本科毕业设计 红外迎宾系统的设计.doc

题目：红外迎宾系统的设计 专业：电子信息工程 姓名： 指导教师(职称)： 二00九年四月十八日毕业论文(设计)作者承诺保证书本人郑重承诺： 本篇毕业论文(设计)的内容真实、可靠。如果存在弄虚作假、抄袭的情况，本人愿承担全部责任。签名：年 月 日毕业论文(设计)指导教师承诺保证书本人郑重承诺：我已按有关规定对本篇毕业论文(设计)的选题与内容进行了指导和审核，坚持一人一题制，确认由作者独立完成。如果存在学风问题，本人愿承担指导教师的相关责任。签名：年 月 日毕业论文(设计)题目审核表学院： 物系或教研室： 物理系 时间：2008年 11月 30日课题情况题目名称 红外迎宾系统的设计教师姓名职称副教授学位学历硕士专业方向单片机课题来源A.科研 B.生产 C.教学 D.其它 E.学生自拟成果类别课题类别A.工程设计类 B.理论研究类 C.实验研究类 D.软件设计类E.综合类F.其它学生应具备的条件具有一定的电子电路和单片机开发的知识，同时应该具备一定的动手能力，善于将理论知识和实际相结合，学以致用.主要研究内容目标特色该系统在硬件上使用了红外线发射管与接收管，结合了555定时器组成的多谐振荡器电路原理的运用；在处理上,利用集成电路单片机STC89C52实现了信息的快速处理和控制、能精确检测，从而实现液晶显示电路与语音电路的输出。该系统的应用有助于减轻工作人员的劳动强度，提高安全性、准确性和工作效率，并提高商场等服务水平。成果描述当顾客进入时“欢迎光临”的语音产生，当顾客离开时“谢谢惠顾”的语音的产生而且能够实现进出人口数量的统计，并且通过液晶显示器显示.这样设计使原来的迎宾系统的使用范围更广,可以用于一些需要限制人数的场合,比如博物馆和展厅等,同时迎宾系统还可以减少一部分的人力物力和财力,是一种价格低而且实用性强的产品.成果价值 该红外迎宾系统的应用有助于减轻工作人员的劳动强度，提高安全性、准确性和工作效率，并提高商场等服务水平。适合许多地方推广使用，大大节省了人力、物力、财力 。系或教研室审题意见负责人签字: 年 月 日学院审批意见领导小组组长签字（盖章）: 年 月 日毕业论文(设计)开题报告学院：物理与机电工程学院专业：电子信息工程 课题名称基于单片的红外迎宾器系统的设计与制作姓名学号指导教师职称学历副教授一、 开展本课题的意义及工作内容：本设计是利用红外发射接收控制系统和单片机系统来进行工作的红外对射迎宾系统，并能够有效的进行控制和报警，它具有全集成化，智能化，高精度，高性能，高可靠性和低价格等优点，是一种值得推广的产品。设计方案中主要采用红外发射电路作为系统的输入，即由555定时器组成的多谐振荡器电路；采用语音提示电路及液晶显示电路作为系统的输出；采用单片机STC89C52作为系统的控制核心，其他还包括整流滤波稳压电源电路，输出放大电路等。二、 课题工作的总体安排及进度：第一周：收集有关资料与文献 ,写好开题报告。 第二周至第七周：电路原理图的绘制和实物的制作,撰写论文 第八周：准备答辩三、 课题预期达到的效果：（1）顾客进入时“欢迎光临”的语音产生；（2）顾客离开时“谢谢惠顾”的语音产生；（3）可以实现进出人口数量的统计，并通过液晶显示器显示.(4) 可用于商店,酒店,娱乐场所等;并且可以用于一些需要限制人数的场合,比如博物馆和展厅等四、 指导教师意见：签名： 年 月 日不够填写可续页毕业设计(论文)文献综述系 （院）： 专 业： 电子信息工程 姓 名： 学 号： 指导教师评语： 签名： 2009年 月 日 红外技术1已经成为先进科学技术的重要组成部分，它在各领域都得到广泛的应用,并且抗干扰能力强。研究红外辐射的产生、传播、转化、测量及其应用的技术科学。任何物体的红外辐射包括介于可见光与微波之间的电磁波段。通常人们又把红外辐射称为红外光、红外线。实际上其波段是指其波长约在0.75微米到1000微米的电磁波。通常人们将其划分为近、中、远红外三部分。近红外指波长为0.753.0微米；中红外指波长为3.020微米；远红外则指波长为201000微米。在光谱学中，波段的划分方法尚不统一，也有人将0.753.0微米、3.040微米和401000微米作为近红外、中红外和远红外波段。另外，由于大气对红外辐射的吸收，只留下三个重要的"窗口"区，即13微米、35微米和813微米可让红外辐射通过，因而在军事应用上，又分别将这三个波段称为近红外、中红外和远红外。813微米还称为热波段。红外技术的内容包含四个主要部分：(1)红外辐射的性质，其中有受热物体所发射的辐射在光谱、强度和方向的分布；辐射在媒质中的传播特性-反射、折射、衍射和散射；热电效应和光电效应等。(2)红外元件、部件的研制，包括辐射源、微型制冷器、红外窗口材料和滤光电等。(3)把各种红外元、部件构成系统的光学、电子学和精密机械。(4)红外技术在军事上和国民经济中的应用。由此可见，红外技术的研究涉及的范围相当广泛，既有目标的红外辐射特性，背景特性，又有红外元、部件及系统；既有材料问题，又有应用问题。1.2 红外技术的概况自从1800年英国天文学家F·W·赫歇尔发现红外辐射至今，红外技术的发展经历了将近两个世纪。从那时开始，红外辐射和红外元件、部件的科学研究逐步发展，但发展比较缓慢，直到1940年前后才真正出现现代的红外技术。目前，美国将红外技术应用于单兵装备、装甲车辆、航空和航天的侦察监视、预警、跟踪以及武器制导等各个领域。红外技术2发展的先导是红外探测器的发展。1800年，F·W·赫歇尔发现红外辐射时使用的是水银温度计，这是最原始的热敏型红外探测器。1830年以后，相继研制出温差电偶的热敏探测器、测辐射热计等。在1940年以前，研制成的红外探测器主要是热敏型探测器。19世纪，科学家们使用热敏型红外探测器，认识了红外辐射的特性及其规律，证明了红外线与可见光具有相同的物理性质，遵守相同的规律。它们都是电磁波之一，具有波动性，其传播速度都是光速、波长是它们的特征参数并可以测量。20世纪初开始，测量了大量的有机物质和无机物质的吸收、发射和反射光谱，证明了红外技术在物质分析中的价值。30年代，首次出现红外光谱代，以后，它发展成在物质分析中不可缺少的仪器。40年代初，光电型红外探测器问世，以硫化铅红外探测器为代表的这类探测器，其性能优良、结构牢靠。50年代，半导体物理学的迅速发展，使光电型红外探测器得到新的推动。到60年初期，对于13、35和813微米三个重要的大气窗口都有了性能优良的红外探测器。在同一时期内，固体物理、光学、电子学、精密机械和微型致冷器等方面的发展，使红外技术在军、民两用方面都得到了广泛的应用。在红外技术的发展中，需要特别指出的是：60年代激光的出现极大地影响了红外技术的发展，很多重要的激光器件都在红外波段，其相干性便于移用电子技术中的外差接收技术，使雷达和通信都可以在红外波段实现，并可获得更高的分辨率和更大的信息容量。在此之前，红外技术仅仅能探测非相干红外辐射，外差接收技术用于红外探测，使探测性能比功率探测高好几个数量级。另外，由于这类应用的需要，促使出现新的探测器件和新的辐射传输方式，推动红外技术向更先进的方向发展。1.3 发现的问题及相关解决方案在家庭，商店，以及各大娱乐场所，迎宾器的用途已经越来越广泛，客人一来，就会发出“欢迎光临”的声音，给顾客一个亲切、温馨的感觉，同时减轻了人员的劳动强度，提高顾客兴趣。所以可以说它应用的范围十分广泛，而且用途大。然而，到目前为止，迎宾器都是靠光控来实现的比较多，而且功能单一，只能说一种语音，客人来了，是“欢迎光临”，然后顾客走了仍然是“欢迎光临”，而不是“谢谢惠顾”，没有智能化，这些都已经越来越限制了它的发展。如何能够在客人来的时候会发出“欢迎光临”，客人走之后发出“谢谢惠顾”是我们现在研究的重点方向之一。随着红外技术的成熟发展，我想到了利用红外线的方法。我们知道，在常规的环境参数中，人体探测常容易受环境的影响而使得参数改变，随着红外线及激光技术的成熟，许多运用于室外场合的红外线产品开始出现，由于光线是沿着直线传播的，在发射端发射出的光束，中间如果没有东西遮挡，那么接收端就能收到正常的光束；当有人经过时，光束被挡住了，此时接收端便无法接收到光束，从而产生信号，发出声音。