2023年中考英语阅读理解热点话题练习 专题01 碳中和碳达峰与环境保护（含答案）.pdf

2023年中考英语阅读理解热点话题练习（中考真题+名校最新模拟真题）专题0 1 碳中和/碳达峰与环境保护（2022内蒙古包头中考真题）More than 1,000 schools across the UK have signed up（报名）to a projectwith the aim of helping schools become carbon neutral（碳平衡的）by 2030.Carbon neutral means cutting downcarbon emissions（碳排放）to zero or balancing them out in other ways.Carbon emissions are gases such as carbondioxide（CO2）that come out into the atmosphere,where they make climate change worse.This has also causedthe temperature rise.Emissions are caused by all sorts of human activities,such as burning fossil fuels（coal,oil and gas）to makeenergy,cutting down forests and some types of farming.Becoming carbon neutral includes cutting the amount ofcarbon emissions a school produces and balancing those that are left by taking some carbon out of the atmosphere.The project also shows how small changes can make a big difference.These might include thinking carefullyabout energy use,cutting waste,growing food closer to where its eaten and walking or cycling to school if it ispossible.Ways of balancing out the carbon emissions that a school still makes include planting trees and plants thattake in CO2 as they grow.Ysgol Bro Dinefwr Secondary School in Wales has promised to run entirely on renewable（可再生的）energy（such as wind and solar power）within the next three years.At Down High School in Northern Ireland,the studentsare looking after their own bees.So when flowers and crops produce food,that helps.Other schools have projectsto cut food waste by weighing it after each meal to know how much is not being eaten.Some put the waste into asystem that can turn this waste into useful things.They will be put on the garden to help plants grow.Climate change is seen as a major global challenge.We can see it all around us.So join together,find out waysyour school can put efforts to,and talk to a teacher about signing up.1.Which statement would the author most probably agree with?A.Human activities influence the environment.B.The fight against climate change will not succeed.C.More UK schools should be introduced to the world.D.We could deal with the climate change without changing our behavior.2.How could the schools reduce carbon emissions?A.By moving to the countryside.B.By cutting waste and planting trees.C.By providing more spaces for students.D.By burning coal instead of gas to make energy.3.Why does the author give examples of the schools in paragraph 4?A.To praise these schools.C.To call for more schools to take action.4.What is the best title for the text?A.How to Help Plants GrowB.To show the difficulties in the project.D.To explain the efforts made by the government.B.Schools Sign Up to Help the PlanetC.Carbon Emissions in the UK SchoolsD.Our Planet,a Wonderful Living Place（2022重庆中考真题）The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great success.China has kept the promiseto hold a green Olympics.Many green actions made it possible,like providing environmentally friendly smart beds,using new energy（能源）cars,supporting sporting places with 100%clean energy and reusing rain and snow water.Take making ice as an example.China didnt use R507,a common material to make ice,because it isnt friendlyenough to the environment.Through 18 months hard work,China independently developed the CO2 direct coolingtechnology.A net of tubes runs under the ice.High-pressure liquid（液态）CO2 goes through them to create heat（热）exchange.The CO2 evaporates（蒸发）under the ice surface.The evaporation takes in heat and turns water on thesurface into ice.And the CO2 goes into another circle.This technology helps to make ice better and faster.Andabove all,it is much greener because theres no new CO2 produced.Among all the 15 ice sporting places in theWinter Olympics,7 used the CO2 direct cooling technology to make ice.As a result,much less pollution wascaused.Beijing did so much more to save energy.Beijing built the new sporting places with green materials.As for theold ones,Beijing used new glass walls to take the place of traditional walls to let more natural light in.70%of thewaste heat was also reused to keep warm and dry.And a large number of new energy cars were used at the Beijing2022 Winter Olympics.The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is the first to truly achieve carbon neutrality（碳中和），and it has set newstandards in green technologies.Some newspapers say China has set an example for the world in environmentalprotection and green development.5.How long did it take China to develop the CO2 direct cooling technology?A.18 months.B.100 weeks.C.15 days.D.7 years.6.The writer writes Para.3 to s how.A.why the CO2 goes into another circleB.how the new ice-making technology helpedC.how sporting places used the new technologyD.why the liquid CO2 runs through the net of tubes7.According to the passage,we can infer（推断）that.A.all the buildings will be built with glass walls in the near futureB.the C02 direct cooling technology may be widely used in the worldC.the high-pressure liquid CO2 will totally take the place of R507 soonD.no new standards in green technologies may be set after the Olympics8.