2015年中考英语题型冲刺阅读理解（含解析）.pdf

阅读理解一、阅读 理 解（共 2 4小题）1.W e k n o w t he m o s q u i t o v er y wel l.Mo s q u i t o es fl y ev er y wher e.They can befo u n d al m o s t al l o v er t he wo r l d,an d t her e ar e m o r e t han 2,500 k i n ds o f t hem.N o o n e l i k es t he m o s q u i t o.Bu t t he m o s q u i t o m ay deci de t hat s he l o v es y o u.S he?Y es,s he.I t s t r u e t hat m al e m o s q u i t o do es n t bi t e（咬）an d o n l y t hefem al e m o s q u i t o bi t es becau s e s he n eeds bl o o d t o l ay eggs.S he i s al way s l o o k i n gfo r t hi n gs o r p eo p l e s he wan t s t o bi t e.I f s he l i k es what s he fi n ds,s he bi t es.Bu t i f s he do es n t l i k e y o u r bl o o d,s he wi l l t u r n t o s o m eo n e el s e fo r m o r edel i ci o u s bl o o d.N ext t i m e a m o s q u i t o bi t es y o u,j u s t r em em ber y o u ar e cho s en.Y o u,r e di ffer en t fr o m t he o t her s!I f t he m o s q u i t o l i k es y o u,s he l an ds o n y o u r bo dy wi t ho u t l et t i n g y o u k n o w.S he bi t es y o u s o q u i ck l y an d q u i et l y t hat y o u m ay n o t feel an y t hi n g di ffer en t.A ft er s he bi t es,y o u wi l l hav e an i t ch（痒）o n y o u r bo dy becau s e s he p u t ss o m et hi n g fr o m her m o u t h t o get her wi t h y o u r bl o o d.By t he t i m e t he i t chi n gbegi n s,an d s he has fl o wn away.A n d t hen what hap p en s?W el l,aft er her del i ci o u s di n n er,t he m o s q u i t o feel st i r ed.S he j u s t wan t s t o fi n d a p l ace t o hav e a go o d r es t.Ther e,o n a l eaf o r awal l,s he begi n s t o l ay eggs,hu n dr eds o f eggs.1.“Mo s q u i t o“m ean sA.苍蝇 B.蜻蜓 C.跳蚤2.W e k n o w m o s q u i t o es v er y wel lA.t hey can be fo u n d eas i l yC.t her e ar e m an y k i n ds o f t hem3.I f t he m o s q u i t o do es n t bi t eA.get an gr y wi t h y o uC.m ak e a l o t o f n o i s e4.The m o s q u i t o bi t es y o uA.when y o u r e as l eepC.t o o q u i ck l y t o l et y o u k n o wi n Chi n es e.D.蚊子becau s eB.t hey fl y her e an d t her eD.t hey can fl yy o u,i t wi l l .B.be afr ai d o f y o uD.cho o s e an o t her o n eB.becau s e y o u hav e cho o s e i tD.bu t do es n t l i k e y o u5.W hi ch o f t he fo l l o wi n g s en t en ces i s wr o n g?A.The i t chi n g begi n s aft er t he m o s q u i t o bi t es y o u.B.Y o u feel t er r i bl e when t he m o s q u i t o bi t es y o u.C.Mo s q u i t o es u s e bl o o d t o l ay eggs.D.A l l t he m o s q u i t o es do n t l i k e t o bi t e p eo p l e fo r bl o o d.2.My s u m m er ho l s wr CW OT.B4,we u s d 2 go 2 N Y 2 C m y br o,hi s CF&t hr 3：-k i ds FTF I LN Y,i t s gr 8.Can y o u u n der s t an d t hi s s en t en ce?I f y o u can t,do n，t feel t o o bad:n ei t herco u l d t he m i ddl e s cho o l t eacher i n E n gl an d who r ecei v ed t hi s as ho m ewo r k.Thi si s N et s p eak:t he l an gu age o f co m p u t er i z ed co m m u n i cat i o n fo u n d o n I n t er n et o rcel l p ho n es.To n ewco m er s,i t can l o o k l i k e a co m p l et el y fo r ei gn l an gu age.S o,what i s t he t r an s l at i o n o f t he s en t en ce abo v e?My s u m m er ho l i day s wer e aco m p l et e was t e o f t i m e.Befo r e,we u s ed t o go t o N ew Y o r k t o s ee m y br o t her,hi sgi r l fr i en d,an d t hei r t hr ee s cr eam i n g k i ds face t o face.I l o v e N ew Y o r k;i t sgr eat.S cho o l t eacher s an d p ar en t s s ay t hi s n ew fo r m o f wr i t i n g i s har m i n g（破坏）t he E n gl i s h l an gu age.I n cr eas i n g s p el l i n g an d gr am m at i cal m i s t ak es cxan be s eeni n s t u den t s wr i t i n g.They fear t he l an gu age co u l d beco m e co r r u p t ed（面目全非的）.E v er y o n e s ho u l d j u s t r el ax,s ay l i n gu i s t s （语言学家）.They bel i ev e N et s p eaki s i n fact m o r e o f a go o d t hi n g.D av i d Cr y s t al,fr o m t he U n i v er s i t y o f W al es,ar gu es t hat N et s p eak an d I n t er n et cr eat e a n ew l an gu age u s e an d t he al m o s t l o s tar t o f di ar y wr i t i n g has been p i ck ed u p agai n.Geo ffr ey N u n ber g,fr o m S t an fo r dU n i v er s i t y,agr ees.