根据以上分析，我设计出一种利用红外线进行探测的红外迎宾系统，利用双发射与接收来探测是否是出入，采用多谐振荡器作为红外线发射器的驱动电路，驱动红外发射管，向探测区内发射红外线，接收端利用专用的红外线接收器件HS0038对发射的红外线信号进行接收，经放大电路进行信号放大及整形，以单片机作为逻辑处理器，控制语音发生电路，电路中有信号锁定的功能，只能当进行判断结束之后，才能关闭。这样的设计在实际应用中有比较高的价值，可以减少人力,物力以及财力的付出，是一种价格低而实用性强的产品。1.4 相关文献1红外技术. 昆明物理研究所:1979年出版2 瞿贵荣. 期刊论文.家庭电子（爱好者）. 2005年8期3 沙占友编.集成化智能传感器原理与应用.电子工业出版社:2004年1月出版4 苏长赞.红外线与超声波遥控M.北京：人民邮电出版社:1997出版5 方佩敏编.新编传感器原理.应用.北京电子工业出版社:1994年出版6 激光与红外.2005年01期7 电子报社编.电子报2004年合订本.四川科学技术出版社: 2004年出版8 STC89C52.网站：9 电子器件网.10 张玉香. 新型遥控接收模块HS0038J.无线电:1998年7月出版11 彭介华编.电子技术课程设计指导.北京高等教育出版社:1997年出版12 苏家健编.单片机原理及应用技术.高等教育出版社:2004年11月出版13 刘文涛编.基于C51语言编程的MCS-51单片机实用教程. 原子能出版社:2004年9月出版14 陈国平编.MCS-51系列单片机原理与设计.电子技术应用.冶金工业出版社: 2003年6月出版 rd ed.Beijing：Pearson Education North Asia Limited and Higher Education press，2002英文翻译1.1 The definition of infrared technologyInfrared technology 1 has become the advanced science and technology an important part of it in various fields have been widely used, and anti-interference ability. Research on the emergence of infrared radiation, transmission, transformation, measurement and application of technical and scientific. Any object, including the range of the infrared radiation between visible light and microwave electromagnetic paragraph. It is again the infrared radiation is usually referred to as infrared light, infrared. Actually refers to the wavelength band around 0.75 microns to 1000 microns of electromagnetic waves. Usually be divided into near, middle and far infrared of three parts. Refers to near-infrared wavelength of 0.75 3.0 micron; refers to mid-infrared wavelength of 3.0 20 microns; refers to far-infrared wavelength of 20 1000 micron. In spectroscopy, the band is not uniform classification, there will be 0.75 3.0 microns, 3.0 microns to 40 microns and 40 1000 as the near-infrared, mid-infrared and far infrared band. In addition, due to atmospheric absorption of infrared radiation, leaving only the three important "window" area, that is, 1 to 3 microns, 3 to 5 micron and 8 to 13 micron infrared radiation allows the adoption of, and in military applications, also known as, respectively, the three-band near-infrared, mid-infrared and far infrared. 8 13 micron band is also known as heat. Infrared technology includes four main components: (1) the nature of infrared radiation, heating objects which launched in the radiation spectrum, intensity and direction of the distribution; radiation in the medium of propagation characteristics - reflection, refraction, diffraction and scattering; thermoelectric effect and the photoelectric effect and so on. (2) infrared devices, components development, including radiation, micro-refrigerator, infrared window materials and optoelectronics, such as filtration. (3) the various infrared element, components constitute a system of optics, electronics and precision machinery. (4) infrared technology in the military and the application of the national economy. This shows that infrared technology research involves a wide range of both the infrared radiation characteristics of the target, background properties, and infrared element, components and systems; existing materials, and applications.1.2 An overview of infrared technology Since 1800 the British astronomer F W Herschel discovered infrared radiation present, the development of infrared technology for nearly two centuries of experience. Since then, infrared radiation and infrared components, parts of the progressive development of scientific research, but relatively slow development until 1940, before and after the emergence of truly modern infrared technology. Currently, the United States will be applied to man-infrared technology and equipment, armored vehicles, aviation and space reconnaissance and surveillance, early warning, tracking and weapons guidance and other fields. Infrared technology 2 the development of the pilot is the development of infrared detectors. 