2021年职称英语考试综合类(A)级试题.pdf

2021年职称英语考试综合类（A）级试题词汇选项第1题、O n l yp e o p l e o v e r 18 ar e e l i g i b l e t o v o t e.A.h o n e s tB.q u al i f i e dC.e n ab l e dD.c l e v e r我的答案：参考答案：B答案解析：本句意思：只有年满1 8岁的人才有资格投票。e l i g i b l e意思是“符合条件的，有资格的，与q u al i f i e d（有资格的）意思相近。h o n e s t诚实的，坦率的；e n ab l e d可行的；c l e v e r聪明的，机智的。第2题、T h el at e s t c ar m o d e l e m b o d i e s t h e n e w r e s e ar c h d e v e l o p m e n t.A.l i s t sB.i n c l u d e sC.b o r r o w sD.b r o ad e n s我的答案：参考答案：B答案解析：本句意思：最新的汽车模型体现了新的研究进展。e m b o d y意思是“体现，包含，与i n c l u d e （包含，包括）意思相近。l i s t把.列入名单；b o r r o w借；b r o ad e n扩宽，开阔。第3题、T h ec o as t al ar e a h as v e r y m i l d w i n t e r,b u t t h e c e n t r al p l ai n s r e m ai n e x t r e m e l yc o l d.A.s e v e r eB.h ar dC.w ar mD.d r y我的答案：参考答案：C答案解析：1本句意思：沿海地区的冬季非常温和，但中部平原地区的冬季却十分寒冷。m i l d意 思 是“温暖的，温 和 的，与w ar m（温暖的）意思相近。s e v e r e严峻的,严重的；h ar d困难的，坚硬的；d r y干燥的。第 4题、S h e i san ar t i s t w h o s e w o r k w i l l u n d o u b t e d l y w i t h s t an d t h e t e s t o f t i m e.A.g r ad eB.at t r ac tC.b e arD.s u f f e r我的答案：参考答案：C答案解析：本句意思：她是一位艺术家，毫无疑问，她的作品会经受得住时间的考验。w i t h s t an d意 思 是“禁得住，顶得住”，与b e ar （承受，忍受）意思相近。g r ad e评分，分等级；at t r ac t吸引；s u f f e r遭罪，受苦。第5题、H ew o r e a s h ab b y t h i n o v e r c o at i n t h e c o l d w i n t e r s o t h at h e f e l l i l l.A.o l dB.b i gC.n e wD.s m al l我的答案：参考答案：A答案解析：本句意思、：大冬天里他穿着一件又旧又薄的外套，所以生了病。s h ab b y意思是“破旧的，衣衫褴褛的”，与。I d（破旧的）意思相近。b i g巨大的；n e w新的;s m al l小的。第6题、T h ew e at h e r w as s o g o r g e o u s t h at m an y p e o p l e w e n t o u t i n g.A.u n c o n t r o l l ab l eB.p l e as an tC.c l o u d yD.u n b e ar ab l e我的答案：参考答案：B答案解析：本句意思：天气很好，所以很多人都外出郊游了。g o r g e o u s意思是“极好的,灿 烂 的，与p l e as an t （极好的，宜人的）意思相近。u n c o n t r o l l ab l e难以控制2的;c l o u d y 多云的;u n b e ar ab l e 难以忍受的。第 7 题、C o m p e t i t o r s m u s t ab i d e b y t h e j u d g e s d e c i s i o n.A.k e e pB.r e adC.u n d e r s t an dD.o b e y我的答案：参考答案：D答案解析：本句意思：参赛者必须遵守裁判的决定。ab i d e b y 意思是“遵守，服从”，与 o b e y （遵守,听从）意思相近。k e e p 保持,留下；r e ad 阅读；u n d e r s t a n d 理解,知道。第 8 题、T h eu m b r e l l a w a s i n g e n i o u s l y d e v i s e d t o f o l d u p i n t o t h e p o c k e t.A.s e r i o u s l yB.c l e v e r l yC.a t t e n t i v e l yD.c a r e f u l l y我的答案：参考答案：B答案解析：本句意思：雨伞设计巧妙，可以折叠后放入口袋里。i n g e n i o u s l y 意思是“巧妙地，机灵地”，与 c l e v e r l y （聪明地,巧妙地）意思相近。s e r i o u s l y 严重地，严肃地；a t t e n t i v e l y 聚精会神地c a r e f u l l y 认真地，小心翼翼地。第 9题、S o m en e w s p a p e r s i n t h e w e s t a r e n o t a b l y b i a s e d.A.e s p e c i a l l yB.w h o l l yC.t o t a l l yD.f a i r l y我的答案：参考答案：A答案解析：本句意思：在西方国家，一些报社明显有失偏颇。n o t a b l y 意思是“特别，显著地”，与 e s p e c i a l l y （特别，尤其）意思相近。w h o l l y 完全地,全部；t o t a l l y完全地，总共；f a i r l y 相当，公平地。3第1 0题、H i sa n s w e r s w e r e o b s c u r e a n d c o n f u s i n g.A.u n c l e a rB.o b v i o u sC.c l e a rD.d i r e c t我的答案：参考答案：A答案解析：本句意思：他的回答晦涩难懂，令人费解。o b s c u r e意思是“晦涩的，不清楚的，与u n c l e a r（不清:楚的）意思相近。o b v i o u s明显的;c l e a r清晰的;d i r e c t直接的。