山东省潍坊市寒亭区、奎文区、坊子区、高新区、滨海区2022年中考一模英语试题（含答案与解析）.pdf
2022年初中学业水平考试模拟题（一）英语试题1.本试题满分80分，考试时间为90分钟；2.答卷前务必将试题密封线内及答题卡上面的项目填涂清楚。所有答案都必须涂、写在答题卡相应位置，答在本试卷上一律无效；3.非选择题用黑色钢笔或碳素笔作答。友情提示:相信自己，祝你成功！一、阅读理解（共 15小题;每小题2 分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWelcome to the Neighborhood Book Club,many kids in our community chose their favourite English booksthis year,here are top four.瞬The year is near 2100.Climate change has made the world too hot.Many animals have died.But Ahab and his friends might have found thelast frog.Together,they try to save frogs and the future.A MILLIONwDOLLARGrant Falloon and Jay Faatasi are track（田径）stars.The twofriends enter a race together.The race is to find the worlds fastest kid.The prize is a million dollars.But they soon find out there are moredangers.HI3Jaimes friends no longer like her.They decide to kick her out ofthe group.Jaimes best friend Maya tells her the news.But the two girlsbecome even closer.Together,they learn about what a true friend is.制TO物、Alberta was the only Black girl in her California town.That is until12-year-old Edie moves in across the street.The two girls becomefriends.One day they find hidden journals.The journals tell about racistf、出 j jevents.Together,they try to find out who wrote the journals.1.Which book gives an example in the future?A.One Small HopC.Just Jaime2.The fourth book mainly talks about.A.why Edie moved to CaliforniaC.what Alberta and Edie do together3.The topic of these books is.A.school life B.friendshipB.The Million Dollar RaceD.The Only Black Girls in TownB.how old Alberta and Edie areD.where Alberta found hidden journalsC.communicationD.social behaviourBA junk food is bad for the body,especially fbr kids brains.But healthy food and exercise are good for thebrain.These things help keep the brain healthy.Alexandra Richardson is a researcher.She said the brain needs fat.We get this fat from food.But not all fatsare the same.Junk food has bad fats.But our brains need good fats.They are called C-3 fats.Theyre in fish,somenuts and oils,etc.Q-3 fats help build healthy brain cells.Junk food may be behind attention problems.That is because it doesnt have good fats.More good fats makebrains healthy.Exercise is good for the brain,too.It can help fight harm from junk food.Two important things happen in the brain when we exercise.The first is brains reward system（奖励系统）.Itmakes us feel good when we do something we like.Eating junk food excites the reward system.But when weexercise,the reward system becomes less sensitive（敏感的）to hunger.Exercise makes you no hungrier.Thismeans we dont find junk food as rewarding.A second important thing is that exercise has the body make BDNF.It helps brain cells grow.It also helpsmake connections between different parts of the brain stronger.Exercise makes these connections better.Theseconnections help us weigh risks（权衡风险）better and make better decisions.Young kids know that junk food affects（影响）our body.It can make us unhealthy.But its important to knowthat it also can affect the brain,too.4.Why good fats are important?A.The brain needs fat.B.Theyre in some nuts and oils.C.Not all fats are the same.D.C-3 fats help build healthy brain cells.5.According to the passage,what problems may junk food cause?A.attention problems B.vision problems C.physical fatness D.healthy life6.How does exercise help the brain?A.It has the body make BDNF.B.It makes people want to eat more.C.It helps the brain make good fats.7.Which might be the best title for the passage?A.A junk food is bad for the body.C.Exercise helps make better food choices.D.It protects the brain from cells.B.Good fats lead to good brain health.D.Healthy food and exercise can help a young brain.cEmoji are small pictures in e-mail or text messages.You can use emoji to tell people about your thinking orfeelings.The first emoji was created by Shigetaka Kurita in Japan in the 1990s.He worked at a phone company.Hiswork e-mails could only have 250 characters,like letters or numbers.Emoji are only one character each,but theycan be used to say more.Since then,emoji have become popular around the world.You can use emoji no matterwhere you live and what language you speak.A company called Unicode in California manages new emoji.Each year,it puts out（发布）new emoji.Doyou have an idea for a new emoji?You can send it to Unicode.If the company like your idea,it can take up to twoyears to create and put out the new emoji.To get Unicode to accept your idea for a new emoji,you have to follow some rules.The emoji must bedifferent from the ones that are already being used.It should also be able to be used with existing（现有的）emoji.It should also have more than one meaning.One example is the crying face emoji.It is different from other emoji.You can use it with other emoji to showyour feelings.Also,it can mean many different things.The meaning of the crying face emoji has changed.It doesnol always mean a person is sad.It could also mean they ihink something is very funny!Today,kids growing up with emoji use them a lot.Young people change the meaning of emoji so they can usethem to express themselves.8.Why do people like to use emoji?A They can help you express yourself.B.They can mean many different things.C.They are used online or in text messages.D.They are some pictures in email or text messages.9.What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word“character“in Paragraph 2?A.