英语公开课名词性从句.pptx

英语句子的种类简单句 (simple sentence)并列句(compoundsentence)复合句(complexsentence)英语句子概论第1页/共49页简单句的五种基本句型The weather is very cold.主语+谓语（连系动词）+表语He laughed.主语+谓语（vi.）I like Chinese food.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语She taught them physics.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语We must keep the room warm.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾语补足语 第2页/共49页并列句把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来。IturnedontheTV.MysisterandIwatchedit.I turned on the TV and my sister and I watched it.Iboughtmysisterapresent.Shedidntlikeit.I bought my sister a present,but she didnt like it.并列句并列句常用并列连词:平行并列连词:转折并列连词：因果并列连词:选择并列连词:and,bothand,notonlybutalso,neithernorbut,however,while,yet,or,eitherorfor,so第3页/共49页复合句:主句+从句 名词性从句 定语从句 状语从句1.The boy who is standing over there is Tom2.Because it is raining,we have to stay at home 定语从句 状语从句3.I know(that)he is from America(宾语从句）名词性从句-第4页/共49页NounClauses(名词性从句)Subject Clause (主语从句)Appositive Clause（同位语从句）Object Clause（宾语从句）Predicative Clause（表语从句）第5页/共49页Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句 名词性从句名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。同位语从句同位语从句第6页/共49页Object Clauses 宾语从句第7页/共49页Conjunctions of Noun ClausesConjunctions of Noun Clauses(引导名词性从句的关联词):从属连词从属连词(不作成分）不作成分）连接代词连接代词（作成分）（作成分）连接副词连接副词（作状语）（作状语）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,ifwhen,where,how,why第8页/共49页一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）1.that1.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是由由陈陈述述句句转转变变而而来来时时（包包括括肯肯定定句句和和否否定定句句），连连词词由由that引引导导，因因为为that在在从从句句中中不不作作任任何何成成分分，也也没没有有任任何何具具体体意意思思，因因此在口语或非正式文体中此在口语或非正式文体中常省略常省略。vLinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.2.宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；（2）当that从句作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句。Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.第9页/共49页3.在在主主句句为为动动词词be加加某某些些形形容容词词（如如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等等）作作表表语语时时，后后面所跟的省略面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是的从句也可算是宾语从句。宾语从句。vImsorry(that)Idontknow.vWeresure(that)ourteamwillwin.vImafraid(that)hewontpasstheexam.第10页/共49页当当宾宾语语从从句句是是由由一一般般疑疑问问句句变变来来时时时时，由由连连词词whether或或if引导，引导，“是否是否”，不能省略。，不能省略。(1).Lilywantedtoknow_hergrandmalikedthehandbag.(2).Letssee_wecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.(3).Sheaskedme-shecouldborrowthesebooks.注意 whether和if的使用区别:1).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句 a.当有or not时就用whether,不用if.I dont know whether or not I will stay.b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.2.whether/ifif/whetherif/whetherif/whether第11页/共49页Practice timeif/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2.Were worried about _ he is safe.3.I dont know _ he is well or not.4.I dont know _ or not he is well.5.I dont know _ I should go.if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if_ to go.whether第12页/共49页3.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是由由特特殊殊疑疑问问句句转转变变而而来来时时，由由疑疑问问词词（what,who,whom,which,whosewhen,where,how,why等等）引引导导，因因为为疑疑问问词词在在从从句句中中担担任任一一定定的的句句子子成成分分，具具有一定的意义，所以有一定的意义，所以不可以省略。不可以省略。vDoyouknow-hesaidjustnow?vIdontremember-wearrived.vIaskedhim-Icouldgetsomuchmoney.vPleasetellme-wehavetosee.vDoyouknow-timetheplaneleaves?whatwhenwherewho whomwhat第13页/共49页二、时态二、时态1.1.如如果果主主句句是是现现在在的的时时态态 （包包括括一一般般现现在在时时 ，现现在在进进行行时时，现现在在完完成成时时），从从句句的的时时态态可可根根 据据实实际际情情况况而而定定，（包包括括一一般般现现在在时时，一一般般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）。过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）。vIknowhe_-here.(live)vIknowhe-heretenyearsago.(live)vIhaveheardthathe-tomorrow.(come)2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）I knew who-here.(live)I saw she _-her mother.(talk)He asked whether his father _tomorrow.(come back)He said that he _it.(see)3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。The teacher said that the earth-around the sun.The teacher said that the earth-around the sun.（traveltravel）liveslivedwill cometravelstravelslivedwas talking withwould come backhad seen第14页/共49页三、语序三、语序宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述语序陈述语序：连接词：连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分。其他成分。1.Idontknowwhatisthematterthetroublewrongwithhim.2.Idontknowwhodidit.3.Idontknowwhoishe1.When will he go to the library?1 His brother asks when he will go to the library.2 His brother asks when will he go to the library.2.What does he want to buy?1 I dont know what he wants to buy.2 I dont know what does he want to buy.第15页/共49页1.WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoWangdidnotcomeyesterday.2.Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.注意：注意：it常可以放在动词常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为等后作为形式宾语形式宾语,真真正的宾语正的宾语-that从句则放在句尾从句则放在句尾.