第1 1题、T h ew a y s h e l o o k e d a f t e r h e r y o u n g s i s t e r w a s r e a l l y t o u c h i n g.A.d i s t u r b i n gB.c o n n e c t i n gC.m o v i n gD.w a v i n g我的答案：参考答案：C答案解析：本句意思：她照顾妹妹的方式令人感动。t o u c h i n g意思是“令人动容的，感动的，与m o v i n g（令人感动的）意思相近。d i s t u r b i n g令人烦扰的；c o n n e c t i n g连接的；w a v i n g摇动的，波浪状的。第1 2题、W ea r e w o r r i e d a b o u t t h i s f l u i d s i t u a t i o n f u l l w i t h u n c e r t a i n t y.A.s t a b l eB.s u i t a b l eC.c h a n g e a b l eD.a d a p t a b l e我的答案：参考答案：C答案解析：本句意思、：我们很担心这个充满未知的动荡局势。f l u i d意思是“流动的，不稳定的，与c h a n g e a b l e （易变的，不稳定的）意思相近。s t a b l e稳定的，牢固的；s u i t a b l e合适的；a d a p t a b l e可适应的，适应性强的。第1 3题、T h e y4h a v e b u i l t c a n a l s t o i r r i g a t e t h e d e s e r t.A.d e c o r a t eB.c h a n g eC.v i s i tD.w a t e r我的答案：参考答案：D答案解析：本句意思：他们修筑运河来灌溉荒漠。i r r i g a t e意思是“灌溉，与w a t e r （浇灌，浇水）意思相近。d e c o r a t e装饰；c h a n g e改变，变化；v i s i t参观，访问。第1 4题、T h ed e t a i l s o f t h e c o s t u m e w e r e t o t a l l y a u t h e n t i c.A.o u t s t a n d i n gB.r e a lC.c r e a t i v eD.f a l s e我的答案：参考答案：B答案解析：本句意思：这件道具服装在许多细微之处制作得十分逼真。a u t h e n t i c意思是“真实的，逼真的，与r e a l （真实的，逼真的）意思相近。o u t s t a n d i n g杰出的，突出的；c r e a t i v e富有创造力的；f a l s e错误的，假的。第1 5题、T h en e w g a r m e n t f i t s h e r p e r f e c t l y.A.c l o t h e sB.h a i r c u tC.p u r s eD.n e c k l a c e我的答案：参考答案：A答案解析：本句意思:这身新衣服很适合她。g a r m e n t意思是服装，衣服”,与c l o t h e s （衣服）意思相近。h a i r c u t理发,发型；p u r s e钱包；n e c k l a c e项链。阅读判断I n c o m e T a xFo r m a n y y o u n g A m e r i c a n s,g r a d u a t i n g f r o m c o l l e g e m e a n s f i n d i n ga j o b,m o v i n g o u t o f t h e d o r m r o o m a n d b e g i n n i n g t o r e g i s t e r o n e s a n n u a le a r n i n g s w i t h t h e U S g o v e r n m e n t.T h a t l a s t i t e m i s t h e l a w,t h o u g h s o m e t i m e s i t s a h a s s l e （难5事）to obey.Independent tax advisor Bob Gilbert calls the US income tax system“amazingly complicated.But he adds that very little of the complicatedtax law applies to young people who are just beginning their careers”.According to Gilbert,80 to 90 percent of Americans are not really burdenedby the systems complications.Still,all the numbers and forms can be a little confusing to thosewho are just starting their careers.Some pull out their calculators andtry to do the math alone.Some use income tax software.Others just handthe whole responsibility over to tax firms like Gilberts.According to income tax law expert Linda Beale,young people willoften follow their parents lead when filling their income forms.“Young people who grow up in wealthy households typically useprofessional tax services because their parents have always done so,saidBeale,a professor at Wayne State University in Michigan State.0n the other hand,most poorer young people probably try to dotheir own taxes,unless they want a quick refund with the help of a taxadvisor.In fact,obeying the law has its benefits.For one,many youngpeople can expect a tax refund.This means that,over the course of theyear,they have paid too much