Unit 2 How often do you exercise？ Section A讲义课件2022-2023学年人教版英语八年级上册.pptx

八年级上册教学讲义 初中英语JUNIOR ENGLISHGRADE EIGHT VOLUMN IVocabuaryhousework haswk n.家家务劳动务劳动do housework做家务=do choreshomework schoolworkVocabuaryonce wns adv.一次；曾一次；曾经经one-first-once1 12 2一次曾经（过去时）3.一旦onceaweek/month/yearIoncemetyourfather.Onceyougotthechance,justtryyourbest!once Vocabuaryhardly hdli adv.几乎不；几乎不；简简直不；直不；刚刚刚刚ever ev(r)adv.曾曾经经；在任何；在任何时时候候hardly(ever)很少；几乎从不；很少；几乎从不；难难得得1)通常用于实义动词之前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后。Shehardlyevercallsme.她几乎从未给我打过电话。Thereishardlyanytealeft.没有剩下多少茶了。hardly 副词副词意为意为“几乎不几乎不”，表示否定意义，表示否定意义hard副词意为“努力地；猛烈地”形容词意为“困难的；辛苦的；坚硬的；努力的易混辨析hardly与hardIcanhardlybelieveheispracticinghardintheyard.Itshardworktoexerciseoutsidewhenitblowshard.我几乎不能相信他正在院子里努力练习。当风刮得很猛烈的时候，在户外练习是很困难的差事。语境串记Vocabuarytwice twas adv.两倍；两次两倍；两次two-second-twicetwice a day/week/yearthinktwice再三思考twice还可意为“两倍”。Catssleeptwiceasmuchaspeople.猫睡觉的时间是人的两倍。Vocabuarytwice twas adv.两倍；两次两倍；两次two-second-twicetwice a day/week/yearprogram prrm n.节节目；程序；目；程序；课课程程TV program电视节目VocabuaryInternet ntnet n.因特网因特网use the Internet=go online上网ont the Internet在网上Internet user网络用户Vocabuaryfull fl adj.满满的；充的；充满满的；完全的的；完全的1 12 2忙的充满的3 3吃饱了的 相当于busy，其反义词是free反义词是empty“空的”。befullof“充满”=befilledwith反义词是hungryfull Thisweekistoofullforme.Thebottleisfullofwater.Thankyouforyourdeliciouscake,butIamreallyfull.Vocabuaryswing sw n.摇摆摇摆；秋千；秋千v.摇摆摇摆；旋；旋转转swing dance摇摆摇摆舞舞swing set秋千架Vocabuarymaybe mebi adv.或或许许；也；也许许；可能；可能maybe作副词，意为“大概；或许；可能”，常为于句首，表示可能性。Maybemymothergoesshoppingonceaweek.我妈妈大概一周购物一次maybe副词，在句中作状语，意为“大概；或许；可能”，相当于perhapsMaybe she is a doctor.=Shemaybeadoctor.她可能是个医生。may bemay是情态动词，maybe属“情态动词+动词原形”结构，在句中作谓语，意为“可能是”。Hemaybeadoctor.他也许是个医生易混辨析maybe与maybeVocabuaryleast list adj.最小的；最少的最小的；最少的little-less-leastat least至少至少 atmost，意为“至多；不超过。less than少于，比.少Teenagersneedtosleepatleast8hourseveryday.青少年每天至少要睡八个小时。Youcanborrowatmostthreebooksonce.你一次至多可以借三本书。Vocabuaryjunk n.垃圾垃圾 junk food n.垃圾食品；垃圾食品；coffee kfi n.咖啡；咖啡色咖啡；咖啡色Vocabuaryhealth hel n.健康；人的身体或精神状健康；人的身体或精神状态态beingoodhealth=keepingoodhealth=stayingoodhealth保持健康beingood/poorhealth身体好/差Smokingdoesharmtohealth.吸烟有害健康。Mygrandmaisingoodhealth.我祖母身体很好。Vocabuaryhealth hel n.健康；人的身体或精神状健康；人的身体或精神状态态healthyadj.健康的unhealthyadj.不健康的healthilyadv.健康地keephealthy=stayhealthy=keepingoodhealth:保持健康ahealthydiet/lifestyle健康的饮食/生活方式Vocabuaryresult rzlt n.结结果；后果果；后果as a result结果withoutresult徒劳地；毫无结果percent psent adj.