*_(我们觉得很奇怪)shedidntgotoschooltoday.Wethinkitstrangethat第16页/共49页1.1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whetherA.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.2.Wedontknow_theydidit.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.whichA.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.3.TheThe teacherteacherasksasks usus _ JimJim cancan comecome backback onontime.time.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattimeA.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime 4.4.DoesDoesanybodyanybodyknowknow_wewewillwillhavehavea asportssportsmeetingthisweekendornot.meetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatA.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC第17页/共49页5.Couldyoushowme_?5.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationA.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestationD.howIcanreachthestation6.Pleasetellme_.6.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeA.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike7.Mysistertoldhim_.7.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedA.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD第18页/共49页8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisA.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitisC.whoisitD.whoitis9.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?9.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchA.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina10.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.10.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.A.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoA.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgoBCD第19页/共49页Subject Clauses 主语从句第20页/共49页Conjunctions of Noun ClausesConjunctions of Noun Clauses(引导名词性从句的关联词):从属连词从属连词(不作成分）不作成分）连接代词连接代词（作成分）（作成分）连接副词连接副词（作状语）（作状语）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,when,where,how,why第21页/共49页1.iscertain.（我们将迟到了）2._isknowntoall.(地球是圆的)3._isapity(你错过了这次机会)ThattheearthisroundThatyoumissedthechance二whether是否，表不确定的事情.引导词That we shall be latehurts him so much.（她离开他）一.that _-_-只起引导作用，不充当成分，但不能省略。没有意义。1).That she left him_ is not easy to say(他是否会来这）2)Whether he will come here(If he will come here.)3)_is more practice.(我们所需要的）what 在从句中作宾语。4）is under discussion.When 在从句中作状语What we needWhen we will begin the meeting“if”不能引导主语从句三。其他疑问词第22页/共49页注意一:主语从句后置!为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.-2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.-Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.Itsknowntoallthattheearthisround.-Its certain that we shall be late.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:It is+adj/n that(strange/a pity)It is+v ed that.(said/reported.由连词 whether,连接代词 what,who,which和连接副词 when,where,why,how 等引导,也常常后置:第23页/共49页Who will do it _been decided(have/has)What he needs _ that book.What he needs _ some books.isare注意三：What 与 that 引导主语从句what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,而that则不然,它在句子中只起连接作用。.(1)_you said yesterday is right.(2)_she is still alive is a puzzleWhatThat注意：主语从句中，谓语动词一般用单数注意二What引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定第24页/共49页1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.A.That B.Why C.What D.How 2._well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A If B Whether C That D Where 3._ is known to us all is that America is a developed country_the First World.a.Which;belong to b.As,belonged to c.What;belonging to d.It;belonging to第25页/共49页4.Itsknowntousall_aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto5.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when6.WhatIsayandthink_noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave第26页/共49页Predicative Clauses 表语从句第27页/共49页从属连词从属连词(不作成分）不作成分）连接代词连接代词（作成分）（作成分）连接副词连接副词（作状语）（作状语）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,asif/asthoughwhen,where,how,why.because表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem表语从句The question is _we can rely on him.Thats _we were in need of money at that time.He looked _he was going to cry.Thats _I was late.whetherbecauseas ifwhy第28页/共49页1.Thats_thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis_heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis_theyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger_shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when第29页/共49页appositive Clauses 同位语从句第30页/共49页同位语从句 1.跟在某些名词后面，对该名词作进一步解释说明。常用名词有belief,fact,idea,hope,news,doubt,result,thought,information,opinion等。Suggestion,suggest order demand wish等2.常用连词：that;when,where,why,howe.g.1.消息传来，拿破仑要来视察他的军队。Word came that Napoleon would come and inspect his grand army.Its the question how he did it.3同位语从句多用that 引导，无意义，不可省。2.问题是他如何做这件事的4.