，zPeo p l e get bet t er at wr i t i n g by wr i t i n g,z/he s ay s,“Ki dswho ar e n o w do i n g t ext m es s agi n g,e-m ai l,an d i n s t an t m es s ages wi l l wr i t e atl eas t as wel l as,an d p o s s i bl y bet t er t han,t hei r p ar en t s.Li n gu i s t Jam es Mi l l r o y s ay s,fo r cen t u r i es,i t i s bel i ev ed wi t ho u t excep t i o nt hat y o u n g p eo p l e ar e har m i n g t he l an gu age.A n d y o u can bet y o u r bo t t o m do l l art hat when t o day s t een ager s beco m e t o m o r r o w，s p ar en t s,t hey t o o wi l l t hi n k t hi sway.Mi l r o y ar gu es t hat l an gu ages do n o t an d can n o t beco m e co r r u p t ed”;t heys i m p l y chan ge t o m eet t he n ew n eeds.Ho wev er,N et s p eak er s do agr ee t hat i t i s i m p o r t an t t o t each y o u n g p eo p l e ho wt o s p eak an d wr i t e S t an dar d E n gl i s h.Cy n t hi a McV ey s ay s,I can u n der s t an dN et s p eak wo r r i es t eacher s an d i t s i m p o r t an t t hat t hey get acr o s s t o t hei rp u p i l s t hat t ext m es s agi n g i s fo r fu n,bu t t hat l ear n i n g t o wr i t e p r o p er E n gl i s hi s a m u s t fo r t hei r fu t u r e.，/Per hap s we s ho u l d gi v e t een ager s a l i t t l e m o r e t r u s t an y way.E r i n,age 12,s ay s,“I wo u l dn，t u s e t ext l an gu age i n m y ho m ewo r k.Text i n g i s j u s t fo r fu n 1.W hat i s t he m ai n p u r p o s e o f t he fi r s t p ar agr ap h?A.To gi v e an exam p l e o f a fo r ei gn l an gu age.B.To s ho w an exam p l e o f cr eat i v e m et ho ds.C.To exp r es s wo r r i es abo u t u s i n g N et s p eak.D.To l ead i n t he t o p i c o f N et s p eak.2.W hi ch o f t he fo l l o wi n g i s t r u e acco r di n g t o t he p as s age?A.Cy n t hi a McV ey p o i n t s o u t t een ager s can deal wi t h N et s p eak p r o p er l y.B.Geo ffr ey N u n ber g bel i ev es N et s p eak er s can wr i t e S t an dar d E n gl i s h.C.D av i d Cr y s t al t hi n k s N et s p eak hel p s dev el o p t he habi t o f wr i t i n g.D.Jam es Mi l r o y s ay s t hat l an gu age i s chan gi n g an d i m p r o v i n g.3.The exp r es s i o n bet y o u r bo t t o m do l l ar i n Par agr ap h 5 m ean s .A.be fai r l y s u r e B.be gr eat l y s u r p r i s edC.t hi n k i t a p i t y D.fi n d i t i n t er es t i n g4.W hat can be t he bes t t i t l e fo r t he p as s age?A.N et s p eak:A W i del y-U s ed Lan gu age o n I n t er n etB.I s N et s p eak Har m i n g t he E n gl i s h Lan gu age?C.I s N et s p eak Hel p fu l i n Lan gu age Lear n i n g?D.N et s p eak:A dv an t ages an d D i s adv an t ages3.W hat do y o u do i f y o u r e s t r an ded（处于困境的）o n a l o n el y i s l an d?S u r el yy o u n eed t o fi n d a way t o get i n t o u ch wi t h t he o u t s i de wo r l d.Y o u r bes t chan ceof doing this is to draw the attention of a passing plane.B ody signals（信号）Pilots from different countries understand body signals if they have thecorrect training.When you wave your arms up and down in a straight line,itmeans yes When you point downwards and swing your arm from side to side,itmeans If you want the pilot to know that its safe to land,push yourhands out in front of you and bend（弯曲）your knees.If you want to say thatits not safe to land,put your arms in the air and move them to one side.Smoke signalsThe smoke from a fire can be seen from far away,so its a good way to drawattention.If the weather