跨文化交际学习.pptx

Textbook跨文化商务交际，王维波、车丽娟，2008年版，外语教学与研究出版社，ISBN 978-7-5600-7133-6。第1页/共40页Grading DistributionAttendance&Participation:5 pointsAssignments:15 pointsMid-term Exam:40 points(Chapter 1-4)Final Exam:40 points(Chapter 5-8)Total:100 points第2页/共40页ContentsChapter 1 Culture,Communication,Intercultural Communication(Week 1-2)Chapter 2 Verbal Communication(Week 3-4)Chapter 3 Nonverbal Communication(Week 5-6)Chapter 4 Cultural Values(Week 7-8)Mid-Term Exam(Week 9)第3页/共40页Contents(contd)Chapter 5 Cultural Shock(Week 10-11)Chapter 6 Business Etiquette and Social Customes (Week 12-13)Chapter 7 Business Negotiation Across Cultures (Week 14-15)Chapter 8 Intercultural Management(Week 16-17)Final Exam(Week 18)第4页/共40页Chapter 1Introduction1.Culture2.Communication3.Intercultural Communication第5页/共40页1.Culture1.1Definitions1.2Metaphors1.3Characteristics第6页/共40页1.1 Definition Culture is the deposit of knowledge,experience,beliefs,values,attitudes,meanings,and material objects and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving.-Samovar and Porter第7页/共40页1.2 Metaphors1.The Culture IcebergCulture above the waterline(10%)=表层Culture below the waterline(90%)=中层和核心层2.The Culture OnionCulture in the outer layer 表层Culture in the middle layer 中层 Culture in the inner nucleus layer 核心层第8页/共40页1.3 CharacteristicsSharedLearnedSymbolicIntegratedDynamicEthnocentric第9页/共40页2.Communication2.1Definitions2.2Business Communication2.3Patterns2.4Communication and Culture第10页/共40页2.1 DefinitionCommunication is the process by which information is exchanged between individual through.,as by speech,signals,writing,or behavior.Coleman,2005第11页/共40页ContdCommunication can be defined as dynamic,symbolic,transactional and contextual process in which people create shared meaning or messages.第12页/共40页2.2 Business CommunicationBusiness communication is a dynamic,multi-channeled process,which covers internal as well as external communication in a given organization.-Xu,2001第13页/共40页2.3 PatternsUpward CommunicationDownward CommunicationLateral Communication第14页/共40页Pattern 1Upward CommunicationLower Level Higher LevelFlowing from subordinates to superiors,usually concerning employees comments about themselves,their reactions about others,their reactions to practices and policies,and their thoughts about their work*Advantages&Disadvantages第15页/共40页Pattern 2Downward CommunicationHigher Level Lower LevelFlowing from the top of the organizational management hierarchy,telling people in the organization what is important(mission)and what is valued(policy)*Advantages&Disadvantages第16页/共40页Pattern 3Lateral CommunicationSame LevelAlso called horizontal communicationRefers to the communication at the same level in an organization*Advantages第17页/共40页3.Intercultural Communication3.1Definitions3.2Barriers3.3Communication in the Global Village第18页/共40页3.1 DefinitionIntercultural communication is defined as communication between people of different cultural backgrounds.-Hu Wenzhong(胡文仲)第19页/共40页3.2 BarriersGeert Hofstede Language differencesNonverbal communicationStereotypesCultural bias on judgmentsHigh level of stress第20页/共40页Language DifferencesHave a good mastery of the foreign language and ask for clarification when we are puzzled.第21页/共40页Nonverbal CommunicationDont use the nonverbal communication signs until we are familiar with them.Remind ourselves that our nonverbal communication signs might be different from those of other culture.第22页/共40页StereotypesKnow about other cultures as much as possible.Make all our efforts to increase awareness of our own preconceptions and the stereotypes of cultures we encounter.第23页/共40页Cultural Bias on JudgmentsWe cannot judge someone from another culture by our own cultural values,but firstly we have to know and understand their cultural values.第24页/共40页High Level of StressWork hard to remove intercultural barriers.Be tolerant of others and ourselves.第25页/共40页3.3 Global CommunicationHow to ensure a successful communication?Identify the normsUnderstand other culturesKnow more of the worldview and other communication styles第26页/共40页Geert HofstedeInfluential Dutch organizational sociologistStudy the interactions between national cultures and organizational culturesCultures ConsequencesFive Dimensions of Culture第27页/共40页Five Dimensions of CultureSmall vs.Large Power DistanceIndividualism vs.CollectivismMasculinity vs.FemininityWeak vs.Strong Uncertainty AvoidanceLong vs.Short Term Orientation第28页/共40页Small vs.Large Power DistanceHow much the less powerful members of organizations expect and accept that power is distributed unequally.Not measure“real”power distribution,but rather the way people perceive power differences.第29页/共40页ContdSmall Power Distance(Australia,Denmark)People expect and accept power relations that are more consultative or democratic.Large Power Distance(Malaysia)The less powerful accept power relations that are autocratic or paternalistic.第30页/共40页Individualism vs.CollectivismHow much members of the culture define themselves apart from their group memberships.Move toward the individualist end of the spectrum with increasing national wealth.第31页/共40页ContdIndividualist Culture(United States)People are expected to develop and display their individual personalities and to choose their own affiliations.Collectivist Culture(China)People are defined and act mostly as a member of a long-term group,such as the family or a religious group.第32页/共40页Masculinity vs.FemininityMasculine CulturePeople value competitiveness,ambition,and the accumulation of wealth.Feminine CulturePeople value relationships and quality of life.第33页/共40页Uncertainty AvoidanceHow much members of a society are anxious about the unknown.Strong Uncertainty AvoidancePeople prefer explicit rules and formally structured activities.Weak Uncertainty AvoidancePeople prefer implicit rules and informal activities.第34页/共40页Long vs.Short Term OrientationThe importance attached to the future vs.the past and presentLong-Term Oriented CulturePeople value actions and attitudes that affect the future.Short-Term Oriented CulturePeople value actions and attitudes that are affected by the past or the present.第35页/共40页SummaryCulture-definition,metaphors,characteristicsCommunication-definition,patternsIntercultural Communication-definition,barriers第36页/共40页Discussion QuestionsPage 21-22第37页/共40页Case StudyQuestion:Why didnt Sam perform his work successfully together with his Saudi Arabian labors?第38页/共40页HW1Page 22Q4 and Q5打印在A4纸上，格式要求如下：第一行：HW1(1为作业次数，以后依次类推），置中，加粗，Times New Roman 字体，四号第二行：学号（中间4个空格）姓名（用汉字），置中，加粗，Times New Roman 字体，四号第三行开始写正文：Times New Roman 字体，小四号，1.5倍行距Date for submission:Mar.11第39页/共40页感谢您的观看！第40页/共40页