百分之.的（1）percent作名词，意为“百分之，没有复数形式。如：onepercent百分之一，thirtypercent百分之三十。（2）基数词+percent+ofthe+名词“结构作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由该结构中的名词来决定。Twentypercentofthestudentsagreewithyou.Thirtypercentofthetimepasses.Vocabuaryonline nlan adj.在在线线的的adv.在在线线地地adj.adj.adv.adv.在线的在线地词形shopping/course/game/education/paymentgo上网shop网购offlineadj.线下的online Vocabuarytelevision telvn n.电视电视机；机；电视节电视节目目 set/program/stationalthough l conj.虽虽然尽管；然而；可是然尽管；然而；可是表示转折，不能与but连用。可以与yet连用Althoughheisonlyfive,heknowsalotaboutgeography.Lookatthepicutre.Makealistoftheweekendactivities.1a1._2._3._4._5._helpwithhouseworkwatchTVexerciseread(abook)goshoppingn.家务劳动；家务事Pre-listening帮助。helpwith后面常跟名词或代词作宾语。abcdeReporter:What do you usually do on weekends?Girl 1:I sometimes go shopping.Boy 1:I never go shopping.I usually watch TV.Boy 2:I always exercise.Girl 2:I often help with housework.Reporter:How about you?Girl 3:I hardly ever watch TV.I always read.Reporter:Oh,why is that?Girl 3:Oh,I dont know.I guess I just like books.Tape script1bWhat do you usually do on weekends?你周末通常做什么你周末通常做什么?1知识点onweekends在周未onweekends（美式英语）意为“在周末”，相当于atweekends（英式英语）。有时也用ontheweekend（美式）或attheweekend(英式）。Ioftenvisitmygrandparentson/atweekends.我周末经常去看望我的祖父母。Theofficeisclosedon/attheweekend.本办事处周六和周日不办公。用法详解helpwithhousework帮忙做家务2知识点helpwith帮助helpwith意为“帮助”，后常跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。Canyouhelpwithmyhomework?你能帮助我做家庭作业吗?Thetaskissodifficult.Ineedsomeonetohelpwithit.这个任务很难。我需要有人来帮忙完成它。Lindahelpedwithcookingthedinner.琳达帮忙做晚饭了。help作动词时，还有以下用法：helponeself(tosth.)随便吃/喝（某物）cant/couldnthelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事helpsb.withsth.=helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事Pleasehelpyourselftosomejuice.请随便喝点果汁吧。Hearingthatgoodnews,Icanthelpjumping.听到那个好消息，我情不自禁地跳了起来。Johelpedustoorganizetheparty.乔帮助我们筹备了聚会。拓展延伸helpv.帮助helpsb.(to)dosth.withsth.helponeselfto.canthelpdoing.n.帮助短语helpwithhelpout withtheofsb.=withones词形helper-helpful-helpless-helping-helplessnessexercisev.&n.运动；锻炼3（1）exercise作动词，意为“运动；锻炼”。Youdbetterexerciseeveryday.你最好每天都运动。（2）exercise还可作名词，意为“运动；锻炼”，通常为不可数名词；表示“一套动作”或“练习（题）”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式。takeexercise做运动domorningexercises做早操doeyeexercises做眼保健操doEnglishexercises做英语练习用法详解Mr.Wangoftenexercises.Everymorning,hetakesexerciseinthepark.Andheaskshissontodoeyeexercisestwiceaday.王先生经常运动。每天早晨，他都会在公园锻炼身体。他还要求他的儿子每天做两次眼保健操。