性格 B.表情 C.符号 D.意思10 Where is the new emoji from?A.Young people who like use the emoji.C.Anyone who has an idea for the new emoji.B.Kids who are growing up with the emoji.D.People who work in the company named Unicode.11.Which rules does the underlined sentence follow in paragraph 5?A.The emoji must be different from the ones.B.The emoji should have more than one meaning.C.The emoji should be only made of one character.D.The emoji should be able to be used with existingemoji.DThis year is the Year of the Tiger.12Do you know anyone bom in the Year of the Tiger?Whats their personality like?Are they brave,strong anddetermined（有决心、的）?If so,then they are a typical“tiger”.In Chinese culture,tigers are seen as the king of all animals.13 Tigers are seen as fearless animals,sothat飞 why in China you can see images of tigers on the walls of temples（庙）and houses to ward off（分 区 除）badluck and danger.14 For example,in South Korea,the animal is a symbol of justice,humanity and righteousness（正直）in local folk tales.15 Brave soldiers were once nicknamed“the lion”.Englands King Richard I is known as theLionheart,In Europe,the animal is a national symbol of England as well as for Norway,Spain,Belgium and 13other countries.But in the West,tigers are also seen as very powerful.In English,if you want someone to calm down you cansay to them“easy tiger”.Another famous phrase is eye of the tiger”,which means to have fierceness（凶猛）andstrength.根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，有一项是多余选项。A.What does tiger mean in cultures?B.They stand for power,energy,and protection.C.Tigers and lions are called kings of the wild animals.D.Instead of tigers,in the West,lions are considered the king of all animals.E.Tigers have an important cultural meaning not just in China,but across Asia.二、语言知识运用（共 20小题;满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共 10小题;每小题1分。满分10分）A旦FRfinufnSTEHThe sailor stood at the top of the mast（桅杆），high above the Captain.His hand pointed away from the ship,across the miles of ice that 16 the sea.The Captain saw something coming fast 17 the ship across the ice.He put his telescope to his eye,andthrough it he could see the 18 of ten dogs pulling a sledge（雪橇）over the ice.He could also see the driverof the sledge-a huge figure（人体轮廓）,19 bigger than a man.Soon the sledge was only a quarter of a mile from the ship.20 needed a telescope now to see the hugefigure of the driver.Suddenly the sledge disappeared.At that moment another sledge appeared,clearly running after the firstsledge.This driver was a smaller figure,more like a common man.21 the dogs ran,then the second sledgealso disappeared behind the mountain of ice.Two hours passed the sledges did not 22 again.Soon night came,there was a storm.In the morning,the sailors saw that great pieces of ice were floating round the ship.Suddenly the sailor on the mast found a manwas sitting on the ice,and near him was a 23 sledge.The man was nearly dead from cold and could notwalk.The sailors carried him 24 onto the ship,and took him to the Captain,who said:Welcome to my ship,I am the Captain and my name is Robert Walton.”“Thank you,Captain,my name is Frankenstein.,Then he was too 25 and said no more.16.A.coverB.coversC.coveredD.covering17.A.inB.onC.towardsD.against18.A.shelvesB.shipsC.shamesD.shapes19.A.muchB.moreC.someD.little20.A.SomeoneB.No oneC.Any oneD.Anyone21.A.Fast and fastB.Faster and fasterC.Slow and slowD.Slower and slower22.A.stepB.appearC.leadD.stay23 A.brokeB.brokenC.breakD.breaking24.A.carelesslyB.bravelyC.carefullyD.politely25.A.happyB.interestingC.funnyD.weakB阅读下面的短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。How many stars can you see in the night sky?If the answers are just a ffew or none”,you might be livingwith light 26(pollute).Too much man-made light 27(cause)great damage to nature and people so far.Some biologists(生物学家)have found that it is especially 28(harm)to nocturnal(夜间的)animals.Nocturnal animals sleep in the day and are busy at night.Animal 29(science)Christopher said manmade light is“the 30(big)change,humans have brought to these animals.Small animals use darkness 31(hide)from predators(捕食者).But,he said,cloudy skies near citiesare now hundreds of times“brighter at night.This means that,fbr example,cats can catch more rats.Then,there32(be)too many cats and not enough rats to feed them all.Baby sea turtles are lovely animals always they 33(bear)on beaches in the nighttime.They find thewater by the light of the ocean horizon(地平线).Man-made lights lead them away from the ocean.Only in Florida,millions of them die this way every year.Also,birds that travel or hunt at night need moonlight and starlight.Man-made light can lead 34(they)in the wrong direction.Every year,millions of birds die by 35(fly)into brightly-lit buildings.