高中英语语法动词时态.pptx

2 各时态的介绍与举例1 考点全析 3 时态辨析第1页/共57页构成形式一般体一般体完成体完成体进行体进行体完成进行体完成进行体现在时一般现在现在完成现在进行现在完成进行过去时一般过去过去完成过去进行过去完成进行将来时一般将来将来完成将来进行将来完成进行过去将来时一般过去将来过去将来完成过去将来进行过去将来完成进行体时第2页/共57页考点全析一般体一般体完成体完成体进行体进行体完成进行体完成进行体现在时过去时将来时过去将来时体时Do/doesDid Will/shall doShould/would doHave/has doneHad doneWill/shall have doneAm/is/are doingWas/were doingShall/will be doingDo/does第3页/共57页 第4页/共57页 一般过去时(simple past tense)核心用法：发生在过去，与现在无关结构：V-ed或特殊结构nowthen第5页/共57页practice（12天津）The three of us _around Europe for about a month last summer.A.travelled B.have travelled C.had travelled D.travel（11山东）When I got on the bus,I_ I had left my wallet at home.A.was realizingB.realizedC.have realizedD.would realize第6页/共57页现在完成时（话里有话）现在完成时（话里有话）核心用法：发生于过去核心用法：发生于过去，与现在有关，与现在有关.结构：结构：have/has+done影响性持续性第7页/共57页She has been a teacher for 20 years.I have finished my work 第8页/共57页 在“未完成”的现在完成时中，动作是从过去一直延续到现在的动作，因此动词一定是持续性的，非延续性动词不具备这个特点。因此，非延续性动词可以有现在完成时（表示已完成的动作），却不可以与表示一段时间的状语连用！Ihaveboughtthecarfortwomonths.Ihavehad/keptthecarfortwomonths.X第9页/共57页 但非延续性动词在否定句中，可以和段时间状语连用，表示一种状态，状态是可以延续的Ihaventseenyouforages.非延续-延续表示“没有见面这一状态Begin-be on die-be deadleave-be away from buy-haveGo -be away arrive-be hereBorrow-keep Come-be hereReturn-be back第10页/共57页在时间条件状语从句中，现在完成时表示将来完成意义Hewillcomeassoonashehas finished thehomework.Ifyouhave read thebookbeforeIleave,pleaselendittome.第11页/共57页高考链接（10全国1）Whenyouarehome,giveacalltoletmeknowyou_safely.A.arearrivingB.havearrivedC.hadarrivedD.willarrive（09全国2）Progress_sofarverygoodandwesurethattheworkwillbefinishedontime.A.wasB.hadbeenC.hasbeenD.willbe（13济南一模）-Areyoucomingtotheparty?-No,I_.AhadntinvitedBdidntinviteCwasntinvitedDhaventbeeninvited第12页/共57页一般过去与现在完成的区别第13页/共57页 I lost my key.I have lost my key.已完成性第14页/共57页未完成性(13济宁一模)-youseemtobefamiliarwiththiscity.-I_hereforthreeyears.Itsgreattobeback.AhavelivedBlivedChadlivedDliveB:thenA:now第15页/共57页高考链接(07福建)Danny_hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.A.worksB.isworkingC.hasworkedD.worked (2013济南二模)Sheisawell-knowndoctornow,butshe_asacleaneratthehospitalforfiveyearsAhasworkedBworkedChadworkedDworks 第16页/共57页一般现在时要点：现在的状态（具一定可持续性）经常习惯性动作.结构：原型/单三Hewritestohisparentsonceamonth.Somepeoplestillliveinpoverty.第17页/共57页特殊用法 1、客观真理、事实Light travels faster than sound.The moon The moon runsruns around the earth.around the earth.2、规定发生的动作（离开、起飞、节目表、日程表）leave,arrive,start,stay,return,begin,come等The train The train arrives arrives at 10:30.Theres plenty of time.at 10:30.Theres plenty of time.第18页/共57页 3、用于比赛、剧情介绍、书报标题、故事的叙述.Jack Jack throws throws the ball to John and John the ball to John and John catchescatches it.it.He He sits sits down,down,shiversshivers a little.Clock outside a little.Clock outside strikes strikes twelvetwelve.4、时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表将来动作.When you When you meetmeet him,tell him to come to my place.him,tell him to come to my place.But we wont go if it But we wont go if it rainsrains.