语境串记典例典例Youshoulddomore_insteadof(而不是）sittingatthedeskbusydoingyour_.A.exercise；exercisesB.exercises；exercisesC.exercise；exerciseD.exercises；exercise解析句意：你应该多运动，而不是坐在桌旁忙碌地做你的练习题。第一空处泛指“锻炼”，exercise用作不可数名词；第二空处作”练习题”讲，exercise为可数名词，常用复数形式。故选A。sometimesadv.有时；间或 4用法详解sometimes为频度副词，意为“有时；间或”，相当于attimes。多用于现在时或过去时中。可位于句首、句中和句末。Ilikerice,butsometimesIthinknoodlesareverydelicious,too.我喜欢米饭，但有时觉得面条也挺好吃的。Sometimeshefeltlonelywhenhewasachild.他在孩提时有时会感到孤独。hardlyever几乎从不5用法详解hardlyever几乎从不Point1hardlyever表示频率，其表达的含义与seldom或almostnever相近。Shehardlyever(=seldom)callsme.ShelivesinSpain,sowehardlyever(=almostnever)seeher.hardlyadv.几乎不；几乎没有Point2hardly作副词，相当于almostno,almostnot。本身表示否定含义，不能再与否定词连用。Ihardlyknowyou.hardly 副词副词意为意为“几乎不几乎不”，表示否定意义，表示否定意义hard副词意为“努力地；猛烈地”形容词意为“困难的；辛苦的；坚硬的；努力的易混辨析hardly与hardIcanhardlybelieveheispracticinghardintheyard.Itshardworktoexerciseoutsidewhenitblowshard.我几乎不能相信他正在院子里努力练习。当风刮得很猛烈的时候，在户外练习是很困难的差事。语境串记Read1candpayattentiontothepositionofadverbsoffrequency.A:Whatdoyoudoonweekends?B:IusuallywatchTV.A:Doyougoshopping?B:No,Inevergoshopping.A:Whatdoeshe/shedoonweekends?B:He/SheusuallywatchesTV.A:Doeshe/shegoshopping?B:No,he/shenevergoesshopping.频度副词位于动词前。Post-listening Reporter:So,Cheng Tao,how often do you watch TV?Cheng Tao:Hmmabout twice a week,I guess.Reporter:Uh-huh.And how often do you read?Cheng Tao:Oh,I read every day at school!Reporter:How often do you go to the movies?Cheng Tao:Uhlet me see.maybe once a month?Reporter:How often do you exercise?Cheng Tao:Oh,I exercise about three times a week.Reporter:How often do you shop?Cheng Tao:Shop?I shop about.about twice a month.Tape script2a/2bonceaweek一周一次Onceadv.一次；曾经6用法详解（1）once在此处意为“一次”，常用来回答howoften的提问。Howoftendoyougoshopping?你多久购物一次?Onceaweek.一周一次。（2）once还可表示不确定的时间，意为“曾经”，常用于肯定句，与过去时连用。一般位于行为动词之前、系动词之后。例句：例句：HeoncelivedinHangzhou.他曾经住在杭州。Thisbookwasfamous,oncebutnownobodyreadsit.这本书曾名噪一时，但现在却无人问津。位于行为边词之前位于be动词之后twiceaweek一周两次Twiceadv.两次；两倍7（1）twice在此处作“两次“讲，表示频率。常用短语：twiceamonth/year一月/年两次thinktwice再三思考Iplaychessatleasttwiceaweek.每周我至少下两次象棋。Thinktwicebeforeyoudoit.三思而后行。（2）twice还可意为“两倍”。Catssleeptwiceasmuchaspeople.猫睡觉的时间是人的两倍。用法详解次数表达法表示次数应注意，time后面加-s；一次两次很特殊，once，twice要牢记。IwatchTVeveryday.我每天都看电视。8everyday每天every day副词短语副词短语副词意副词意“每天每天”，相当于，相当于each day，在句中作状语，在句中作状语everyday形容词意为“每天的，日常的”，相当于daily,在句中作定语易混辨析everyday与everydayItisnecessaryforustolearneverydayEnglisheveryday.我们有必要每天学习日常英语。