1800, F W Herschel discovered infrared radiation is the use of mercury thermometers, which is the most primitive type of thermal infrared detectors. After 1830, have developed a temperature difference of thermal galvanic detector, such as bolometer. In 1940 prior to the development of infrared detectors is thermal-type detectors. The 19th century, scientists use thermal infrared detectors, understanding of the characteristics of the infrared radiation and the law to prove that the infrared and visible light has the same physical properties, subject to the same laws. They are one of the electromagnetic wave, with volatility, and its propagation velocity is the speed of light, the wavelength characteristics of their parameters and can be measured. The beginning of the 20th century, surveying a large number of organic substances and inorganic substances absorption, emission and reflection spectroscopy, infrared technology proven in the analysis of the value of the material. 30 years, the first generation of infrared spectroscopy, since the material it has developed into an indispensable analysis of the equipment. 40 In the early, photovoltaic infrared detectors available to PbS infrared detector as represented by such detectors, their performance, solid structure. 50 years, the rapid development of semiconductor physics, to make photovoltaic-based infrared detector has been a new impetus. To 60 years early, for 1 3,3 5 and 8 to 13 micron atmospheric window of three important properties have excellent infrared detector. During the same period, the solid-state physics, optics, electronics, precision machinery and micro-cooling device, such as development, so that infrared technology in the military and civilian dual-use areas have been widely used. In the development of infrared technology, it is necessary to point out in particular that: the emergence of the 60's laser has greatly influenced the development of infrared technology, many of the major laser device in the infrared band, the coherence of electronic technology to facilitate the transfer of heterodyne receiver technology, radar and communications in the infrared band can be achieved, and will receive higher resolution and greater information capacity. Prior to this, infrared technology can detect only non-coherent infrared radiation, heterodyne receiver for the infrared detection technology to detect high-performance power to detect several orders of magnitude. In addition, as a result of such applications to the emergence of new pieces and new detectors of radiation transmission, infrared technology to promote a more advanced direction.1.3 The problems identified and solutions Identified problems and related solutions in the home, shops, and major entertainment venues, Yingbin's use has become increasingly wide range of guests to come, we will send out "Welcome to" the voice of the customer to a friendly, warm feeling, at the same time reducing the labor intensity and improve the customer interest. So can it be described