in monthly federal or state taxes and areentitled to the difference.Bob Thalman,a 20-year-old university student,expects he willget a refund of about$100,which will probably go in the bank,or perhapsbe used to pay for car insurance or credit card bills.Thalman called the whole process a hassle”,but added that hedidnt want to test the law by not filling his income tax papers.I m worried about what would happen if I failed to file,，z he said.I know one individual who did not report his income tax for many years,and hes now in federal prison.I certainly dont want that.第16题、Acollege student with a part-time job is not required to file an incometax form.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned我的答案：参考答案：C答案解析：本句意思：大学生做兼职工作不需要申报所得税。与纳税对象有关的内容在第段中，根据“For many young Americans,graduating from college meansfinding a job,moving out of the dorm room and beginning to register ones annual earnings with the US government.”可知，大学毕业生在搬出宿舍、找到工作后，需要向政府申报所得税。但是文中并未提及做兼职的大学生是6否要交税，故 选c。第 17题、TheUS income tax system does not wholly apply to a college graduate who isjust beginning his or her career.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned我的答案：参考答案：A答案解析：本句意思：美国所得税体制并不完全适用于一个刚刚开始工作的大学毕业生。根据第三段中的very little of the complicated tax law applies to youngpeople who are just beginning their careers”可知,这项复杂的税率体制很少适用于那些刚参加工作的年轻人。题干叙述正确，故 选 A。第 18题、Itspretty easy for a beginner to report his or her income tax.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned我的答案：参考答案：B答案解析：本句意思：申报所得税对于一个新手来说是件很容易的事。根据第三段中的“very little of the complicated tax law applies to young people who arejust beginning their c a reers可知，这项复杂的税率体制很少适用于那些刚参加工作的年轻人；此外，根据第四段第一句Still,all the numbers and Nrmscan be a little confusing to those who are just starting their careers.”可知，很多年轻人仍搞不明白申报所得税的数目与表格，所以这也是一件让他们有些费解困惑的事。题干叙述错误，故 选 B。第 19题、Whenyoung people file their income tax forms,they will often follow in theirparents footsteps.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned我的答案：参考答案：A答案解析：本句意思：年轻人呈报所得税申请表时，他们往往会学他们父母那样做。由第五段中的“young people will often follow their parents lead whenfilling their income forms”可知，许多年轻人在填写收入表格时，都会听从7父母的指导。此外，根据第六段中的Young people who grow up in wealthyhouseholds typically use professional tax services because their parentshave always done so”可知，家庭富裕的年轻人一般都会咨询专业的税务顾问，因为他们的父母就是这么做的。题干叙述正确，故 选 A。第 20题、Young people from poorer families neednt file their income tax forms.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned我的答案：参考答案：B答案解析：本句意思：家庭贫困的年轻人不需要申报所得税。文章第七段提到，家庭贫困的年轻人只能自己申报所得税，他们没办法像家庭富裕的年轻人那样咨询专业税务顾问，说明家庭贫困的年轻人也是要交税的。题干叙述错误，故 选 B。第 21题、Ifone has failed to report his or her income tax for quite a few years,heor she may be put in prison.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned我的答案：参考答案：A答案解析：本句意思：如果一个人好几年都没有申报自己的所得税，那么他或她有可能被抓进监狱。根据最后一段最后两句 I know one individual who did not reporthis income tax for man),years,and hes now in federal prison.I certainlydont want that.可知，Bob Thal m a n 害怕自己因不交税而像他认识的一个人那样被抓进监狱。说明好几年不交税有可能要坐牢。题干叙述正确，故 选A。