222年湖北中考英语真题(武汉黄石黄冈荆州等)分项汇编专题4阅读理解(说明文)(含详解).pdf

2022年中考英语真题分项汇编（湖北专用）专题04 阅读理解（说明文）一、（2022湖北荆州中考真题）Do you know how to take notes?Here are some useful tips.Dont write everything down.Pay more attention to the main points.You should write key words or very short sentences.You may use your own words,but try not to change the speakers meaning.Dont worry about missing something during the speech.Dont take notes on paper that you might easily lose.Keep your notes in a notebook.Read your notes often.This will help you remember them later.1.What should you write when taking notes?A.Everything you hear.B.Some key words.C.Long sentences.D.Lessimportant points.2.According to the passage,itm ight be best to take notes on.A.pieces of paper B.the textbook C.a notebook D.your desk3.What should you do if you want to learn from your notes?A.Read them often.B.Make them longer.C.Change the speakers meaning.D.Spend less time on them.二、（2022湖北荆州中考真题）As we can learn from the story in our textbook,guide dogs are the eyes of blind people.But howcan they be so helpful?The answer is simple.Guide dogs practice to be helpful.As part of the training,guide dogs practice getting to the places their owners will need to go.But before this,guide dogs mustreceive training in many other areas.This is because guiding a person safely is more important than justknowing where to go.Suppose a tree branch（树枝）is lying on the road in front of a blind person and his guide dog.Since the person cannot see the branch,its up to the dog to let him know jt is there.If the branch issmall the dog may help guide its owner around it.If it is large,the dog will stop the person.Then heknows there is something in the way.He will work with his dog to find a way past the branch.Many people think a guide dog tells its owner when they can cross the road.This is not true.Instead,the dog usually stops its owner when they have reached the end of a road.Then the blind personlistens to their situation and considers if it is safe to cross the road.A blind person and his dog alwayswork as a team.4.About guide dogs,we can know from the first paragraph.A.blind people cant afford a guide dog B.not all dogs can be trained to be helpfulC.dogs are born to be helpful to blind people D.guide dogs learn to be helpful through training5.The underlined word it in Paragraph 2 refers to A.the road B.the tree branch C.the blind person D.the dog6.If there is a large branch on the road in front of its owner,the guide dog will.A.stop its owner B.ask someone for helpC.move it with its owner D.guide its owner around it7.According to the passage,who will decideif it is safe for a blind person to cross a road?A.The blind person himself.B.His guide dog.C.Both he and his guide dog.D.A police officer.三、（2022湖北荆州中考真题）Robots may seem smart,but they cannot even pick up a chess piece.Lefs take a look at some tasksthat are easy for kids but not for robots.Pick things upPicking things up is not easy.If we drop our pencil on the floor,our brains work hard.First,wemust find the pencil.Then we move our hands to it.A robot cannot always move its hand to the rightplace.When we touch the pencil,it might roll（滚动）a little bit.Robots cannot easily understand thiseither.So,if you drop a pencil on the floor,a robot will probably roll it around the room.Get around in large spaceIf someone drops us in a building weve never been to,we might feel a bit lost.But we can lookaround,find a door and get out quickly.But a robot will look everywhere for a door,even on ceilings（天花板）and floors.This is because its hard for them to understand spaces,especially large,blankthings such as walls or ceilings.Understand the world made by peopleCommon sense”is what we dont need to think or talk about.Because of common sense,we donot look for doors on the ceiling.We pick up a coffee cup by its handle（把手）.We feel whether it hascoffee inside,and whether its hot.A robot?It may turn the cup upside down.It may hold the hot part of the cup.Scientists have triedteaching robots common-sense rules.But even huge databases（数据库）dont help much.Maybe theyneed more time to leam.8.What may happen when a robot tries to pick up a pencil?A.It may break the pencil.B.It may roll the pencil.C.It may not find the pencil.D.It may watch the pencil roll.9.What will a robot do in order to find a door?A.Dig a big hole in the wall.B.Only look for large and blank things.C.Search everywhere even the ceilings.D.Drop itself in a comer in the building.10.What can we learn about common sense from the last two paragraphs?A.Robots can teach themselves common sense.B.Robots have the same common sense as humans.C.Scientists tried teaching robots common-sense rules.D.Huge databases help much for robots to learn common sense.11.What can we learn from the passage?A.Robots are not helpful to humans at all.B.Robots are good at picking up small things.C.It is easy for robots to understand large spaces.D.Robots have trouble understanding our world.