牛津译林版八年级上册Unit1Friends Grammar比较级最高级课件(共13张PPT).pptx
Unit 1 FriendsUnit 1 FriendsComparative and superlative adjectivesComparative and superlative adjectives（形容词的比较级和最高级）（形容词的比较级和最高级）GrammarGrammar(1)(2)(3)The first tree is The first tree is shorter than shorter than the second one.the second one.The third tree is The third tree is taller than taller than the first one.the first one.The first tree is The first tree is the shortest the shortest of the three.of the three.The blue house is _.The blue house is _.The green house is _.The green house is _.The red house is _.The red house is _.The brown house is _.The brown house is _.形容词有三种形式：原级，比较级和最高级，表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较，最高级用于三个或三个以上人或事物的比较。形容词的比较级和最高级是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的，可分为规则变化和不规则变化。基本概念（1 1）单音节、单音节、少数少数双音节形容词：在词尾加双音节形容词：在词尾加-er -er 和和-est -est tall-taller-tallest great-greater-greatest tall-taller-tallest great-greater-greatest（2 2）以以-e -e 结尾的单音节形容词：在词尾加结尾的单音节形容词：在词尾加-r -r 和和-st -st nice-nicer-nicest wide-wider-widestnice-nicer-nicest wide-wider-widest（3 3）以以-y -y 结尾结尾,但但-y -y 前是辅音字母的形容词：把前是辅音字母的形容词：把-y -y 去掉去掉,加上加上-ier -ier 和和-iest iest easy-easier-easiest happy-happier-happiest easy-easier-easiest happy-happier-happiest（4 4）一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读音节）一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读音节：双写该辅音字母然后再加：双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er-er和和-est-est hot-hotter-hottest slim-slimmer-slimmesthot-hotter-hottest slim-slimmer-slimmest（5 5）三个或三个以上音节的形容词：之前加上三个或三个以上音节的形容词：之前加上more,mostmore,most beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful important-more important-most important important-more important-most important形容词的比较级、最高级形容词的比较级、最高级变变形形（6）不规则变化：不规则变化：good/well-better-best bad/badly/ill-worse-worst little-less-least many/much-more-most old-older（只指年龄大小）（只指年龄大小）/elder（被比较两者有亲属关系）（被比较两者有亲属关系）-oldest/eldestfar-farther（只指距离更远）（只指距离更远）/further（指距离更远或程度更深）（指距离更远或程度更深）-farthest/furthestHe is two years older than your elder brother.他比你哥哥年长两岁。他比你哥哥年长两岁。He jumps father/further than I.他跳得比我远。他跳得比我远。Many students go abroad for further studies.很多学生出国深造。很多学生出国深造。（7）带有形容词后缀的派生形容词变为比较级、最高级，带有形容词后缀的派生形容词变为比较级、最高级，分别在之前加分别在之前加more,most，如：，如：useful,careful,famous,nervous,bored,boring,tired,tiring,handsome,terrible,active（8）一些单词的比较级和最高级既可以加）一些单词的比较级和最高级既可以加-er，-est，也可以加也可以加more，most。e.g.clever cleverer cleverest more clever most clever handsome handsomer handsomest more handsome most handsome polite politer politest more polite most polite simple simpler simplest more simple most simple stupid stupider stupidest more stupid most stupid基本句型基本句型比较级：比较级：A+系动词系动词+比较级比较级+than+BThe book is more interesting than that one.这本书比那本有趣。这本书比那本有趣。Your idea sounds better than his.你的想法听起来比他的好。你的想法听起来比他的好。注意：两者比较，没有用注意：两者比较，没有用than，而是加了表示范围的部分，而是加了表示范围的部分，则比较级之前加则比较级之前加the表示特指表示特指He is the taller of the two boys.