管理信息系统GLOBALEBUSINESSANDCOLLABORATION.pptx

Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONDefine and describe business processes and their relationship to information systems.Evaluate the role played by systems serving the various levels of management in a business and their relationship to each other.Explain how enterprise applications improve organizational performance.Learning Objectives1第1页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONExplain the importance of collaboration and teamwork in business and how they are supported by technology.Assess the role of the information systems function in a business.Learning Objectives(cont.)2第2页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONProblem:Using IT to win the Americas Cup raceSolutions:New technology for physical engineering of boat;sensor network to monitor conditions and data analysis to improve the performance of sails and more.IBM Oracle Database 11g data management software provided real time analysis of boats sensor data.Demonstrates ITs role in fostering innovation and improving performance.Illustrates the benefits of using data analysis and IT to improve productsAmericas Cup 2010:USA Wins with Information Technology3第3页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONBusiness processes:Workflows of material,information,knowledgeSets of activities,stepsMay be tied to functional area or be cross-functionalBusinesses:Can be seen as collection of business processesBusiness processes may be assets or liabilitiesBusiness Processes and Information Systems4第4页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONExamples of functional business processesManufacturing and productionAssembling the productSales and marketingIdentifying customersFinance and accountingCreating financial statementsHuman resourcesHiring employeesBusiness Processes and Information Systems5第5页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONBusiness Processes and Information SystemsThe Order Fulfillment ProcessFulfilling a customer order involves a complex set of steps that requires the close coordination of the sales,accounting,and manufacturing functions.FIGURE 2-16第6页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONInformation technology enhances business processes in two main ways:1.Increasing efficiency of existing processesAutomating steps that were manual2.Enabling entirely new processes that are capable of transforming the businessesChange flow of informationReplace sequential steps with parallel stepsEliminate delays in decision makingBusiness Processes and Information Systems7第7页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONTransaction processing systemsPerform and record daily routine transactions necessary to conduct businessExamples:sales order entry,payroll,shippingAllow managers to monitor status of operations and relations with external environmentServe operational levelsServe predefined,structured goals and decision makingTypes of Information Systems8第8页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONTypes of Information SystemsA Payroll TPSA TPS for payroll processing captures employee payment transaction data(such as a time card).System outputs include online and hard-copy reports for management and employee paychecks.FIGURE 2-29第9页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONManagement information systemsServe middle managementProvide reports on firms current performance,based on data from TPSProvide answers to routine questions with predefined procedure for answering themTypically have little analytic capabilityTypes of Information Systems10第10页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONTypes of Information SystemsHow Management Information Systems Obtain Their Data from the Organizations TPSIn the system illustrated by this diagram,three TPS supply summarized transaction data to the MIS reporting system at the end of the time period.Managers gain access to the organizational data through the MIS,which provides them with the appropriate reports.FIGURE 2-311第11页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONTypes of Information SystemsSample MIS ReportThis report,showing summarized annual sales data,was produced by the MIS in Figure 2-3.FIGURE 2-412第12页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONDecision support systemsServe middle managementSupport non-routine decision makingExample:What is impact on production schedule if December sales doubled?Often use external information as well from TPS and MISModel driven DSSVoyage-estimating systemsData driven DSSIntrawests marketing analysis systemsTypes of Information Systems13第13页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONTypes of Information SystemsVoyage-Estimating Decision Support SystemThis DSS operates on a powerful PC.It is used daily by managers who must develop bids on shipping contracts.FIGURE 2-514第14页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONBusiness intelligenceClass of software applicationsAnalyze current and historical data to find patterns and trends and aid decision-makingUsed in systems that support middle and senior managementData-driven DSS Executive support systems(ESS)Types of Information Systems15第15页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONExecutive support systemsSupport senior managementAddress non-routine decisionsRequiring judgment,evaluation,and insightIncorporate data about external events(e.g.new tax laws or competitors)as well as summarized information from internal MIS and DSSExample:Digital dashboard with real-time view of firms financial performance:working capital,accounts receivable,accounts payable,cash flow,and inventoryTypes of Information Systems16第16页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONSystems from a constituency perspectiveTransaction processing systems:supporting operational level employeesManagement information systems and decision-support systems:supporting managersExecutive