第 22题、TheUS income tax system will be simplified in the next few years.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned我的答案：参考答案：C答案解析：本句意思、：在未来几年，美国将简化所得税体制。短文主要介绍了美国的所得税体制以及年轻人是通过何种方式完成这一“难办的”申报过程的，但并未提及美国会简化这一体制，故 选 C。8概括大意与完成句子1 A hundred years ago this week,a gigantic explosion ripped（撕裂）openthe dawn sky above a forest in western Siberia,leaving a scientific riddlethat endures to this day.2 A dazzling light pierced the heavens,followed by a shock waveas strong as 1,000 atomic bombs.The explosion flattened 80 million treesacross an area of 2,000 square kilometers.The fireball was so great that,a day later,Londoners could read their newspapers under the night sky.What caused the so-called Tunguska E vent,named after the nearbyPodkamennaya Tunguska river,still remains a mystery.3 E xperts suspect it was a rock that,after traveling in space formillions of years,was destined to crash to E arth at exactly 7:17 a.m.on June 30,1908.This possibility worries scientists.Imagine anunspotted asteroid（小 行 星）hitting a significant chunk（块）ofland.and imagine if that area,unlike Tunguska,were populated,，z theBritish science journal Nature commented recently.4 But no fragments of the rock have ever been found.Finding suchevidence would be important,for it would increase our knowledge aboutthe risk posed by dangerous Near E arth Objects（NE Os）,say Italianresearchers Luca Gasperini,E nrico Bonatti and Giuseppe Longo.When thenext Tunguska NE O approaches,scientists will have to decide whether totry to deflect（使偏转）it or blow it up in space.5 However,several rival theories for the Tunguska E vent exist.Wolfgang Kundt,a professor at Germanys Bonn University,believes theTunguska E vent was caused by a massive escape of 10 million tons of methane（甲烷）-rich gas from deep within earths crust.Some people hold that theexplosion was caused by an alien spaceship crash,or a black hole in theuniverse.23-26选项A.Competing E xplanationsB.Unknown AttacksC.Mysterious E xplosionD.Star WarE.Importance of Finding E videnceF.E xplanation that Worries Scientists27-30选项A.has remained a puzzleB.lacks sufficient evidenceC.is a university professorD.was generated by the explosionE.will kill many animalsF.are attacked by aliens第23题、Paragraph 29我的答案：我的答案：参考答案：C答案解析：第二段主要描述了通古斯爆炸事件的场面和这样命名此次事件的原因，并且说到爆炸的原因仍然成谜，故 选 C。第 24题、Paragraph 3我的答案：我的答案：参考答案：F答案解析：第三段主要介绍了科学家们怀疑爆炸是由陨石撞击地球造成的，并且他们很担心如果类似事件发生在人口密集的区域，后果将不堪设想，故 选 F。第 25题、Paragraph 4我的答案：我的答案：参考答案：E答案解析：第四段首先提到，科学家们没有找到任何由陨石撞击地球造成的碎屑或线索，接着又说找到证据就能加深人们对近地天体的认识与了解。本段主要强调了找到爆炸事件证据的重要性，故 选 E。第 26题、Paragraph 5我的答案：我的答案：参考答案：A答案解析：第五段提到其他有关通古斯爆炸事件的解释，有些科学家认为此次爆炸是由大量甲烷气体从地壳中泄漏引起的，有些则认为是由外星人的飞船撞击造成的，各种意见争执不下，故选A。10第27题、Thegigantic explosion that occurred a hundred years ago.我的答案：我的答案：参考答案：A答案解析：本句意思：一百年前发生的这场大爆炸 o可定位到文章第一段，根据“A hundred years ago this week,a gigantic explosion ripped open the dayabove a forest in western Siberia,leaving a scientific riddle that enduresto this day.”可知，这场一百年前的大爆炸破坏力巨大，即便到今天仍旧是个谜，riddle对应选项A中的puzzle,故选A。第28题、Theshock wave which fol lowed the dazzling light.