他是这两个男孩中较高的那一个。他是这两个男孩中较高的那一个。最高级最高级：主语主语+系动词系动词+the+最高级最高级+表示范围的部分表示范围的部分He is the tallest student of the three.（同类比较用（同类比较用of）他是这三个学生中最高的那个。他是这三个学生中最高的那个。He is the tallest student in his class.（非同类比较用（非同类比较用in）他是他班里最高的学生。他是他班里最高的学生。特殊用法（1）表示程度可用表示程度可用much,even,still,far,a lot,a little等修饰等修饰比较级比较级much,even,still,far,a lot+比较级比较级 表示表示“得多得多”a little+比较级比较级 表示表示“有一点有一点”-Do you feel a little better now?你现在感觉好一点了吗？你现在感觉好一点了吗？-Yes,I feel much better today.是的，我今天感觉好多了。是的，我今天感觉好多了。（2）The+比较级比较级+主语主语+谓语，谓语，the+比较级比较级+主语主语+谓语谓语（越（越.越越.）The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.=If you are more careful,you will make fewer mistakes.你越仔细，你所犯的错误就会越少。你越仔细，你所犯的错误就会越少。（3）比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级（越来越（越来越.）He is becoming lazier and lazier.他变得越来越懒。他变得越来越懒。She looks more and more beautiful.她看上去越来越漂亮了。她看上去越来越漂亮了。（4）the+序数词序数词+最高级表示最高级表示“第几第几+形容词形容词”the second largest country 第二大国第二大国the third longest river 第三长河第三长河（5）形容词前如果加形容词前如果加less和和least则表示则表示较不较不和和最不最不 less important 较不重要的较不重要的 least important 最不重要的最不重要的（6）比较级、最高级之间的转换（注意范围表示方法）比较级、最高级之间的转换（注意范围表示方法）Shanghai is the largest city in China.=Shanghai is larger than the other cities in China.（除上海之外的其他城市）（除上海之外的其他城市）=Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.（除上海之外的任何（除上海之外的任何其他其他一座城市）一座城市）China is larger than any country in Europe.（中国不属于欧洲，不需用（中国不属于欧洲，不需用other)(1)(1)无一定范围或同类事物作比较，只与其本身作比较无一定范围或同类事物作比较，只与其本身作比较We are busiest on Mondays.We are busiest on Mondays.我们周一最忙。我们周一最忙。(2)(2)加强语气，表示加强语气，表示“非常，相当非常，相当”The book is most(=very)interesting.The book is most(=very)interesting.这本书非常有趣。这本书非常有趣。(3)(3)之前已有物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等限定词修饰之前已有物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等限定词修饰He is my best friend.He is my best friend.他是我最好的朋友。他是我最好的朋友。(4)(4)两个最高级同时出现时，后一个省略两个最高级同时出现时，后一个省略thetheShe is the youngest but tallest girl in her class.She is the youngest but tallest girl in her class.她是班级里年龄最小但个子最高的女孩。她是班级里年龄最小但个子最高的女孩。(5)(5)固定用法固定用法Best wishes for you!Best wishes for you!给你送上最好的祝福！给你送上最好的祝福！最高级之前省略最高级之前省略thethe的情况的情况1.Of the two girls,I find Lucy the _(clever).2.Johns parents have four daughters,and she is the _(young)child.3.The short one is the _(expensive)of the five.4.Whos the _(fat),Jim,Kate or Tom?5.Here are three tickets for the film tonight.The yellow one is _(expensive)than the other two.6.She will be much _(happy)in her new house.PracticePracticecleverer/more cleveryoungestmost expensivefattestmore expensivehappier7.The Century Park was the second_(large)in Shanghai.8.It will be worse for your health to eat _(much)food and take_(little)exercise.9.This book is_(difficult)than that one.10.The weather is getting _ and _(cold).11.The_(much)food you eat,the_(fat)you will be.12.He feels _(tired)today than yesterday.PracticePracticelargestmorelessmore difficultcoldercoldermorefattermore tired
