定定语语,来来修修饰饰名名词词或或代代词词。被被定定语语从从句句所所修修饰饰的的词词叫叫先先行行词词，定定语语从从句句一一般般紧紧跟跟先先行行词词。定定从从一一般般用用关关系系代代词词或或关关系系副副词词引引导导，关关系系词词在在含含义义上上替替代代先行词先行词,并在定语从句中并在定语从句中充当一个成分充当一个成分。第2页，此课件共47页哦定语从句的基本概念定语从句的基本概念2vThe man who came to see me this morning is my cousin.今天早晨来看我的人是我表弟.先行词 定语从句 关系代词作主语，不可省 第3页，此课件共47页哦定语从句的基本概念定语从句的基本概念3v关系代词关系代词：v代人代人:who（主语主语/宾语），宾语），whom（宾语）v代物代物:which（主语主语/宾语）宾语）v代人或物代人或物:that (主语主语/宾语宾语)vWhose 某人的/某物的,（先行词的所有格先行词的所有格)；v关系代词在从句中关系代词在从句中做主语，不能省略做主语，不能省略;v做宾语，可以省略。做宾语，可以省略。第4页，此课件共47页哦定语从句的基本概念定语从句的基本概念4v关系副词：关系副词：vWhere 表示地点，在定从中作地点状语地点状语;vWhen 表示时间，在定从中作时间状语时间状语;vWhy 表示原因，在定从中作原因状语原因状语。第5页，此课件共47页哦v关系代词关系代词vwhichvwho/whomvthatv关系副词关系副词vwhenvwherevwhyv诀窍诀窍:1.先找定语从句所修先找定语从句所修饰的先行词饰的先行词;2.再判断定从里缺少再判断定从里缺少成分吗成分吗?3.如缺成分如缺成分,缺的是缺的是什么成分什么成分?主语还主语还是宾语是宾语?第6页，此课件共47页哦v1.Do you know the lady _ gave us a speech last week?v(who,that)v2.The book _ cost me 1,200 yuan is an encyclopaedia.v(which,that)第7页，此课件共47页哦v3.He is a man _ we should learn from.v(whom,who,that,/)v4.That is the place _ I was born.v(where)第8页，此课件共47页哦v15.The tool _ he is working with is called a tin opener.v(which,that,/)vThe tool with _ he is working is called a tin-opener.v(which)第9页，此课件共47页哦veg:The book is for the people whose native language is not English.veg:whose cover is red.I bought a bookt th he e c co ov ve er r o of f w wh hi ic ch h i is s r re ed d.v o of f w wh hi ic ch h t th he e c co ov ve er r i is s r re ed d.ve eg g:C Ch hi il ld de er rn n w wh ho os se e p pa ar re en nt ts s a ar re e d de ea ad d a ar re e c ca al ll le ed d o or rp ph ha an ns s.第10页，此课件共47页哦v16.The gift was sent by her son _is serving in the army.v(who,that)v17.The gift was sent by her son,who is serving in the army.v(16,限制性定从限制性定从,限定作用限定作用;v 17,非限制性定从非限制性定从,补充修饰作用补充修饰作用)第11页，此课件共47页哦v18.How many students are there in your class _ homes are in Pudong new area?v(whose)v19.They have invited us to visit their school,which is very kind of them.v(非限制性定从中的which还可以指代前面一句话!)第12页，此课件共47页哦v20.The road was widened,which was exactly what we wanted.第13页，此课件共47页哦只用只用that,不能用不能用which的的5种情况种情况A.当先行词是不定代词时当先行词是不定代词时(anything，everything，nothing，all，little)1.Do you have anything that you dont understand?2.Everything that can be done has been done.3.Im not interested in all that he told me.=Im not interested in what he told me.（宾从）第14页，此课件共47页哦vB.当先行词被最高级形容词所修饰时当先行词被最高级形容词所修饰时,v1.This is the highest building that I have ever seen.v2.Do you think this is the most powerful computer that has ever been invented?vC.当先行词被序数词修饰时当先行词被序数词修饰时 v1.The second question that was discussed at the meeting was the most important.v2.This is the last book that is on my reading list.第15页，此课件共47页哦vD.当先行词被当先行词被all，no，only，any，very，just，much等词修饰时等词修饰时This is the very book that Ive been looking for.This is the only example that I can give you.第16页，此课件共47页哦E.当先行词由人和物共同组成当先行词由人和物共同组成Here are the people and the books that/O I love.第17页，此课件共47页哦不能用不能用that的两种情况的两种情况vA.在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中v1.Weve collected many stamps,which are all very nice.v2.This note was left by Mr.Wu,who was here a moment ago.vB.在介词后面在介词后面v1.This is country to which he wants to go.v2.At our school,there are about 200 foreign students,most of whom are from Europe.第18页，此课件共47页哦ASAs也是也是关系代词，关系代词，用于用于1.Suchas 和和 the sameas结构中结构中I want to buy such a skirt as you are wearing.I want to buy the same skirt as you are wearing.(比较:I want to buy the same skirt that you are wearing.)第19页，此课件共47页哦ASv2.或在非限制性定语从句中表示前面整个句子或在非限制性定语从句中表示前面整个句子.vShe has done a good job,as we all know.vAs we all know,she has done a good job.第20页，此课件共47页哦Way做先行词做先行词?vWay做先行词做先行词,表示方式方法表示方式方法:v定语从句中定语从句中,可以用可以用v1.in whichv2.thatv3.O第21页，此课件共47页哦Way做先行词做先行词?v1.Wallance and Darwin agreed on the way in which different forms of life had begun.v2.The way in which these comrades look at problems is wrong.v3.The way that these comrades look at problems is wrong.第22页，此课件共47页哦Way做先行词做先行词?v4.The way these comrades look at problems is wrong.v5.Musicians rarely agree on the way a piece of music should be played.第23页，此课件共47页哦CLASSICAL QUESTIONS ,v1.The old woman has two sons,one of _ is a professor.v2.The old woman has two sons,and one of _ is a professor.v(1.whom,v2.them)第24页，此课件共47页哦CLASSICAL QUESTIONS ,3.Do you know why he was absent?