初中英语语法被动语态.pptx
被动语态的基本构成：be+动词的过去分词（be+done)第1页/共19页1.一般现在时am/is/are+done We clean the classroom every day.The classroom is cleaned by us every day.第2页/共19页He put on a coat.A coat was put on by him.2.一般过去时was/were+doneHe made the kite.The kite was made by him.第3页/共19页3.一般将来时 shall/will/be going to+be done They will plant trees tomorrow.Trees will be planted by them tomorrowHe is going to write a letter to his mother.A letter is going to be written to his mother by him.第4页/共19页4.现在完成时has/have+been doneJim has finished the work.The work has been finished by Jim.第5页/共19页5.含有情态动词的被动语态can/may/must/should+be doneI can find him.He can be found by me.第6页/共19页被动语态的用法1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。这块手表是中国制造的。This watch is made in China.2.没有必要指出动作的执行者每年都应该种更多的树。Many trees should be planted every year.第7页/共19页3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。世界上越来越多的人说汉语。Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.4.句子的主语是动作的承受者。许多房屋被冲走了。Many houses were washed away by the flood.第8页/共19页主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态变被动语态的方法 （主语）（主语）（宾语）（宾语）主动语态：动作的执行者主动语态：动作的执行者+谓语动词的主动形式谓语动词的主动形式+动作的承受者动作的承受者被动语态：动作的承受者被动语态：动作的承受者+谓语动词的被动形式谓语动词的被动形式+动作的执行者动作的执行者 （主语）（主语）（宾语）（宾语）说明：说明：（1 1）要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主）要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。动句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。（2 2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由宾格，并由byby引导。引导。（3)3)谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。第9页/共19页补充部分1.主动结构表被动意义open,lock,write,read,sell,wash,cut,burn,drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可以用主动语态表被动意义。This kind of shirt sells well.第10页/共19页2.look,sound,taste,smell等系动词用主动表被动意义。例：It smells wonderful.Mooncakes taste delicious.3.在be worth doing中,doing表被动意义。例：This book is worth reading.第11页/共19页4.want/need/require+doing=want/need/require+to be done 例：My bike needs repairing.=My bike needs to be repaired.我的自行车需要修理。第12页/共19页课堂练习（一）改写句子1.Weplanttreesinspringeveryyear._byusinspringeveryyear.2.Shepostedtheletteryesterday._byheryesterday.3.MrTurnergavemeabirthdaypresent._abirthdaypresentbyMrTurner.5.Youmayhandinyourhomeworktomorrow._byyoutomorrow.6.Sheisgoingtowritealetter._byher.TreesareplantedTheletterwaspostedIwasgivenYourhomeworkmaybehandedinAletterisgoingtobewritten第13页/共19页1.Ifcitynoises_fromincreasing，people_shouttobeheardevenatdinnerAarenotkept；willhavetoBarenotkept；haveCdonotkeep；willhavetoDdonotkeep；haveto2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,_andperfectednow.A.developedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped3.-_thesportsmeetmightbeputoff-Yes，italldependsontheweatherAIvebeentoldBIvetoldCImtoldDItoldACA第14页/共19页4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection_.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted5.Rainforests_andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut6.Thenewbridge_bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned7.Whenpartofapencilisinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.wasbrokenD.hadbeenbrokenDCBC第15页/共19页8.Greatchanges_inthecity,andalotoffactories_.A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupB.havetakenplace;havebeensetupC.havetakenplace;havesetupD.weretakenplace;weresetup9.Thatsuit_over60dollars.A.hadcostedB.costedC.iscostedD.cost10.-Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.-Whatstheprettysmallhousethat_for?A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuiltC.isbuiltD.isbuilding11.-Doyoulikethecloth?-Yes,it_verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfeltBDAC第16页/共19页12.Itisdifficultforaforeigner_ChineseAwriteBtowriteCtobewrittenDwritten13.Ihavenomoreletters_，thankyouAtotypeBtypingCtobetypedDtyped14.Takecare!Dontdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit_easily.A.wontwashoutB.wontbewashedoutC.isntwashedoutD.isntwashingout15.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto_.A.beputupB.giveinC.beturnedonD.gooutBCAD第17页/共19页16.Thecomputersonthetable_ProfessorSmith.A.belongsB.arebelongedtoC.belongstoD.belongto17.-Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?-Oh,excellent.Itsworth_asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread18.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed_.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch19.Thispageneeded_again.A.beingcheckedB.checkedC.tocheckD.tobechecked20._manytimes,theboystilldidntknowhowtodoit.A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.TeachingDCCDB第18页/共19页谢谢您的观看！第19页/共19页