as a wide range of applications and uses large. To date, however, guests are on light control devices to achieve more, and features a single, can only say that a voice, the guests come, the "Welcome", and then the customer is still gone, "Welcome to "rather than" Thank you, us ", not intelligent, they have increasingly limited its development. How can the guests will be issued when the "Welcome", issued after the guests go, "Thank you, patronage" is now one of the focus of the study. With the development of the new infrared technology, I thought of using the infrared method. We know that in the conventional parameters of the environment, often susceptible to the human body to detect the effects of environmental change makes the parameters, with the infrared and laser technology matures, a number of occasions used infrared outdoor products began to appear, due to the spread of light along a straight line in the transmitter emits a beam, the middle of things if there is no shelter, then the receiver will be able to receive normal beam; when it was passing, the beam was blocked, when the receiver will not be able to receive the beam, resulting in signal , to voice their opinions. Based on the above analysis, I design a use of infra-red Yingbin infrared detection system, the use of dual-launch and receiving to detect whether the access Multivibrator using infrared transmitters, as the drive circuit to drive the infrared emission control, launched to detect the infrared region, the receiving end of the infrared receiver to use a dedicated device to launch HS0038 infrared signals received by the amplifier circuit for signal amplification and shaping in order to single-chip processor, as logic and control circuit voice, circuit in the signal lock function, can only be judged when the end can be closed. This design in practical applications there are relatively high value can reduce the human, material and financial resources to pay, is a practical and low price products.1.4 Literature1 "infrared technology." Kunming Institute of Physics: published in 1979 2瞿贵荣. Journal articles. "Household electronics (fans)." 2005 8 3 Zhanyou for sand. "Integrated theory and application of smart sensors." Publishing House of Electronics Industry: the publication in January 2004 4 Chang-Tsan Su . infrared and ultrasonic remote control M. Beijing: Posts & Telecom Press: 1997 published 5 for佩敏side. "Principle of the new sensor. Application." Publishing House of Electronics Industry Beijing: Publishing in 1994 6 "Laser and Infrared," 01 years .2005 7 for the electronic newspaper. "E-paper bound volume in 2004." Sichuan Science and Technology Press: published in 2004 10 Zhang Yuxiang. A new type remote control receiver module HS0038 J. Radio: published in July 1998 11 Peng Jie-Hua made. "Electronic technology curriculum guide." Beijing Higher Education Press: published in 1997 12 for Su Jian. "Principle and Application of single-chip technology." Higher Education Press: published in November 2004 13 Liu Wentao made. "Programming language based on the C51's MCS-51 single-chip Practical Guide." Atomic Energy Press: published in September 2004 14 Chen made. "MCS-51 series single-chip Principle and Design." Application of electronic technology. Metallurgical Industry Press: published in June 200315 M.Morris Mano.Digital Design.3 rd ed.Beijing：Pearson Education North Asia Limited and Higher Education press，2002毕业论文(设计)中期检查表学院：专业： 论文(设计