四、（2022湖北恩施中考真题）Nagasaki University（N.U.）in Japan will no longer accept teachers who smoke.It wants to create ahealthier environment for workers and students.The universitys president S.Kono said,t4Our job is tolook after our staff（职员）.We think we have to discourage them from smoking.He added,There willbe no smoking anywhere in the university from August 2022.Whats more,staff and students cant takecigarettes into any areas of the university from next year.,5N.U/s no-smoking policy is part of a trend inJapan to end smoking in public.There are now bans（禁令）in many public places,including restaurantsand bars.There are many areas in Tokyo and Kyoto where people cannot smoke on the streets.The number of people who smoke in Japan is falling.In 1966,49%of adults smoked,including84%of men.Last year,18%of adults smoked,including 28%of men.Many companies have alsostarted not using smokers.One company in Tokyo is trying to get its staff to give up smoking.It isproviding extra（额外的）days off for staff members who do not smoke.Several members soon gave upthe habit.12.N.U.refuses smokers to be teachers in order to.A.create a healthier environment B.attract more studentsC.make itself more famous D.reduce the waste13.If you work at N.U.in 2023,you in the school.A.can only smoke somewhere B.will be able to buy cigarettesC.should avoid taking cigarettes D.will be accepted even if you smoke14.How does the company in Tokyo encourage people to give up smoking?A.By giving more money.B.By providing extra days off.C.By providing a free trip.D.By praising them orally.15.What can we know from the last paragraph?A.Many companies have started using smokers.B.There are no smokers in Japan.C.The number of the smokers in Japan is smaller.D.Half of adults smoked last year.16.What is the main idea of the article?A.N.U.starts the no-smoking policy.B.The staff incompanies give up smoking.C.Smoking ends in Tokyo and Kyoto.D.The no-smoking policy in Japan works well.五、（2022湖北恩施中考真题）Recently,cloud tourism has attracted millions of people in China.Cloud tourism refers to anew form of travel that depends on high technologies such as 5G and virtual reality（虚拟现实）.During the May Day Holiday,250 million people took an online tour by livestream（直播）onTikTok（the short video app）.Taishan,a popular channel,livestreamed the sunrise at the top of MountTai on May 1st and attracted 330,000 views.China Daily made a survey of 2,000 people on cloud tourism.According to the survey results,74.8%of them said they were willing to take an online tour and 59.79%said they had a good onlinetraveling experience.”【hate large crowds and long queues（队 歹 U）,which make me annoyed when visiting museums inperson,said Wang Bo,a museum lover in Beijing.Whats more,cloud tourism helps cut travelingcost and offers more tourist attractions.,“Cloud tourism has made huge contributions to the local development and a rise in sales ofcultural products after livestreaming shows,according to Xinhua News Agency.17.What is“cloud tourism?A.A new app.B.A new way of travel.C.A new tourist attraction.D.A popular channel.18.How many people had a good online traveling experience according to China Dailys survey?A.About 500.B.About 800.C.About 1,200.D.About 1,500.19.What does the underlined word“annoyed“mean in Paragraph 4?A.angry B.excitedC.relaxed D.useless20.Where can we read the article?A.In a poster.B.In a notice.C.In a novel.D.In a newspaper.21.Which of the following about cloud tourism is WRONG?A.It helps cut traveling cost.B.It makes tourist attractions more crowded.C.It offers more tourist attractions.D.It increases the sales of cultural products.六、（2022湖北江汉油田、潜江、天门、仙桃中考真题）Starting with this fall term,students in primary and middle schools will have at least one courseevery week on basic household skills such as cleaning and cooking,according to a new curriculumstandard（课程标准）for labor education in compulsory（强制的；义务的）education made by thegovernment.Should household skills be made compulsory at schools?Michael:By learning basic skills like cooking,cleaning and maintaining home appliances（电器）children can learn how to take care of themselves and live independently.Parents wont always be thereto help their children with every problem theyll meet in their lives.They need to leam new things,make mistakes,solve problems and grow from their experiences.It is necessary for children to learnthese important lifesaving skills as early as possible.Eliza:Many students have to study for the whole day and simply dont have the time to developtheir interests.A compulsory household skills class can give them more chances to meet various aspectsof life and help them discover different passions.Some children who are interested in food or those whohave an interest in maintaining home appliances can develop these skills in the class.Jade:There are only limited hours in a school day.With all the required classes there is not enoughtime fbr household courses.I think it is something that parents need to do at home with their children,having them help around the house with