我的答案：我的答案：参考答案：D答案解析：本句意思：闪光之后的冲击波 o根据文章第二段第一句A dazzlinglight oierlced the heavens,followed by a shock wave as strong as 1,000atomic bombs.可知，闪光和冲击波都是由大爆炸造成的，故选D。第29题、Thehypothesis that the explosion was caused by a rock colliding with the E arth我的答案：我的答案：参考答案：B答案解析：本句意思：爆 炸 是 由 陨 石 撞 击 地 球 造 成 的 假 设。文章第三、四段出现相关内容，根据第四段第一句话But no fragments of the rock have everbeen found（科学家们未找到任何“陨石”的碎屑）.”可知，这项假设缺乏足够证据，故选B。第30题、Wolfgang Kundt,who has developed an alternative theory,.我的答案：我的答案：11参考答案：C答案解析：本句意思：Wolff gang K undt提出了另一个理论，他。文章第五段出现该人名，并且根据Wolfgang Kundt,a professor at Germany s Bonnuniversity”可知，他是德国波恩大学的一位教授，故选C。阅读理解Sports Star Yao MingIf Yao Ming is not the biggest sports star in the world,he isalmost certainly the tallest.At 2.26m,he is the tallest player in theNational Basketball Association（NBA）and holds the record as the mosttowering Olympian ever to compete in the Games.But what really stands out about the giant center is his celebrity（名气）.Few,if any,Chinese athletes are as well-known as Yao around theworld.People across the globe are fascinated with Yao,not only for hisbasketball prowess（杰 出 的 才 能）but also for being a symbol ofinternational commerce.When Yao joined the Houston Rockets as the No.1 pick in the 2002NBA draft（选拔），he was the first international player ever to be selectedfirst.His assets on the court are clear enough一no NBA player of his sizehas ever possessed his mobility,so he is a handful（难对付的人）foropponents on either end of the court.But what makes Yao invaluable tothe Rockets organization is his role as a global citizen and as a bridgeto millions of potential basketball fans in China.When it was announced in February that Yao would miss the restof the NBA season and possibly the Olympics with a stress fracture（骨折）in his left foot,a collective shudder（震动）spread across China.After considerable debate and discussion,Yao opted to get his footsurgically treated in an operation that placed several tiny screws acrossthe bone,to offer his overburdened foot more support.The surgery wasa success,and though the estimated four-month recovery period will leavehim little time to prepare with Team China,Yao has vowed to be ready forthe Beijing Olympics.Yao wrapped up a 10-day trip to China,where he underwent a seriesof traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）treatments,hoping to acceleratehis recovery process.Western experts are generally skeptical of TCMs benefits,although new research from the university of Rochestersuggests that a certain compound derived from shellfish may indeedstimulate bone repair.“There is no reason to dismiss TCM,Yao told a press conferencein Beijing.Its been used in our country for thousands of years.I dont think that its short on science.12第 31题、Theword towering in Paragraph 1 means.A.largeB.fatC.tallD.great我的答案：参考答案：C答案解析：词义猜测题。由第一段“If Yao Ming is not the biggest sports star inthe world,he is almost certainly the tallest.“可知,如果姚明不是世界上最闪耀的球星，那他一定是最高的那个。此外，第一段都在强调他的身高，且根据tower（塔）一词也可联想到“（像塔一样）高 耸 的 ，故 选 C。第 32题、Opponents find it very difficult to control Yao Ming because of h