is dry,it isn，t hard to start a fire.Remember,however,that fires can be very dangerous if they get out of control.Neverlight a fire unless youre sure that it cant spread.If the ground is dark,light smoke can be seen more easily.Green grass and leaves produce light smoke.Ground-to-air signalsIts a good idea to build some signals,too.Use large pieces of wood tomake the symbols（标1己）.If you cant find any wood,use earth.Some usefulsymbols are:F I need food and water.”II Z，I need medicine.z，I I am badly hurt.X I am unable to move from here.z，Pilots，repliesIf the pilot lowers the plane，s wings from side to side,this means messagereceived and understood.（At night,the pilot flashes the planes green lights.）If the pilots flies the plane in a clockwise circle,this means messagereceived but not understood.（At night,the pilot flashes the planes redlights.）However,there is no signal which means message not received”.Why not?1.Which picture means s not safe land”?2.W hat can we l ear n fr o m t he p as s age?A.S wi n gi n g y o u r ar m fr o m s i de t o s i de m ean s y es .B.I f t he gr o u n d i s dar k,l i ght s m o k e can，t be s een.C.I f y o u n eed s o m e m edi ci n e,m ak e a s y m bo lD.The p i l o t s m ak e r ep l i es wi t h a bl u e l i ght at n i ght.3.W hat i s t he p as s age m ai n l y abo u t?A.The exp l an at i o n o f bu i l di n g s i gn al s o n an i s l an d.B.The i m p o r t an ce o f m ak i n g s i gn al s o n an i s l an d.C.W ay s o f s en di n g o u t s i gn al s o n a l o n el y i s l an d.D.W ay s o f r ecei v i n g s i gn al s fr o m a l o n el y i s l an d4.S p en di n g t wo o r t hr ee ho u r s p l ay i n g o u t do o r s each day can r edu ce achi l d s chan ce o f beco m i n g s ho r t-s i ght ed,a r es ear ch s ho ws.I t chal l en ges （挑战）t he bel i ef t hat s ho r t-s i ght edn es s i s cau s ed by co m p u t er u s e,wat chi n g TV o rr eadi n g i n weak l i ght.The A u s t r al i an go v er n m en t r es ear cher s bel i ev e t hat s u n l i ght i s go o d fo rp eo p l e,s ey es.They co m p ar ed t he v i s i o n（视力）an d habi t s o f 100 s ev en-y ear-o l dchi l dr en i n S i n gap o r e an d A u s t r al i a.I n al l,30%o f t he S i n gap o r ean chi l dr enwer e s ho r t-s i ght edt hi s r at e（比率）was t en t i m es hi gher t han A u s t r al i anchi l dr en.Bo t h gr o u p s s p en t a s i m i l ar am o u n t o f t i m e r eadi n g,wat chi n g t el ev i s i o nan d p l ay i n g co m p u t er gam es.Ho wev er,t he A u s t r al i an chi l dr en s p en t an av er age（平均）o f t wo ho u r s a day o u t do o r s-9 0 m i n u t es m o r e t han t he S i n gap o r ean chi l dr en.Pr o fes s o r（教授）I an Mo r gan,fr o m t he A u s t r al i an Res ear ch Co u n ci l sV i s i o n Cen t r e,s ai d,uHu m an s ar e n at u r al l y l o n g-s i ght ed,bu t when p eo p l e begi nt o go t o s cho o l an d s p en d l i t t l e o r n o t i m e o u t do o r s,t he n u m ber o f s ho r t s i ght ed p eo p l e get s l ar ger.W e r e al s o s eei n g m o r e an d m o r e s ho r t-s i ght edchi l dr en i n ci t i es al l ar o u n d t he wo r l dan d t he m ai n r eas o n m ay be t hat ci t ychi l dr en s p en d l es s t i m e o u t do o r s.”D ay l i ght can be hu n dr eds o f t i m es br i ght er t han i n do o r l i ght.Bu t whydo es p l ay i n g o u t s i de p r ev en t u s fr o m beco m i n g s ho r t-s i ght ed?S ci en t i s t s bel i ev et hat n at u r al l i ght has a s p eci al chem i cal （化学物质）whi ch s t o p s t he ey ebal l fr o mgr o wi n g o u t o f s hap e an d p r ev en t s p eo p l e beco m i n g s ho r t-s i ght ed.S o be o u t do o r s.I t do es n,t m at t er i f t hat t i m e i s s p en t hav i n g a p i cn i co r p l ay i n g s p o r t s.1.Ho w m u ch t i m e di d t he S i n