英语句子成分讲解清晰版90365.pptx
句子的成分主主语语谓谓语语表表语语宾宾语语定定语语 状状语语补补语语第1页/共21页一）主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。主语一般位于_ Walls have ears.He will take you to the hospital.Three plus four equals seven.To see is to believe.Smoking is not allowed in public places.Whether or not they will come depends on the weather.二）谓语由_担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。说明主语做什么或怎么样。Action speaks louder than words.The chance may never come again.Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994.动词/动词短语名词名词代词代词数词数词to do不定式不定式动名词动名词句子句子句首第2页/共21页三）表语 它的位置在_之后。是用来说明主语的_,_,_的.My father is a professor.Whos that?Its me.The match became very exciting.The story of my life may be of help to others.Three times five is fifteen.His plan is to seek work in the city.My first idea was that you should hide your feelings.系动词、连系动词系动词、连系动词性质性质特征特征状态状态名词名词 n代词代词 pron.形容词形容词 adj.介词短语介词短语数词数词不定式不定式句子句子第3页/共21页（四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在_之后。_词后也会跟宾语。She covered her face with her hands.We havent seen her for a long time.Do you mind opening the window?Give me four please.He wants to dream a nice dream.We need know what others are doing.动词动词/动词短语动词短语介词介词名词名词 n代词代词 pron.动名词动名词代词和数词代词和数词to do不定式不定式句子句子第4页/共21页（五）定语 是修饰_词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之_；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之_。They are woman workers.Toms father didnt write home until yesterday.Mary is a beautiful girl.The play has three acts.This is her first trip to Europe.China is a developing country.I have nothing to eat.Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here.名名前前后后 名词名词名词所有格名词所有格形容词形容词 adj数词数词形容词形容词/序数词序数词/不定式不定式现在分词现在分词to do 不定式从句从句第5页/共21页六）状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词.一般表示发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度结果、条件、让步、伴随情况等意义。The best fish swim near the bottom.I left the village five years ago.I arrived late because of the traffic jam.Well send a car to fetch you.The fish can eat a person in two minutes,leaving only bones.The students came into the classroom,singing and dancing.If he goes,so will I.Though he is a child,he knows a lot.地点状语地点状语时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语目的状语目的状语结果状语结果状语伴随状语伴随状语条件状语条件状语让步状语让步状语第6页/共21页七）宾语补足语。英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。They elected me captain of the team.We try to make our country strong.We found everything in good order there.I should advise you to get the chance.I saw him going upstairs.They found the house broken in.名词名词形容词形容词介词短语介词短语to do 不定式不定式现在分词现在分词 过去分词过去分词宾语和宾语补足语一起构成宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动词的复合结构动词的复合结构第7页/共21页八）主语补足语 如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾语成为主语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语I was elected captain of the team.Our country will be made strong.与宾语补足语一样与宾语补足语一样第8页/共21页二.五种简单句基本句型主语+谓语+宾语主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语动动词词系动词系动词不及物动词不及物动词及及物物动动词词主语主语+系系+表语表语主语主语+谓语谓语第9页/共21页1）Our city is at the crossing of some important railways.主语 系动词 表语2）The city will become rich.主语 系动词 表语在这类结构中最常用的系动词是：“变化”类：_.“感官”类:_.“持续”类：_.其他：（似乎）_ _ (证明是)_get/become/turn/grow/gotaste/smell/feel/look/soundstay/keep/remainseem appearturn out/prove(to be)1 1主语主语 +系动词系动词 +表语表语第10页/共21页Exercises你的故事听起来很有趣。_.把鱼放在冰箱里，否则它会变坏的。_.这种炎热的天气将会保持几天。_.这个计划证明是可行的。_.You story sounded very interesting.Put the fish into the fridge,or they will go bad.The hot day will remain/stay/keep a few days.The plan turned out/proved (to be)practical.第11页/共21页2主语+谓语1）Building has started.主语 谓语2）The train leaves at 7:40.主语 谓语_搭配：The teacher teaches well.The child walks very slowly._搭配：The girl looked at the picture.The children ran to the forest.动词副词动词副词动词介词动词介词第12页/共21页Exercise我每天起的很早，走到小花园，坐在凳子上。小鸟在树上欢快的歌唱，鱼儿在池塘 里自由的嬉戏，我玩得也高兴._.Every day I get up early,walk to the park and sit on the bench.The birds sings happily in the tree,the fish plays freely in the pool and I also enjoys myself.第13页/共21页3主语+谓语+宾语1）The boss employed five more workers.主语 谓语 宾语2）My brother takes care of the vegetable garden.3）Few students like taking exams.4）He forgot to close the door.5）I hope I can speak English fluently.第14页/共21页Exercise他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。_他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快将其喝光。_他许诺给我一个礼物。_He drove so fast that he broke the traffic rules.He took out a bottle of beer and drank it up quickly.He promised to give me a gift.第15页/共21页4主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语1）He has fetched us some new textbooks.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语2）Grandma cooked us a nice meal.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 3）The man told the girl that he wants to test her the subject.4）The boy asked me if I could speak Chinese.第16页/共21页可接双宾语的常见动词有：ask,answer,give,offer,send,bring,pass,tell,show,teach,promise 顺便问一下，她把钱付给你了吗？_.下学期谁教你们生物？_.Mr.White告诉我为什么他要出国。_.By the way,has she paid you money?Who will teach you biology?Mr.White told me why he went abroad.第17页/共21页5主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语1）The villagers didnt allow them to do this.主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 2）I will keep the box in the shade.3）We found him a very good pupil.4）She let me stay in the company.第18页/共21页Exercise他总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净。_.我建议他多读点书。_.他修了机器。_.我们选他当班长。_.He always keeps his room cleanI suggest him reading more books.He had his machine repaired.We made him monitor.第19页/共21页第20页/共21页感谢您的观看！第21页/共21页