cooking,cleaning,washing,planting.etc.Remember schoolcant teach your children everything.They need you,too!Ben:Household courses should be made optional（可选择的）for students.They should be giventhe choice to take whatever they like.If one wants to cook dishes,he or she is welcome.But it shouldnot be made compulsory and forced onto every student.Linda:Schools should have cooking classes.Children will be taught about their food,where itcomes from,how to use the cooking tools properly and how to cook nutritiously.Many parents donthave this knowledge and have no time or energy to do this.A household class would provide theknowledge and training that parents are unable to give their children.Maria:I learned some basic cooking skills from my mother,but most of them were learned after Igraduated from college,from cooking books and online short videos.Household skills like cooking aremuch more useful than a lot of what is taught in schools,but it does require some fully equipped（配备齐全的）kitchens.I hope these classes will benefit（使受益）students and not be seen as windowdressing.22.Jade thinks household c o u r s e s.A.should be made optional B.are good fbr students,growthC.should be taught by parents at home D.can help children develop their interests23.The underlined phrase-window dressing probably means A.good look but not clever B.good form but not achievableC.good taste but not healthy D.good style but not popular24.The main purpose of the passage is to.A.show different ideas about household coursesB.introduce something about household coursesC.encourage students to study household coursesD.tell parents the importance of household courses七、（2022湖北随州中考真题）Dear Jordon,!dont know how to chat（聊天）with my classmates because we do not share thesame interests.We dont have anything to talk about.I am very lonely.What should I do?JennyDear Jenny,To make friends,you must first be friendly.Everyone likes a friendly girl with a smile.You can give your classmates a compliment（称赞）.Say something nice about their dressing styles orskills.Second,ask a question to start chatting.Find out what interests them and talk about that,even if itdoesnt interest you a lot.Ask your classmates questions and let them be the experts.The conversationis more important than the topic.Finally,talk to more people.Say hello to the people you meet.Sit withdifferent groups of people in the dining hall.If one person doesnt want to talk with you,find someoneelse to chat with.Dont just think about being lonely.Do something about it!Smile and say hello,evento the people who arent your friends.Doing things differently will help produce different results.Jordon25.What is Jennys problem?A.She cant get good grades.B.She doesnt have any interests.C.She is too shy to say aw ord in public.D.She doesnt know how to chat with her classmates.26.To be friendly,you can do the following E XCE P T.A.smile to others B.talk to more peopleC.say something nice aboutothers9 skills D.give a good compliment to others27.Who is easier to make friends with others according to the passage?A.John,who doesnt want to talk to others.B.Bob,who seldom says nice words to his classmates.C.Tom,who doesnt have the same interests with others.D.Alice,who often asks her classmates about math questions politely.28.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Jennys school life is wonderful.B.Jordon doesnt give helpful advice.C.Jenny cant get on well with her classmates.D.Jordon advises Jenny not to speak to strangers.八、（2022湖北随州中考真题）。，Do you have any online classes?It is possible to take classes at home.All youneed is a computer and a headset.However,most students dont seem to like online classes.According to a recent survey,only 33percent of the students would take such classes.Over 1,500 students from 10 cities took part in thesurvey.Many students said it was hard to focus on studying while taking online classes.This was true fbrLian Ruohan,15,at the Affiliated High School of Peking University.There are no classmates and noreal teachers watching me.I can surf the Internet or do other things if I want to.Its harder to alwaysstay focused,she said.Lian prepares a lot before taking her classes to make sure she will keep herattention.She also pushes herself to communicate with teachers.Students can come up with or answerquestions while taking online classes.Wen Jiayi,14,at Yucai Middle School Attached to Chengdu No.7 High School,thinks onlineinteraction（互动）isnt enough.t6The online teachers dont really get to know me.When I dont hand inhomework,all I get is a short message instead of real concern（关心）she said.However,online classes still have advantages.4It saves time and money compared with takingoffline classes.Also,if I dont understand some parts of a lesson,I can watch it over again,“Lian said.29.Many students t hi nk.A.it is impossible to take online classes at homeB,its hard to focus on studying while taking online classesC.they have to prepare a lot before taking online classesD.they cant communicate with the teachers