三、翻译句子(共3小题;每小题2分。共6分)用括号内所给的词或短语，将下列句子译成英语。36.大明每天坚持做运动。(keepdoing.)37.我们尚未在任何其他星球上发现生命。(yet)38.这部 电 影 亲爱的(Dearest)是根据一个真实的故事改编的。(be based on)四、阅读表达(共5小题;其中40小题1分，其余每小题2分。满分9分)阅读下面的短文，根据短文后的要求答题。Huntah and Duke are both I-year-old Labradors（拉布拉多犬）.They are police K-9s,highly trained dogs whohelp police officers.Huntah and Duke have a special job.They are working in schools in the state of Massachusetts to findCOVID-19.They do it using their powerful sense of smell.To learn how to sniff out（嗅出）COVID-19,Huntah and Duke got special training.When they smell COVID-19,the dogs sit down.This lets people know that the area should be cleaned.Paul Douglas is one of the police officers working with Huntah and Duke.He says the dogs can work at aschool even while class is going on.They will go into a classroom full of students,he said.tThcy just walk rightthrough,they go over the backpacks,around the teachers.”Tara Kohler is the head of a school system in Massachusetts.She is happy to have the dogs working at theschools.She wants to reduce the chaeces of kids and teachers catching COVID-19.And she wants them to feel safeat school.Huntah and Dukes training program was developed by scientists at Florida International University.They saythat dogs are very sniffing out COVID-19.The dogs find the virus 99 times out of 100.Dogs noses contain 30 million scent receptors（气味感受器）,says the journal Nature.Scent receptors sensesmells.Compare that to humans,who have only 5 million to 6 million scent receptors.All those scent receptors letdogs smell things that people cannot.39.When the dogs sit down,what should we do?（根据短文内容回答问题）40.How did Huntah and Duke work in the classroom?（根据内容回答问题）41.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.（将文中划线句子翻译成汉语）42.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 6 with two proper words.（在第六段空白处填入两个恰当的词，使句意完整）43.According to the passage,Dogs have much scent receptors humans.（在句子空白处各填入一个恰当的词，使句意完整，语法正确）五、写作（15分）4 4.假设你是李华，你的外籍同学Sam在英语学习方面给了你很多帮助，在初中即将毕业时，请你给Sam写一封感谢信，内容要点如下：1.你在学习英语时曾经遇到困难；2.Sam对你的帮助及建议；(1)多听多读；(2)多看英语电影、多唱英语歌；(3)把错误写在笔记本里，并且改正它们;(4)(请补充一个以上的建议)3.你的收获。注意：1.不要出现考生本人信息；2.80词左右Dear Sam,How time flies!Its time for us to say goodbye.Best wishes,Li Hua参考答案一、阅读理解（共 15小题;每小题2 分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWelcome to the Neighborhood Book Club,many kids in our community chose their favourite English booksthis year,here are top four.I O N E I1The year is near 2100.Climate change has made the world too hot.H O pMany animals have died.But Ahab and his friends might have found the、二:产last frog.Together,they try to save frogs and the future.Grant Falloon and Jay Faatasi are track（田径）stars.The twofriends enter a race together.The race is to find the worlds fastest kid.The prize is a million dollars.But they soon find out there are moredangers.Jaime5s friends no longer like her.They decide to kick her out ofthe group.Jaimes best friend Maya tells her the news.But the two girlsbecome even closer.Together,they learn about what a true friend is.Alberta was the only Black girl in her California town.That is until12-year-old Edie moves in across the street.The two girls becomefriends.One day they find hidden journals.The journals tell about racistevents.Together,they try to find out who wrote the journals.1.Which book gives an example in the future?A One Small HopB.The Million Dollar RaceC.Just Jaime2.The fourth book mainly talks about.A.why Edie moved to CaliforniaC.what Alberta and Edie do together3.The topic of these books is.A.school life B.friendship【答案】LA 2.C 3.B【解析】D.The Only Black Girls in TownB.how old Alberta and Edie areD.where Alberta found hidden journalsC.communication D.social behaviour【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本书 主要内容。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一个表格“The year is near 2100.”可知，图书O e Hop讲述了未来的事情。故选 Ao【2 题详解】细节理解题。根据第四个表格The journals tell about racist events.Together,they try to find out who wrote thejournals.可知，第四本书主要讲述了主人公Alberta和 Edie一起寻找日记主人的故事，即讲述了她们一起做的事情。故选C。【3 题详解】推理判断题。根 据 But Ahab and his friends.The two friends enter a race together.Together,they learn aboutwhat a true friend is.The two girls become friends.w 可知，这四本书都讲到了“朋友”，故主题是“友谊”。故选B。A junk food is bad for the body,especially for kids brains.But healthy food and exercise are good for thebrain.These things help keep the brain healthy.Alexandra Richardson is a researcher.She said the brain needs fat.We get this fat from food.But not all fatsare the same.Junk food has bad fats.But our brains need good fats.They are called C-3 fats.Theyre in fish,somenuts and oils,etc.Q-3 fats help build healthy brain cells.Junk food may be behind attention problems.That is because it doesnt have good fats.More good fats makebrains healthy.Exercise is good for the brain too.It can help fight harm from junk food.Two important things happen in the brain when we exercise.The first is brains reward system（奖励系统）.Itmakes us feel good when we do something we like.Eating junk food excites the reward s