support systems:supporting executivesTypes of Information Systems17第17页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONRelationship of systems to one anotherTPS:Major source of data for other systemsESS:Recipient of data from lower-level systemsData may be exchanged between systemsIn reality,most businesses systems are only loosely integrated(but they are getting better!)Types of Information Systems18第18页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsRead the Interactive Session and discuss the following questionsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsRead the Interactive Session and discuss the following questionsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONDescribe RocketThemes business model and business strategy.What challenges is it facing?What systems have the company used or planned to use to overcome these challenge?What types of systems are they?What role will each play in helping RocketTheme overcome these challenges?What other types of system could help RocketTheme overcome its challenges?Types of Information SystemsROCKETTHEME:THRIVING ON THE WEB19第19页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONEnterprise applicationsSystems for linking the enterpriseSpan functional areasExecute business processes across firmInclude all levels of managementFour major applications:Enterprise systemsSupply chain management systemsCustomer relationship management systemsKnowledge management systemsTypes of Information Systems20第20页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONTypes of Information SystemsEnterprise Application ArchitectureEnterprise applications automate processes that span multiple business functions and organizational levels and may extend outside the organization.FIGURE 2-621第21页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONEnterprise systemsCollects data from different firm functions and stores data in single central data repositoryResolves problem of fragmented,redundant data sets and systemsEnable:Coordination of daily activitiesEfficient response to customer orders(production,inventory)Provide valuable information for improving management decision makingTypes of Information Systems22第22页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONSupply chain management(SCM)systems Manage firms relationships with suppliersShare information aboutOrders,production,inventory levels,delivery of products and servicesGoal:Right amount of products to destination with least amount of time and lowest costTypes of Information Systems23第23页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONCustomer relationship management systems:Provide information to coordinate all of the business processes that deal with customers in sales,marketing,and service to optimize revenue,customer satisfaction,and customer retentionIntegrate firms customer-related processes and consolidate customer information from multiple communication channelsTypes of Information Systems24第24页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONKnowledge management systems(KMS)Support processes for acquiring,creating,storing,distributing,applying,integrating knowledgeHow to create,produce,distribute products and servicesCollect internal knowledge and experience within firm and make it available to employeesLink to external sources of knowledgeTypes of Information Systems25第25页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONAlternative tools that increase integration and expedite the flow of informationIntranets:Internal company Web sites accessible only by employeesExtranets:Company Web sites accessible externally only to vendors and suppliersOften used to coordinate supply chainTypes of Information Systems26第26页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONE-businessUse of digital technology and Internet to drive major business processesE-commerceSubset of e-businessBuying and selling goods and services through InternetE-government:Using Internet technology to deliver information and services to citizens,employees,and businessesTypes of Information Systems27第27页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONCollaboration:Short-lived or long-termInformal or formal(teams)Growing importance of collaboration:Changing nature of workGrowth of professional work “interaction jobs”Changing organization of the firmChanging scope of the firmEmphasis on innovationChanging culture of workSystems for Collaboration and Teamwork28第28页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONBusiness benefits of collaboration and teamworkInvestments in collaboration technology can produce organizational improvements returning high ROIBenefits:ProductivityQualityInnovationCustomer serviceFinancial performanceProfitability,sales,sales growthSystems for Collaboration and Teamwork29第29页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONSystems for Collaboration and TeamworkRequirements for CollaborationSuccessful collaboration requires an appropriate organizational structure and culture,along with appropriate collaboration technology.FIGURE 2-730第30页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONBuilding a collaborative culture and business processes“Command and control”organizations No value placed on teamwork or lower-level participation in decisionsCollaborative business cultureSenior managers rely on teams of employeesPolicies,products,designs,processes,systems rely on teamsManagers purpose is to build teamsSystems for Collaboration and Teamwork31第31页/共40页Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsCHAPTER 2:GLOBAL E-BUSINESS AND COLLABORATIONTechnology for collaboration and teamwork15 categories of collaborative software toolsEmail and instant messaging White boardingCollaborative writing Web presentingCollaborative reviewingWork schedulingEvent schedulingDocument sharing/wikisFile sharingMind mappingScreen sharingLarge audience WebinarsAudio conferencingCo-browsingVideo conferencingSystems fo