第19页/共57页高考链接(10北京)InthespokenEnglishofsomeareasintheUS,thersoundsattheendofthewords.A.aredroppedB.dropC.arebeingdroppedD.havedropped（09福建）Accordingtotheliteraryreview,Shakespeare_hischaracterslivethroughtheirlanguageinhisplays.A.willmakeB.hadmadeC.wasmakingD.makes第20页/共57页 现在进行时用法：说话此刻、现阶段（说话时未必进行）正在进的动作或状态结构:am/is/are+ing The children The children are singing are singing a fine song.a fine song.The workers The workers are building are building a new factory.a new factory.第21页/共57页高考链接（11重庆）Thatpieceofmusicsoundsquitefamiliar.Who_thepianoupstairs?A.hasplayedB.playedC.playsD.isplaying（08重庆）Teenagerstheirhealthbecausetheyplaycomputergamestoomuch.A.havedamagedB.aredamagingC.damagedD.willdamage第22页/共57页现在进行时的特殊用法第23页/共57页1.表将来Go，come，stay，leave，start，begin，arrive，return，fly，drive,stop等非延续性动词 The train The train is arriving is arriving soon.soon.when when areare we we leaving leaving and when and when are are we we comingcoming backback?areare you you stayingstaying here for a long time?here for a long time?第24页/共57页高考链接(12(12湖南湖南)“The moment _ soon,”he thought to himself,waiting nervously.)“The moment _ soon,”he thought to himself,waiting nervously.A Acame Bcame Bhas come Chas come Cwas coming Dwas coming Dis comingis coming(12(12重庆重庆).Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _We must act immediately before theres).Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _We must act immediately before theres nothing left.nothing left.A.have run out B.are running out A.have run out B.are running out C.have been run out D.are being run outC.have been run out D.are being run out 第25页/共57页2.带感情色彩.与always,forever,constantly,continually,allthetime 等副词连用，表示不满、抱怨或赞美等情感HeHe is is always always thinking of thinking of others first.others first.thechildrenareconstantlydisturbingus.第26页/共57页要点：动作从故去某时开始 延续到现在，是否再继续，再来看题意现在完成进行时结构：have/has been doing一直 第27页/共57页Wehavebeenlookingforyouforanhour.ShehasbeenteachingEnglishsinceshegraduated.动作刚停止动作还在继续进行第28页/共57页高考链接（11北京）Tom in the library every night over the last three months.A.works B.worked C.have been working D.had been working(11全国)When Alice came to（醒来）,she did not know how long she there.A.had been lying B.has been lying C.was lying D.has lain第29页/共57页特殊用法-带情感Shes been saying that twenty times.He has been calling on her several times this week.第30页/共57页现在完成时与现在完成进行时区别 I have read Harry Potter.我读过哈利波特(动作完成)I have been reading Harry Potter.我一直在读哈利波特（动作未完成，强调时间持续性）对于非延续性动词，现在完成强调动作的完成性，着重结果；现在完成表示动作的进行，动作的持久性。第31页/共57页 状态动词、知觉动词或情感动词，如see,feel,know,love 等，不可用于现在完成进行时“一直”，或现在进行时，但feel可以用现在进行时。但可用于现在完成时I have known her for a long time.我认识他很久了I have been knowning her for a long time.X X第32页/共57页过去进行时用法：过去的某一时间正在进行或者 某阶段一直进行.结构：was/were+ing I was writing a letter when she came in.They were digging a railway tunnel last week.第33页/共57页过去进行时的特殊用法第34页/共57页1.表将来Go，come，stay，leave，start，begin，arrive，return，fly，drive,stop等非延续性动词She told me that she was leaving for Italy the next day.第35页/共57页2.带感情色彩.与always,forever,constantly,continually,allthetime 等副词连用.She was always ringing me up when I was in London.My brother was always losing his key.第36页/共57页高考链接（10全国1）HaveyoufinishedreadingJaneEyre?N0,Imyhomeworkalldayyesterday.A.wasdoingB.woulddoC.haddoneD.do第37页/共57页要点：过去的过去-|-|-|-那时以前B 那时A 现在过去完成时结构：had done.