语境串记Howoftendoyoudotheseactivities?Fillinthechartandthenmakeconversations.2cActivitiesHow oftenwatchTVeverydayusetheInternetreadEnglishbooksgotothemoviesexercisePost-listeningA:HowoftendoyouwatchTV?B:IwatchTVeveryday.A:Whatsyourfavoriteprogram?B:Animal World.A:Howoftendoyouwatchit?B:Twiceaweek.n.（=programme)节目Post-listening5.usetheInternet(教材P102c)Language pointsInternet n.(国际)互联网；因特网PointInternet相当于theNet，其前常用定冠词the修饰。常用短语：surftheInternet网上冲浪；ontheInternet在网上。MybrotherlikessurfingtheInternetverymuch.YoucanbuyourgoodsontheInternet.摇摆舞属于爵士乐的一个分支，又称“摇摆爵士舞”，初现于20世纪早期的美国，并于20至50年代逐步发展成为一个独立的舞蹈分支，其音乐由爵士（Jazz）和蓝调(Blues)音乐演变而来，有摆荡的感觉，故而得名。在美国，摇摆舞在不同地域有多种不同的形式，其中最为著名的是一种名为“林迪舞”（LindyHop）的男女双人舞。除此之外，摇摆舞还有吉特巴(Jitterbug)，查尔斯顿(Charleston)、巴布阿(Balboa)、东岸摇摆舞(EastCoastSwing)和西岸摇摆舞(WestCoastSwing)等形式。swingdancePost-listeningListen and read the conversation.Jack:Hi,Claire,are you free next week?Claire:Hmmnext week is quite full for me,Jack.Jack:Really?How come?Claire:I have dance and piano lessons.Jack:What kind of dance are you learning?Claire:Oh,swing dance.Its fun!I have class once a week,every Monday.Jack:How often do you have piano lessons?Claire:Twice a week,on Wednesday and Friday.Jack:Well,how about Tuesday?Claire:Oh,I have to play tennis with my friends.But do you want to come?Jack:Sure!2d.nextweekisquitefullforme,Jack.我下周相当忙，杰克。9知识点 fulladj.忙的；满的；充满的（1）full在此处意为“忙的”，相当于busy，其反义词是free“没有安排活动的；空闲的”。其反义词是free“没有安排活动的；空闲的”。Thisweekistoofullforme.我这周太忙了。（2）full意为“满的”，反义词是empty“空的”。短语befullof“充满”与befilledwith同义Thebottleisfullofwater.这个瓶子里装满了水。（3）full作形容词时，还可意为“吃饱了的”，其反义词是hungry“感到饿的；饥饿的”。Thankyouforyourdeliciouscake,butIamreallyfull.谢谢你美味的蛋糕，但是我真的吃饱了。【根据汉语意思填空】。教室里挤满了学生。Theclassroom_students.isfullof/isfilledwith10“Howcome?是英语口语中的一个习语，相当于汉语“为什么呢?”或“怎么会呢？”，既可独立使用，也可在其后接句子，用来询间事情的缘由或状况。Howcometheskyissobluetoday?今天的天怎么这么蓝?一Tomdidntcometoschooltoday.汤姆今天没有上学。一Really?Howcome?是吗?怎么会呢？Howcome?为什么呢?why其后接的句子要用疑问语序Whyareyoulateagain?你为什么又迟到了呢？how come其后接的句子要用陈述语序Howcomeyouarelateagain?你为什么又迟到了呢？易混辨析why与howcome1311Whatkindofdanceareyoulearning?你正在学习什么类型的舞蹈?知识点 Whatkindof+名词+一般疑问句？该句型用来询问种类，意为“哪种类、型的.”。Whatkindofmoviewouldyoulike?你喜欢哪种类型的电影?Whatkindofbooksareyoureading?你正在读什么类型的书？12Oh,Ihavetoplaytenniswithmyfriend噢，我得跟我的朋友打网球知识点haveto不得不，必须（1）haveto后必须跟动词原形，且有人称和时态变化。Ihadtofinishmyhomeworkfirstyesterday.昨天我必须先完成我的家庭作业。Shehastolookafterherlittlebrother.她不得不照顾她的弟弟。用法详解时态时态肯定式肯定式否定式否定式疑问式疑问式一般现在时一般现在时havetohastodonthavetodoesnthavetodo.havetodoeshaveto一般过去时一般过去时hadtodidnthavetodid.havetoWedonthavetogotoschoolonweekends.