同位语从句(教育精品).ppt
同位语从句同位语从句 同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某些名词的同同位语从句在句中作某些名词的同位语，说明该名词的内容。这些名位语，说明该名词的内容。这些名词常见的有，词常见的有，fact,news,hope,truth,idea,suggestion,thought,question,order,problem,belief,doubt,fear等等。引导同位语从句的连词通常有引导同位语从句的连词通常有that和和whether,what,why,how等。等。(1)They expressed the hope that they would come over to visit China again.(2)We all know the truth that the earth goes round the sun.(3)They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.(4)They problem whether it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.(5)I have no idea where he lives.n同位语从句与定语从句很像，但不一样：同位语从句与定语从句很像，但不一样：n同位语从句属于名词性从句，用来说明同位语从句属于名词性从句，用来说明所修饰名词的内容；引导词为连接代词所修饰名词的内容；引导词为连接代词或连接副词，其中或连接副词，其中that,whether不做不做成分。成分。n定语从句属于形容词性从句，用来界定定语从句属于形容词性从句，用来界定所修饰名词的范围、特征、属性或者补所修饰名词的范围、特征、属性或者补充说明所修饰名词的附属情况；引导词充说明所修饰名词的附属情况；引导词为关系代词或关系副词，其中为关系代词或关系副词，其中that必做必做成分。成分。试试比较：比较：He put forward the suggestion that the second question should be discussed first.（同位语从句）同位语从句）The suggestion that he had put forward was turn down.（定语从句）定语从句）注意注意：同位语从句和定语从句：同位语从句和定语从句的区别是：前者说明名词的内的区别是：前者说明名词的内容，后者说明名词的性质特征；容，后者说明名词的性质特征；前者所用连词前者所用连词that在从句中不在从句中不做成分，后者所用关系代词做成分，后者所用关系代词that在从句中做成分。在从句中做成分。Tell the difference1.The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.2.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.4.The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical.名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句包括包括主语从句、表语从主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句句、宾语从句和同位语从句。它的。它的功能相当于名词，引导名词性从句功能相当于名词，引导名词性从句的引导词归纳起来可分为以下三类。的引导词归纳起来可分为以下三类。连接词连接词that:不做成分不做成分,无意思无意思,不可不可 省省(宾语从句除外宾语从句除外)Whether/if(用于宾语从句用于宾语从句):不做成分不做成分,具备意思具备意思,不可省不可省What/how等特殊疑问词等特殊疑问词:做成分做成分,具备意思具备意思,不可不可省省 thatthat 1.That he will come is certain.2.The truth is that I have never been there3.They pretended(that)they were reading in the room.4.The fact that she had not said anything surprised all of us.His teacher said(that)the book was very interesting and that it was worth reading.Whether1.Whether she is coming or not doesnt matter too much.2.Our first question is whether you like music.3.I wonder whether it is true or not.4.The problem whether it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.Whether/ifwhether 和和 if 引导的宾语从句：引导的宾语从句：whether 和和 if 引导宾语从句时可以互换引导宾语从句时可以互换使用，但使用，但 下列情况只用下列情况只用whether不用不用if:（1）在在whether or not结构中结构中I dont know whether or not hell come.I wonder whether it is true or not.（2）介词介词+宾语从句宾语从句”Everything depends on whether the situation will improve.(3)whether+to doPlease tell me whether to go or not.（4）引导主语从句引导主语从句,表语从句及同位语从句表语从句及同位语从句Whether well go depends on the weather.The question is whether it is worth doing.What/how等特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句等特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句1.Where she has gone is not known yet.2.That is why she was absent yesterday.3.I didnt know what they were talking about.4.I have no idea when he will be back.补充补充:一一.几种常见的含主语从句句型几种常见的含主语从句句型1.以以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用句作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用句型有：型有：1.It+be+形容词形容词+that从句从句It is/was certain that clause clear important necessary probable possible（1）It is certain that she will do well in her exam.（2）It is probable that he told me everything.2、It+be+名词词组名词词组+that从句从句It is/was a pity that clause shame duty(1)It is a pity that we cant go.(2)It is no surprise that our team should have won the game.3、It+be+过去分词过去分词+that从句从句It is said that clause reported thought hoped believed known(1)It is said that he is the best student in the class.(2)It is thought that Joe drives badly.4、It+seem,happen,appear等不及物等不及物 动词动词+that从句。从句。(1)It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.(2)It happened that I was out that day.二二.表语从句还可用表语从句还可用as if/though,because/how/why等引导等引导比较下列两句话比较下列两句话：.It/This is because we are closer to the sun in summer than we are in winter.The reason why he didnt come was that he was ill.It looks as if it is going to rain.