特殊用法第38页/共57页判断依据明显的时间状语-by的3种形式从句中有明显的动作先后从句固定句式第39页/共57页practice-时间状语She had learnt 2000 English words by the end of last month.I had reached the station before six oclock.I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night.第40页/共57页practice-从句They had already put the fire out when I returned to the village.（状语从句）She said that she had seen the film before.（宾语从句）若有主从两个句，先后动作分别叙。哪个在前哪“完成”，哪个在后哪“过去”.第41页/共57页固定句式1、在hardly/scarcely.when;nosooner.than句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时Ihadhardlyfinishedmyworkwhenhecametoseeme.注意2、表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时Itwasthefirsttimethathehadeverspokentoaforeigner第42页/共57页Hardly,nosooner至于句首构成部分倒装NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanthetelephonerang.第43页/共57页高考链接DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?(天津2006)No,nosooner_thanithappened.A.hadshegoneB.shehadgoneC.hasshegone D.shehasgone（11福建）Last month,the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they _From China.A.receive B.are receiving C.have received D.had received第44页/共57页(11辽宁)By the time Jack returned home from England,his son_ from college.A.graduated B.has graduated C.had been D.had graduated(10安徽)一Were you surprised by the ending of the film?一No.I_ the book,so I already knew the story.A.was reading B.had read C.am reading D.have read 第45页/共57页特殊用法如HopeHope，wishwish，plan,want,mean,plan,want,mean,intend,attempt,think,expectintend,attempt,think,expect等表示“打算、计划、希望、试图、认为”I had intended to come over to see you,but was prevented from doing so.IhadhopedtosendhimaChristmascard,butIforgottodoso.They had wanted to help but could not get here in time.第46页/共57页 现在完成与过去完成的区别现在完成：以现在作为基点。（句中不可有过去特定时间的状语）过去完成：以过去某个时间为基点。（句中有表示过去特定时间的状语）She had been ill for a week before she came back.She has been ill for a week.第47页/共57页过去将来时从过去某一时刻为起点，将要发生的动作或状态Would/should+doWas/weregoingto+do11年上海34.Didyoupredictthatmanystudents_upforthedancecompetition?A.wouldsignB.signedC.havesignedD.hadsigned第48页/共57页要点：将来的动作或存在的状态.shall 用于第一人称，will通用一般将来时结构：shall/will+动原第49页/共57页 I will take you there tomorrow.Later I shall tell you about some of the work I have done.第50页/共57页注意：willWill做情态“决心、意愿”非助动词Ifyouwontlistentous,justdoasyouplease.Will和begoingtodo的区别Begoingtodo既可指主观打算也可指客观迹象表明将要发生；Will往往指没有经过计划、临时出现的意图，常伴有说话者的主观意愿或将来必然发生的事情。I hope it will be fine tomorrow.The little is going to fall over.第51页/共57页1、Be going to do 将来时常用结构：2、Be to do3、Be about to do4、非延续性进行表将来第52页/共57页Be going to do They are going to hold a meeting to discuss it.The speech is going to be at 3 p.m on 9th October.I t looks as if it is going to rain.I feel Im going to make progress with her.第53页/共57页Be to do(1)I am to meet Mr.Brown at 7 oclock this morning.What am I to do?(2)The door is not to be opened.All the questions are to be answered at once.(3)Her plan is to be a failure.第54页/共57页Be about to do(1)The meeting is about to begin.(2)He is about to start on a journey.She was about to go to the cinema when I came.第55页/共57页Thanks!第56页/共57页感谢您的观看！第57页/共57页