周末我们不必上学。Hedidnthavetobuythecomputeryesterday.昨天他没必要买电脑。DoIhavetowashthedishesnow?我现在必须洗碗吗？Yes，youdo.是的，你必须洗。（2）haveto的否定式和疑问式要借用助动词do的适当，形式构成。have to强调客观需要，含有“不得不”和“被迫”的意思有人称、时态和数的变化must强调主观，指主观上认为自己有义务去做没有人称、时态和数的变化 Mygrandfatherhadtoleaveschoolbecausehisfamilywaspoor.因为家庭贫困，我爷爷不得不辍学。（表示无奈，含被迫的意思）Imustwashmyhandsbeforeeating.吃饭前我必须洗手。（强调自己的主观意识，无人强迫）易混辨析haveto与must典例典例You_takemetothestation.Mybrotherstakingme.A.cantB.mustntC.shouldntD.donthaveto解析由题千中的“我哥哥要带我去”可推断，你“不必”带我去车站。donthaveto意为“不必；没有必要”。What do you usually do on weekends?I always exercise.What do they do on weekends?They often help with housework.What does she do on weekends?She sometimes goes shopping.How often do you go to the movies?I go to the movies maybe once a month.How often does he watch TV?He hardly ever watches TV.Does he go shopping?No,he never goes shopping.Grammar13Igotothemoviesmaybeonceamonth.我可能一个月去看一次电影。知识点1maybeadv.大概；或许；可能maybe作副词，意为“大概；或许；可能”，常为于句首，表示可能性。Maybemymothergoesshoppingonceaweek.我妈妈大概一周购物一次maybe副词，在句中作状语，意为“大概；或许；可能”，相当于perhapsMaybe she is a doctor.=Shemaybeadoctor.她可能是个医生。may bemay是情态动词，maybe属“情态动词+动词原形”结构，在句中作谓语，意为“可能是”。易混辨析maybe与maybe由how构成的其他疑问短语的用法短语含义用法答语howfar多远提问时间5meters,10minutes.walk等表示距离的词或短语howlong多长提问时间提问物体长度for+时间段10km等表示长度的howsoon多久提问时间in+时间段howold多大提问年龄12yearsold等表示年龄的词或短语howmuch多少钱多少提问价格,对不可数多少名词的数量提问5dollars，2yuanakilo等表示价格的词或短语alotof,3glasses(of)等修饰不可数名词的词或短语howmany多少对可数名词的数量提问100等具体的数词或several等修饰可数名词的词或短语典例典例_doesyourfathergotothefitnesscenter?Heexercisestheretwiceaweek.A.HowsoonB.HowoftenC.Howlong解析由答语中的twiceaweek可知，问句是对频率提问。故选B。1.How often _he play soccer?2._you drink milk?3.How often _they stay up late?4._Sue eat a healthy breakfast?5.How often _you eat apples?6._ your parents play sports?Complete the questions with do or does.Then match the questions and answers.doesDo doDoes doDo3a指导指导：首先，读句子理解大意。然后，分析句子结构，看首先，读句子理解大意。然后，分析句子结构，看句句子的主语是否第三人称单数形式子的主语是否第三人称单数形式。Then match the questions and answers.1.How often dose he play soccer？2.Do you drink milk?3.How often do they stay up late?4.Dose Sue eat a healthy breakfast?5.How often do you eat apples？6.Do your parents play sports?a.Yes,she usually does.b.Hardly ever.I dont like them.c.He plays at least twice a week.d.No,they dont.Theyre too busy.e.Never.They always go to bed early.f.Yes,I do.Every day.Heplaysatleasttwiceaweek.他每周至少踢两次（足球）。15atleast意为“至少；不少于；起码”。