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A.A New Green Ice-making TechnologyB.Green Technologies Used in SportsC.A Shared Future of Green DevelopmentD.The Green Beijing Winter Olympics（2022山东临沂市河东区教育科学研究与发展中心一模）Climate change is a big problem humans arefacing.How can we deal with it?Reducing carbon emissions（碳升F 放）is important.But what if we could capturecarbon dioxide（CO2）from the air and use it to do other things?Recently,SpaceX founder Elon Musk said that his company is working on a new program.Its going to takeCO2 out of the air and turn it into rocket fuel.It will not only be good for Earth,but will also be important for Mars,“Musk said.The air on Mars is madeup of 95 percent CO2.If we could turn CO2 into fuel,we could travel the long journey from Mars back to Earth inthe future.The idea may sound strange but its not totally crazy.There are already some technologies that might help withthis.According to Di-Jia Liu,a chemist at the Argonne National Laboratory in the US,the carbon atoms（原子）inCO2 and the hydrogen（氢）atoms in water can be combined to make methane（甲烷）or ethanol（乙醇）.They couldbe used as fuel.If we do this on Mars,energy from the sun might be used as a calalyst（催化剂）.The idea will also make space travel more eco-friendly.t4If the CO2-based fuel could be used in a rocket launch,we could prevent 715 tons of CO2 from being put into the air,“said Stafford Sheehan from Air Company,a UScompany that focuses on CO2 collecting technologies.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。9.What is SpaceX working on?A.Reducing CO2 emissions.B.Building a new rocket.C.Turning CO2 into fuel.10.What advantage will the program bring if it succeeds?A.It will take energy from the sun.B.It will make it easier to travel from Mars to Earth.C.It will take 95 percent of CO2 out of the air.11.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A.How CO2 can be turned into fuel.B.Where CO2 can be taken.C.How the energy from the sun can be used.12.What can we learn from what Stafford Sheehan said?A.Scientists use 715 tons of CO2 to launch a rocket.B.There will be no CO2 emissions anymore.C.SpaceXs idea would be good for the environment.（2022辽宁沈阳模拟预测）We usually think that garbage is useless and dirty.However,an art exhibitionin 2019 proves that,useless,things can actually be helpful.Dear Pretty Rubbish,an art event organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature（WWFN）and digital mediaart company Blackbow,was held in Beijing.It looked at wasteful garbage and asked questions about the relationshipbetween our lifestyles and our garbage.“We hope that everyone who visited the show can think about how useless things are produced,why they aretossed out.and whether useless things are really useless”,said Cao Yujia,the design director at Blackbow.Artists Zhou Yuxuan and Liu Yifan collected nylon cable ties,LED lights and plastic bottles from designers5workshops to create a work where plastics,in the shape of cells,“grow in a come匚 There,the lights blink（闪烁）regularly just like“breathing”.When people walk near it,the work responds by showing light patterns,as ifcommunicating with the visitors.Speaking about the work,Zhou said:Its like some kind of communication between humans and plastics.Plastic has a life longer than almost any creature,taking centuries to break down.Though people think plasticsdamage the environment,they are a big part of our daily lives.t4So we want to ask the question:Although thedamage continues,is there a way for humans to reconcile（和解）with plastics?said Zhou.13.Which phrase can take the place of the underlined phrase“tossed out”?A.worked out B.used up C.thrown away D.put off14.Which of the following might Zhou agree with?A.Useless things are really useless.B.Artists should make works from garbage.C.Plastics should be left to break down on their own.D.Humans should find a better way to deal with plastics.15.Which word can best describe the art event?A.Creative B.Wasteful C.Balanced D.Awful16.Which is the best title of the text?A.Try new ways to reduce garageC.Live peacefully with“garbage”（2022广东南山实验教育集团三模）B.Plastic pollution around usD.Communications between human beings and natureClimate change is a global challenge.One way to fight it is by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in theair.New research shows that trees planted in China have helped in this fight.A recent study in the journal Nature shows that the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed（吸收）by new forestsin two parts of China is more than we thought.These areas are in the northeastern Heilongjiang and Jilin provincesand the southwestern Yunnan and Guizhou provinces and Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region.They make up about35 percent of Chinas land-based（基于陆地的）carbon sinks（碳汇）.A carbon sink is a natural area like a forest orocean that absorbs more-carbon dioxide than it emits（打 F 放）.Carbon sinks help to reduce the amount of CO2 in theatmosphere.Chinas goal is to peak（达到峰值）its CO2 emissions（排放）before 2030 and reach