初中英语五种基本句型总结课件60841.pptx
英语五种基本句型：英语五种基本句型：基本句型一基本句型一:+（主谓）（主谓）基本句型二基本句型二:+（主系表）（主系表）基本句型三基本句型三:+O O （主谓宾）（主谓宾）基本句型四基本句型四:+IOIO+O O（主谓间宾（主谓间宾 直宾）直宾）基本句型五：基本句型五：+O O +（主谓宾宾补）（主谓宾宾补）第1页/共38页1.They work hard.主 +谓2.Plants need water.主+谓+宾 3.The flower is dead.主+系+表 4.He gives me some seeds.主+谓+直宾+间宾5.We should keep the plants in the shade.主+谓+宾+宾补第2页/共38页1.She sings.2.She sings songs.3.She is a singer.4.She sang him a song.5.She asked him to sing too.第3页/共38页1、Toms sister,Mary,sings wery well.2,Every morning she sings folk songs at the top of her voice near the window.3,If she works hard,she may become a famous singer some day.第4页/共38页4,Every morning,she sings countless songs to her brother,and give him no peace.5,Sometimes,naughty Mary would ask her angry brother to sing together with her.第5页/共38页 基本句型基本句型 一一 +（主谓）（主谓）此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。第6页/共38页e.work.run,live.stay,arrive.goto,lookat,listentoThesunwasshining.Wework.Themoonrose.第7页/共38页Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink.He runs in the park.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.Thepenwritessmoothly.Birds fly.Class begins.They also play together after school.第8页/共38页He often runs in the morning.He often walks after supper.He always swims in summer.Flowers grow in spring.He is lying under the tree.I live far away from school.We travel by bicycle.第9页/共38页 I get there at eight.The bus goes along Yuhua Road.The wind is blowing.The days start before 6 oclock.The bus stopped at the station.They live on the ninth floor.My eyes hurt.The students study hard.The sun shines in summer.第10页/共38页基本句型基本句型 二二 +O O （主谓宾）（主谓宾）共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词及物动词。第11页/共38页1.Who 2.She 3.He 4.He 5.They 6.Danny 7.I 8.He knows laugh at understands made ate likes want said the answer?her.English.cakes.some apples.donuts.to have a cup of tea.Good morning.第12页/共38页Whoknowstheanswer?Shesmiledherthanks.Hehasrefusedtohelpthem.Heenjoysreading.Theyatethree apples.第13页/共38页HesaidGoodmorning.Iwanttohaveacupoftea.Heoften plays football.I have two brothers.He never rides his bicycle to school We watch television after supper 第14页/共38页Stop talking.She likes her job.Birds are making their nests.My father read the book.They want to go.I know him very well Many people like traveling by bus.第15页/共38页You must listen to me.Look at the blackboard.I get on the bus.He looks after his brother.They put up a new hospital.第16页/共38页基本句型基本句型 三三（主系表）（主系表）共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词连系动词。第17页/共38页1、表示情况或状态：（1）、be,keep,seem,appear 状态（2）、feel,smell,sound,taste look,等感官动词变化而来（3）、keep,stay,continue,remain,go rise不及物动词变化而来。第18页/共38页2、表示主语变化过程：get,grow,become,turn，go,come等。be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。第19页/共38页ThisisanEnglish-Chinese dictionary.Thedinnersmellsgood.Hefellinlove.Everythinglooksdifferent.Heisgrowingtallandstrong.Thetrouble isthattheyare shortofmoney.第20页/共38页Ourwellhasgonedry.Hisfaceturnedred.It is an apple.Im thirteen years old.They are in the park.The tall man is my father.Im poor at English.第21页/共38页The food tastes nicer,It gets warmer and warmer.The days are longer.He became a scientist.His face goes red.第22页/共38页基本句型基本句型 四四 （主谓间宾 直宾）共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。表示动作是“对着谁”，“为了谁”做的，往往指人。怎样才能知道动作是“为了谁”还是“对着谁”，那就要根据间接宾语是表示动作的方向还是动作的目的来定。第23页/共38页pass,give,offer,lend,send,sell,show,bring,hand,tell,return,write,pay,teach,promise等动词表示方向，即动作是“对着谁”，后的间接宾语前用to,构成sth+to sb.如:lend the book to me.The old man gave the apple to the boy.第24页/共38页buy,build,make,do,fetch,get,play,save,cook,sing,find,动词后的间接宾语是表示目的，即动作是“为了谁”做的，后用sth+for sb.结构。My brother bought a dictionary for me.My mother made a cake for me.第25页/共38页间接宾语通常位于直接宾语之前，即：动词+间宾+直宾He gave me an apple.She bought her daughter a new bike.He told us an old story.Lao Li cooked a nice dinner.第26页/共38页He gave me a pen.=He gave a pen to me.She made me a cake.=She made a cake for me.He will buy some books for me.He gave a nice present to her yesterday.Her mother bought a new watch for her last week.第27页/共38页但当直接宾语是人称代词，间接宾语是名词时，或两个宾语都是人称代词时，间接宾语位于直接宾语之后，这时在间接宾语前必须加to或for.如：I pass it to my mother.She threw them to me.关键是牢记只能接to和for 的动词。第28页/共38页I showed him my pictures.I gave my car a wash.I told him that the bus was late.She passed him a new dress.She cooked her a delicious meal.第29页/共38页 She brought her husband a dictionary.He bought you nothing.I showed her my pictures.I gave him a hand.I told him how to run the machine.第30页/共38页基本句型基本句型 五五+O+（主谓宾宾补）共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意完整。第31页/共38页They made her happy.I saw her dance.I found the movie interesting.He left the door open.He asked me to come back.I saw them getting on the bus.第32页/共38页1、动词不定式作宾补时有三种情况：1）、在ask,tell,invite,force,get,allow,help,wish,want,like,hate,prefer等动词后，应用带to的不定式。2）、在感官动词see,hear,watch,listen to,notice,feel,look at,和使役动词have,make,let 后，不定式不带to.3)、help 后的宾语补足语可带to 也可不带。第33页/共38页2、常用分词作宾补的动词有：see,watch,notice,hear,feel,make,have,get,keep,find等。3、现分和过分作宾补时有区别：“宾语+现分”在逻辑上是主动关系；“宾语+过分”在逻辑上是被动关系。I saw someone knoking at the door.I saw the door knocked at.第34页/共38页They painted the door green.I found the boy sitting in the room.This made me thinking.I saw him out.He asked me to come soon.I saw him getting on the bus.第35页/共38页We keep the table clean.They painted the door green.They call supper dinner.They found the house dirty.What makes me sad?We saw him out.第36页/共38页第37页/共38页谢谢您的观看！第38页/共38页