其中least是little的最高级，意为“最少；最小”。atleast的反义短语是atmost，意为“至多；不超过。Teenagersneedtosleepatleast8hourseveryday.青少年每天至少要睡八个小时。Youcanborrowatmostthreebooksonce.你一次至多可以借三本书。知识点 atleast至少；不少于；起码16Howoftendotheystayuplate?他们多久熬一次夜？stayup为“动词+副词”结构的短语，后可跟late，allnight等修饰词。Istayeduplatelastnight,andtodayIcantgetupontime.昨晚我熬夜太晚，今天不能按时起床。知识点 stayup熬夜典例典例一Dont_late，Betty.Youhavetogotoschoolearlytomorrow.一0K,Mom.Illgotobedrightnow.A.putupB.stayupC.sitdownD.falldown解析根据题干中的“你明天还得早点上学”以及“我马上就上床睡觉”可推断，空处是想表达“不要熬夜太晚”，故stayup符合题意。SummaryExpressionshardlyeverswingdanceNewwordshouseworkhardlyeveroncetwiceInternetprogramfullswingfrequencyadverbWhatdoyoudoonweekends?Iusually/always/often.SentencesHowoftendoyou?Twiceaweek/.always(100%)usuallyoftensometimeshardlyevernever(0%)Howcome？Ihave.sometimesfree短语短语1.很少；几乎从不很少；几乎从不 _ _2.帮忙做家务帮忙做家务 _ _housework3.上网上网_ _=_ the Internethardlyeverhelpwithgoonlinesurf短语短语4.上舞蹈课和钢琴课上舞蹈课和钢琴课 _ dance and piano _5.有时，不时有时，不时 _=_6.一周一次一周一次 _ _ havelessonssometimesattimes=fromtimetotimeonceaweekPost-listening100%70%50%20%5%0%alwaysusuallyoftensometimeshardlynever总是，一直通常常常有时几乎不从不频度副词（frequencyadverb）频度副词(frequencyadverb)Grammar Focus频度副词表示某一动作或状态出现的频率，即在一定时间内某一动作或状态重复出现的次数，常用来回答howoften的提问。Ialwaysexercise.Igotothemoviesmaybeonceamonth.No,Inevergoshopping.频度副词的种类Grammar Focus不表示具体次数的频度副词（按频率从高到低排列）always(100%)总数almostalways几乎总是usually通常often经常sometimes有时hardlyever(seldom)几乎从不（很少）never(0%)从不Weoftenplaybasketballafterschool.Heisneverlateforclass.1频度副词的位置Grammar FocusImalwayshappytoseeher.实义动词之前频度副词be动词、助动词、情态动词之后有时为了强调，频度副词也可位于句首。Shealwaysgoestoschoolbybus.Sometimeshegoestoworkbybus.Icanneverforgetit.对频度副词的提问Grammar FocusHowoftendoeshecomehere?Onceaweek.对频度副词进行提问常用howoften,表示“多久一次”。()1.-Ms.Linisverypopularamongthestudents.-Yes,Herclassesare_livelyandinteresting.A.alwaysB.sometimesC.hardly()2.-Doyouthinkthismathproblemisdifficult?-Yes.Icanworkitout.A.hardlyB.easily C.finallyAA()3.Lucyisthinkingofothers.Sheisakindgirl.A.oftenB.always C.never()4.-Howoftendoyougotoseeyourgrandparents?-_.A.ForthreemonthsB.IntwodaysC.OnceaweekBC()5.I_takeabustoschool,but_Iwalktoschool.A.usually;sometimesB.usually;usuallyC.sometime;usuallyAsometimes有时频度副词 表示事情发生的频率，对其提问要用howoftensometime某个时候副词指将来或过去某个不确切的副词某个时候时间，对其提问要用whensometimes几次名词短语 time为可数名词，表示“次数”，对其提问要用howmanytimessometime一段时间名词短语 time为不可数名词，对其提问要用howlong数名词，表示“时sometimes，sometime，sometimes与sometime易混辨析巧学妙计分开是“一段”（sometime)，相连为“某时（sometime）；分开s是“次、回”（sometimes)，相连s是“有时（sometimes）。