carbon neutrality（中和）by 2060,Xinhua reported.Carbon neutrality refers to removing as much CO2 as one puts into the air.According to study co-author Yi Liu at the Chinese Academy of Sciences,tthe afforestation（植树造林）activities described in our Nature paper will play a role in reaching that goal.17.A recent study in Nature shows that.A.China has serious air pollution B.China has planted the most trees in the worldC.China has fewer CO2 emissions（排放）now D.China has planted fewer trees18.Carbon sinks will.A.absorb more CO2 than they emit B.C.release less CO2 into the air D.19.According to Xinhua,Chi na.A.is the worlds largest emitter of CO2 B.C.will not release CO2 in the future D.give off CO2 emissions more quicklyhave no CO2 in their airwill bring CO2 emissions down after 2030will reach carbon neutrality by 203020.Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the passage?A.One way to fight climate is by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.B.Trees planted in China have helped fight against climate change.C.New forests in two parts of China absorbed more carbon dioxide than we thought.D.35 percent of Chinas land has been affected by CO2 emission.21.What do we know from the story?A.It takes a long time for carbon sinks to form.B.Climate change is no longer a serious problem.C.More trees will be planted in China in the future.D.China has beaten climate change.（2022重庆模拟预测）Recently,the tcnn“carbon neutral（碳中和）“has been used frequently at someimportant meetings in many countries.Many countries have put forward the goal of striving（奋斗目标）to becarbon neutral.China is expected to be carbon neutral by 206 0.So,as middle school students,what can we do toprotect the environment and live a low carbon life?Here are some suggestions for you.Travel in a green way.Now more Chinese people have cars of their own.It has brought us a lot of benefitsbut has created some serious problems as well.So wed better do more walking,cycling and less driving.By doingso,we can save energy and reduce pollution.Cut down white pollution.We should reduce the pollution of plastic bags.When you go to the supermarket,bring your own shopping bags.Save water.Lack（缺乏）of water resources will affect the ecological environment（生态环境）.So please turnoff the tap after using it.Sort（分类）the rubbish.Doing garbage classification（垃圾分类）in a right way can turn waste into wealth.Plant more trees.Planting more trees means cutting down and reducing the carbon footprint（碳足迹）andspreading of greenhouse gases（气体）.Use both sides of the paper.The paper production process uses a lot of trees.Now is the time that we should take up our responsibility to protect our environment from being polluted.Lefs join our hands and take actions immediately.22.How many suggestions does the writer give in the passage to be carbon neutral?A.5 B.6 C.7 D.823.In order to protect the environment and live a low carbon life,we can.walk,cycle more and drive less use plastic bags while shoppinguse only one side of the paper turn off the water after using itdo garbage classification in a right wayA.B.C.D.24.The purpose of the passage is.A.to call us to cut down white pollutionB to advise us to travel in a green wayC.to give suggestions on why to plant more treesD.to give advice on how to protect the environment25.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Live a low carbon life.C.Travel in a green way.B.Sort the rubbish.D.Save the world.Its commonly known that greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide(CO2)causes global warming.The wholeworld has made great efforts to improve the situation.Among them,the trees planted in China are playing animportant role.A report published in Nature shows that CO2 absorption(吸收)in two new forest areas in China is more thanwe thought.The two areas are located in Chinas southwestern and northeastern provinces.They make up over 35percent of Chinas carbon sinks.Carbon sinks are natural systems that absorb and store CO2 from the air.The mainnatural carbon sinks are trees and other plants.According to Paul Palmer,these provinces have been working on rapid forestation(造林)in large areas.Overthe past 10 to 15 years,the forest areas have kept increasing by 400-4,400 square kilometers per year.China is one of the worlds biggest countries of human-produced CO2,.In 1978,China began anational-level forestation project.Many trees have planted in the areas of northern China to act as windbreaks.Forexample,about one third of the Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia is now covered with trees.In 2019,Alipays AntForest program planted 122 million trees and won the UN Champions of the Earth award for helping 500 millionpeople live low-carbon lives.Chinas goal is to reach carbon neutrality by 2060.Carbon neutrality refers to removing as much CO2 as oneputs into the air.If Chinas goal is achieved,it will lower global wanning by around 0.2 to 0.3 alone,accordingto Climate Action Tracker(CAT).26.Chinas carbon sinks are mainly located in the.A.southeast and northeast B.southwest and northeastC.southeast and northwest D.southwest