gap o r ean chi l dr en s p en d o u t do o r s o n av er age ev er yday i n t he r es ear ch?A.2 ho u r s.B.9 0 m i n u t es.C.1 ho u r.D.30 m i n u t es.2.W hat i s t he fi ft h p ar agr ap h m ai n l y abo u t?A.W hy p eo p l e beco m e s ho r t-s i ght ed.B.W hy n at u r al l i ght has a s p eci al chem i cal.C.W hy p l ay i n g o u t s i de i s go o d fo r o n e s ey es i ght.D.W hy day l i ght i s m u ch br i ght er t han i n do o r l i ght.3.W hi ch o f t he fo l l o wi n g i s t r u e acco r di n g t o t he p as s age?A.Peo p l e wi l l al l beco m e s ho r t-s i ght ed aft er t hey begi n t o go t o s cho o l.B.Pl ay i n g o u t do o r s fo r 2 o r 3 ho u r s ev er y day can hel p p r o t ect y o u rey es i ght.C.Chi l dr en i n A u s t r al i a ar e m o r e l i k el y t o get s ho r t-s i ght ed t han t ho s ei n S i n gap o r e.D.I f y o u s p en d t wo o r t hr ee ho u r s p l ay i n g o u t s i de each day,y o u wo n,tget s ho r t-s i ght ed.5.E v er y o n e n eeds fr i en ds.Ther e i s an o l d s ay i n g,“Fr i en ds ar e Go d s wayo f t ak i n g car e o f u s.Bu t ho w do y o u fi n d r eal fr i en ds hi p an d k eep i t?The A m er i can wr i t er S al l y S eam an s t el l s y o u n g s t u den t s s o m e s m ar t way st o fi n d fr i en ds.S al l y s ay s fi n di n g fr i en ds hi p i s j u s t l i k e p l an t i n g a t r ee.Y o up l an t t he s eed（种子）an d t ak e car e o f i t t o m ak e i t gr o w.Fi r s t,y o u s ho u l d cho o s e a fr i en d.W hat m ak es a go o d fr i en d?I t i s n o tbecau s e a p er s o n has m o n ey o r go o d l o o k s.A go o d fr i en d s ho u l d be k i n d an dp at i en t（耐心）.E o r exam p l e,i f y o u hav e a bad day,a go o d fr i en d s ho u l d l i s t ent o y o u r co m p l ai n t s an d do hi s bes t t o hel p.To m ak e a go o d fr i en d,y o u can n o t bet o o s hy.Y o u s ho u l d m ak e each o t her hap p y an d s har e y o u r l i v es.Bu t t hi n gs can n o t al way s be hap p y.E v en t he bes t fr i en ds hav e fi ght s.W hat s ho u l d y o u do when y o u hav e a fi ght wi t h y o u r fr i en d?Y o u hav e t o t al k t ohi m o r her.W hen t her e i s n o o n e ar o u n d,hav e an ho n es t t al k.I f he o r s hedo es n,t wan t t o t al k,y o u co u l d wr i t e a l et t er.Ther e ar e t hr ee s t ep s t o bei n g fr i en ds agai n:Tel l hi m o r her ho w y o u ar e feel i n g;s ay what y o u r fr i en d has do n e wr o n g,an d exp l ai n why y o u di d t hi s o r t hat.Rem em ber t hat fr i en ds hi p i s t he m o s ti m p o r t an t t hi n g i n y o u r l i fe.1.S al l y wan t s t o t el l s t u den t s t he way s t o .A.fi n d fr i en ds B.p l an t t r ees C.get hap p y D.k eep fi t2.W hat m ak es go o d fr i en ds?A go o d fr i en d s ho u l d.C.hav e di n n er wi t hA.be l o v el y an d co o lC.hav e l o t s o f m o n ey3.A cco r di n g t o t he t ext,y o u canA.bu y a p r es en t fo rB.be k i n d an d p at i en tD.hav e go o d l o o k s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ y o u r fr i en d aft er a fi ght.B.n ev er s ay a wo r d t oD.wr i t e a l et t er t o4.W hat i s t he bes t t i t l e o f t he t ext?A.Teen ager s an d fr i en ds hi p.B.The go o d fr i en ds ar o u n d y o u.C.The t r o u bl e o f gr o wi n g u p.I）.The car e an d k eep i n g o f fr i en ds.6.Two-y ear-o l d her o Y e Chen gfen g s av ed m o s t o f hi s fam i l y fr o m a deadl ygasl eak（泄漏）.A s hi s gr an dfat her l ay dead,t he chi l d wo k e u p hi s gr an dm o t heran d s av ed fi v e o t her fam i l y m em ber s fr o m deat hs.Mo r e an d m o r e Br i t i s h s cho o l k i ds u s e t hei r m o bi l e p ho n es t o cheat（作弊）i n exam s.They u s e t hem t o s en d m es s ages t o get t he an s wer s.S o far t hi sy ear,1,013 s t u den t