（宾从）4.Do you know the reason why he was absent?（定从）5.Do you know the reason which(that)may explain his absence?（定语从句）以上三句含义相同，句式不同。第25页，此课件共47页哦CLASSICAL QUESTIONS ,6.The reason that you were ill yesterday is not accepted.（你昨天生病的原因没有被接受。）v这是一句“同位语”从句的句子，“reason”与“you were ill yesterday”表达的是同等意思，因此关系词不能用“which”，只能用“that”。第26页，此课件共47页哦CLASSICAL QUESTIONS ,v7.The news that our team won the game made us excited.（我们队赢的消息使我们激动.同位语从句）8.The news which(that)I heard through the radio is exciting.（我从广播中听到的消息令人激动.定语从句）第27页，此课件共47页哦CLASSICAL QUESTIONS ,9.定语从句中的插入语定语从句中的插入语 vHe made a speech,which I thoughtI thought was of great importance.vJimmy is the boy,who everybody believeseverybody believes will win the first prize in the singing competition.第28页，此课件共47页哦CLASSICAL QUESTIONS ,v在上述句子中，I thought,everybody believes是插入语，还有I suppose,everybody knows等在定语从句中出现，容易受其迷惑而用错关系词。比如在上述第二句中就不能用“whom”，因为“who”是从句的主语，而“everybody believes”是插入语。因此在有插入语的定语从句中，考虑用什么关系代词或副词时，可暂时不考虑插入语，以免受其迷惑。第29页，此课件共47页哦1Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_thesailingtimewas226days.(2004全国卷全国卷)A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich第30页，此课件共47页哦2.Iworkinabusiness_almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.(2004湖南卷湖南卷)A.howB.whichC.whereD.that第31页，此课件共47页哦3.Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes_peoplewereeatenbythetiger.(2005广东卷广东卷)A.inwhichB.bywhichC.whichD.that第32页，此课件共47页哦4.Werejusttryingtoreachapoint_bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.(2006山东卷山东卷)A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which第33页，此课件共47页哦5.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_Ireallyenjoyed.(2006浙江卷浙江卷)A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which第34页，此课件共47页哦6.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_wantedtobuyit.(2007安徽卷安徽卷)A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom第35页，此课件共47页哦7.Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,_hefoundajobinabigcompany.(2007辽宁卷辽宁卷)A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthis第36页，此课件共47页哦1.Theperson_youshouldwritetoisMr.Ball.2.Thepersonto_youshouldwriteisMr.Ball.3.Thegames_hecompetedinwereswimmingandshooting.4.Thegamesin_hecompetedwereswimmingandshooting.who/that/whomwhomwhich/thatwhichCompletethefollowingsentencesusingattributiveclauses.第37页，此课件共47页哦5.Thepoorboy_lostbothhisparentslastyearliveswithhisgrandfather.6.Thisisthefactory_heworkedtenyearsago.7.Thisisthefactory_makestoys.8.Heistheboy_familywaspoor.9.Thepen_heiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.who/thatwhere/inwhichwhosewhich/thatwithwhich第38页，此课件共47页哦单句改错单句改错v1.Anyone who break the law will be severely v punished.v2.We can take steps to cut the amount of carbon dioxide that sent out into the air.v3.He is one of the students who has been praised by our teacher.v4.He is the only one of the students who have been praised by our teacher.第39页，此课件共47页哦单句改错单句改错v5.He bought many books yesterday,most of them are written in English.v6.The way in which he mentioned at the meeting is quite good.v7.We will never forget the days we spent on the farm then.v8.He was admitted to a key university last year,it made his parents proud.第40页，此课件共47页哦定语从句注意事项v 学科：英语v 年级：高一v 内容：语法专项v 学校：山丹一中v 教师姓名：邹秀玲第41页，此课件共47页哦定语从句注意事项v1.关系代词代替先行词在定从中作主语时，定从谓动必须遵循时态和语态规则。veg:Do you know the man who is talking to our head teacher?veg:The mountain climbers who were trapped in the storm were finally saved.第42页，此课件共47页哦定语从句注意事项v2.定语从句中的主谓一致问题：veg:He told the news to those who were present at the meeting.v3.先行词在定从中所做的成分必须用词替代。veg:The watch I bought it(it取掉)yesterday has gone wrong.v4.关系代词的省略：仅是代替先行词在定从中作宾语时。第43页，此课件共47页哦定语从句注意事项veg:The expert we visited last week is from Shanghai.v5.先行词是人且在从句中作宾语时关系代词可以是that,whom,who,或不填。v6.that,why不能引导非限定性定从，其余均可且用法同限定性定从一样。第44页，此课件共47页哦定语从句注意事项v7.非限定性定从与简单句和并列句的差别。eg:She has two sons,both of whom are doctors.vShe has two sons.Both of them are doctors.vShe has two sons,and both of them are doctors.第45页，此课件共47页哦定语从句注意事项v8.先行词是时间，地点，原因时，定从的引导词要分情况。先行词在定从中作主语，宾语时，用that,which。作状语时，用when,where（可用介词加which替换）,why或for which。第46页，此课件共47页哦感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第47页，此课件共47页哦