在have no idea之后用wh-引导同位语从句I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.第31页/共49页1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./We heard the news last night._ The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot._We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.第32页/共49页4.Time travel is possible./There is no scientific proof for the idea.5.Chinese students should be given more free time./The suggestion is welcomed by many people,especially kids in school.3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./Many British parents hold the view._Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online._There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible._The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people,especially kids in school.第33页/共49页1.We expressed the hope that they had expected.2.We expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句3.连词that在同位语从句中不可省略,而在定语从句中当它充当宾语时可以省略。区别that引导的同位语从句和定语从句：1.引导同位语的连词that在句中不作任何句子成分，而在定语从句中，that充当的可以是从句的主语或宾语等2.同位语从句是对前面名词的内容的具体说明，而定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰，解释为“.的”3.The fact that she works hard is well known to us all.1.The news that our team has won the game was true.2.The news that he told me yesterday was true同位语从句定语从句同位语从句第34页/共49页判断:定语从句or同位语从句1.The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.2.The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups.3.The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.4.The news that we got last week is true.5.The question that we discussed yesterday is a difficult one.(定语从句)(同位语从句)(同位语从句)(定语从句)(定语从句)第35页/共49页1._made the school proud was _more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.A What/because B What/that C That/what D That/because2._she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A What/why B That/what C What/because D Why/that BAB3.He is absent from school.It is _ he is seriously ill.A.why B.because C.that D.the reason4 _has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever 5.Information has been put forward _ more graduates will be admitted into universities.A that B how C where D what DA第36页/共49页6-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that _you had a few days off?A why B when C what D where 7-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?-Oh,thats _.A what makes me feel excited B whatever I feel excited about C how I feel about it D when I feel excited AA第37页/共49页9._ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A What B That C This D Which 10.When you answer questions in a job interview,please remember the golden rule:Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants.A what B which C when D that 11.We made the suggestion that he _ his work.A continues B continue C continued D had continued BAB第38页/共49页12.Therewillbeaspecialpricefor_buysthingsinlargenumberhere.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.Whomever13.Marywroteanarticleon_theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that(05)14.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept_helphecanget.(05)A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever第39页/共49页14.Manynewspaperprintedthegovernorsstatement_wouldsupportataxcut.A.andheB.wasthatheCwhichheDthathe15._manmustfearwhentravelinginspaceisradiationfromthesun.A.WhichB.HowC.WhatD.That16.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.HoweverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever第40页/共49页16.She received the message _ he would come by plane.A.that B.which C.what D.when17.Energy is _ makes things work.A.what B.something C.anything D.that18.Our city has changed a lot,and now it is quite different from _ a few years ago.A.what it used to be B.that it used to be C.which it used to be D.what was it第41页/共49页19.Weallknowthetruth_thereareair,waterandsunlight,therearelivingthings.A.whereverB.whereC.thatD.thatwherever20.Thetruevalueoflifeisnotin_,but_.A.howyouget;thatyougiveB.whichyouget;whatyougiveC.whatyouget;whatyougiveD.whatdoyouget;whatdoyougive21._isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It第42页/共49页ThenewsthatLiuXiangwonthe110hurdlesBroughtChinesegreathappiness.News,broughtChinesegreathappiness.Liu Xiangthe 110 hurdlesMake a sentence30第43页/共49页 the cat domade What the cat did made the baby cry.WhatcryMake a sentence30第44页/共49页dont konwwhat dowhere goThe man doesnt know where he should go and what he should do.Make a sentence30第45页/共49页talk aboutthe use of cell phone What they are talking about is the use of cell phone.Make a sentence30第46页/共49页report,getthehighestpoints,matchItisreportedthatYaoMinggotthehighestpointsinthematch.Make a sentence30第47页/共49页It makes the teacher angry that the child doesnt know the answer.teacher angryDont know the answerMake a sentence30第48页/共49页感谢您的观看！第49页/共49页